Originally published in 1935, this volume contains the text of the fifth Horsley Memorial Lecture, delivered by Sir Walter Langdon-Brown. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in medical history, particularly the history of the discovery of the endocrine system.

Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis in the last ten years, the condition still poses major clinical challenges. Non-adherence to drug therapy is a widespread problem in patients with rheumatic diseases and osteoporosis in particular.
Part of the Oxford Rheumatology Library, this second edition summarizes the latest developments in the management of osteoporosis and includes new chapters covering the clinical role of denosumab and orthopaedic issues in the management of fractures in patients with osteoporosis. This practical pocketbook is an essential resource for trainees and clinicians in rheumatology, endocrinology, and geriatric medicine, as well as general practitioners and paramedical staff involved in osteoporosis care.

The book is in question and answer format, very easy and comfortable to read. It incorporates objective structures practical examination (OSPE) and other format on Endocrinology questions. Contents of the book have been updated as per the latest guidelines by various endocrine organizations all over the world, especially American Association of Clinical Endocrinology (AACE) guidelines, American Diabetes Association (ADA), European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD), American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines, and other organizations of the world.

Osteoporosis is a common, underdiagnosed, and undertreated condition, complicated by fractures which lead to significant mortality and morbidity. The prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in postmenopausal women exceeds the combined prevalence of breast cancer, stroke, heart failure, and myocardial infarction. Often called "the silent disease," it does not reveal itself with obvious symptoms until a fracture occurs. In the first year after sustaining a hip fracture, mortality is increased by almost 24% in women and is even higher in men. About half of those who sustain an osteoporotic hip fracture become so disabled that they are no longer able to resume their daily activities, and as many as 20% require long-term institutional care. Effective treatments for osteoporosis are now available if it is diagnosed and addressed in a timely manner. Unfortunately, this disease remains shockingly underdiagnosed and undertreated, even in patients who sustain low-trauma hip fractures.
The past two decades have witnessed radical changes in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis. The densitometric diagnosis of osteoporosis is noninvasive, quick, and relatively simple. Tools are now available to predict the patient's probability of sustaining fractures, to identify patients who are particularly vulnerable, and to determine which patients will benefit from further investigation and treatment. Various associations have developed guidelines to help clinicians reach a diagnosis and initiate treatment. Due to better understanding of the basic pathophysiology of bone turnover, potent and relatively safe medications that significantly reduce the risk of fractures are now widely available. It is of paramount importance that this disease be diagnosed and treated as early as possible in order to take advantage of these developments and reduce the enormous socioeconomic and psychological impact of osteoporosis.
Given the burden of osteoporotic fractures, all clinicians should have a working knowledge of e diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of the disease. Clinicians should feel comfortable diagnosing and initiating treatment for the majority of patients with osteoporosis. Only complicated cases or patients who are unresponsive to treatment should be referred to specialists. The aim of this book is to distill the available information on osteoporosis into an easily comprehensible format that will serve as a practical guide for busy clinicians. Numerous boxes, tables, diagrams, and figures present the information in an accessible manner. This book will be of particular use to general practitioners, endocrinologists, rheumatologists, gynecologists, internists, geriatricians, and orthopedic surgeons.

In this sweeping exploration of the relatively recent obesity epidemic, Michael L. Power and Jay Schulkin probe evolutionary biology, history, physiology, and medical science to uncover the causes of our growing girth. The unexpected answer? Our own evolutionary success. For most of the past few million years, our evolutionary ancestors' survival depended on being able to consume as much as possible when food was available and to store the excess energy for periods when it was scarce. In the developed world today, high-calorie foods are readily obtainable, yet the propensity to store fat is part of our species' heritage, leaving an increasing number of the world's people vulnerable to obesity. In an environment of abundant food, we are anatomically, physiologically, metabolically, and behaviorally programmed in a way that makes it difficult for us to avoid gaining weight. Power and Schulkin's engagingly argued book draws on popular examples and sound science to explain our expanding waistlines and to discuss the consequences of being overweight for different demographic groups. They review the various studies of human and animal fat use and storage, including those that examine fat deposition and metabolism in men and women; chronicle cultural differences in food procurement, preparation, and consumption; and consider the influence of sedentary occupations and lifestyles. A compelling and comprehensive examination of the causes and consequences of the obesity epidemic, "The Evolution of Obesity" offers fascinating insights into the question, Why are we getting fatter?

Effectively manage parathyroid and bone metabolism disorders with "The Parathyroid Gland and Bone Metabolism! "Brought to you by the same leading endocrinologists responsible for the highly acclaimed two-volume textbook, "Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric, " this derivative book presents a compilation of chapters covering all endocrinology material related to parathyroid and bone metabolism. Never before available as a stand-alone offering, this content will enable you to give your patients the benefit of today's best know-how on parathyroid and bone metabolism from the leading resource in endocrinology.

 Endocrinology - as only "HARRISON'S" can cover it

A Doody's Core Title for 2015.

Featuring a superb compilation of chapters on endocrinology that appear in "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, Eighteenth Edition," this concise, full-color clinical companion delivers the latest knowledge in the field backed by the scientific rigor and authority that have defined "Harrison's." You will find content from renowned editors and contributors in a carry-anywhere presentation that is ideal for the classroom, clinic, ward, or exam/certification preparation.

Features An organization that reflects the physiologic roots of endocrinology: Pituitary, Thyroid, and Adrenal Disorders; Reproductive Endocrinology; Diabetes Mellitus, Obesity, Lipoprotein Metabolism; Disorders Affecting Multiple Endocrine Systems; and Disorders of Bone and Calcium Metabolism An important introduction that uses numerous examples of translational research to link genetics, cell biology, and physiology with pathophysiology and treatment Integration of pathophysiology with clinical management 108 high-yield questions and answers drawn from "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine Self-Assessment and Board Review, 18e" Updates and new developments since the publication of "Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e" 29 chapters written by physicians who are recognized experts in the field of endocrinology Helpful appendix of laboratory values of clinical importance

Meet the growing challenges of diabetes and obesity management with "Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity," a compilation of chapters from the highly acclaimed two-volume textbook, "Endocrinology: Adult and Pediatric." Never before available as a stand-alone offering, this derivative book will enable you to put today's best endocrinology practices in diabetes and obesity management to work for your patients.

Greenspan’s Basic & Clinical Endocrinology delivers a succinct, leading-edge overview of the underlying molecular biology of the endocrine system and the latest perspectives on the diagnosis and treatment of specific diseases and disorders. Featuring an enhanced design that includes hundreds of full-color illustrations and clinical photographs, Greenspan’s is a true must-have during traditional or integrated courses in endocrinology, endocrinology rotation, or exam prep in internal medicine and endocrinology and as reference for disease management.

Greenspan’s provides clinically relevant coverage of metabolic bone disease, pancreatic hormones and diabetes mellitus, hypoglycemia, obesity, geriatric endocrinology, and many other diseases and disorders. Supporting this essential material is a handy appendix of normal hormone reference ranges across the lifespan.

Here’s why Greenspan’s is an essential tool for learning how to manage endocrine patients:

• The Tenth Edition is enhanced by updated content throughout each chapter
• NEW CHAPTERS on Transgender Endocrinology and Disorders of Sexual Determination and Differentiation
• Important chapter on Evidence-Based Endocrinology and Clinical Epidemiology
• Concise, balanced coverage of both scientific and clinical principles that guide patient management
• The best source for current concepts in endocrine pathophysiology to aid clinical decision making
• The most practical, current insights into diagnostic testing
• More than 270 full-color illustrations and clinical photographs

If you are in need of a well-illustrated, completely up-to-date guide to the entire field of clinical endocrinology, this trusted classic belongs on your desk or computer.

 In a single, convenient volume, Pediatric Endocrinology offers complete coverage of all aspects of basic science and clinical practice, ideal for both pediatricians and endocrinologists. Pediatric endocrinology expert Dr. Mark Sperling teams up with world-renowned authors to bring you up to date with the latest key developments in every area of the field, providing invaluable guidance on how your clinical decision making will be affected by today's technological and scientific advances. The user-friendly text is enhanced by all-new online access to the complete contents of the book and more.

"Inclusion of clinical vignettes and supported by ExpertConsult access makes the text almost as good as face-to-face teaching." Reviewed by Neel Kamal on behalf of BACCH Newsletter, March 2015

 At the dawn of precision medicine, there is a new opportunity for novel approaches to understand, diagnose and treat endometrial disorders that affect fertility, reproductive outcomes, and women’s health more broadly. Herein, the editors have assembled critically evaluated state-of-the-art chapters presenting basic and clinical knowledge about the human endometrium that impacts or will impact clinical practice. All clinicians and researchers in Reproductive Medicine will find this book useful as a reference and a valuable tool for continued advancement in the understanding and management of the "endometrial factor".

Up-to-date and evidence-based, Updates on Treatment and Management of Endocrinopathies [correct title?] provides an overview of recent developments regarding the most prevalent endocrine disorders. A concise, easy-to-read reference for endocrinologists and endocrine surgeons, this timely reference includes an overview of each disorder as well as diagnosis, management, treatment, prognosis, and a summary by a renowned expert who has contributed to the most current literature. Addresses endocrine diseases of the thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands as well as familial endocrine syndromes: multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 and 2 (MEN). Includes both surgical and nonsurgical treatments. Consolidates today's available information on this timely topic into one convenient resource.

Description:

Offering current guidelines on the relatively new practice of puberty suppression for gender-dysphoric adolescents, Pubertal Suppression in Transgender Youth provides a succinct, easy-to-digest overview of this timely topic. This concise, clinically-focused resource by Dr. Courtney Finlayson covers all relevant topics, from a brief history of medical care of transgender youth to emerging developments in the field.

 

 Table of Contents

 

·  Copyright

·  List of Contributors

·  Chapter 1. History of Care of Transgender Youth

·  Dedication

·  Chapter 2. Models of Care and Current Guidelines for Care of Transgender Individuals

·  Gender-Affirming Care

·  Multidisciplinary Care

·  Practice Guidelines

·  Mental Healthcare

·  Medical Care

·  Adjunctive Services

·  Barriers to Care

·  Summary

·  Chapter 3. Puberty

·  Physical Changes Associated With Puberty

·  Physiology of Puberty

·  Delayed Puberty or Absent Puberty (Sexual Infantilism)

·  Precocious Puberty (Sexual Precocity)

·  Chapter 4. GnRH Analogs (Mechanism, Past Studies, Drug Options, Use in Precocious Puberty, Use in Gender-Nonconforming Youth)

·  Historical Perspective

·  Physiology and Mechanism of Action

·  Use in Central Precocious Puberty

·  Outcomes in Central Precocious Puberty

·  Use in Gender-Nonconforming Youth

·  Options for Treatment

·  Outcomes in Gender-Nonconforming Youth

·  Challenges in Care

·  Conclusion

·  Chapter 5. Rationale for the Initiation, Use, and Monitoring of GnRHa in Gender Non-conforming Youth

·  Introduction

·  Rationale

·  Initiation

·  Monitoring

·  Conclusion

·  Chapter 6. Psychosocial Considerations in Pubertal Suppression Treatment

·  Introduction

·  Possible Effects of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogues on Gender Identity and/or Sexuality Development

·  Unknown Neurocognitive Sequelae of Pubertal Suppression Treatment

·  Psychosocial Implications of Known Medical Side Effects of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analogue Treatment

·  Family Factors

·  Conclusion

·  Chapter 7. Medical Side Effects of GnRH Agonists

·  Bone Health

·  Brain

·  Fertility

·  Body Mass Index and Body Composition

·  Summary

·  Chapter 8. Surgical Side Effects of GnRHa

·  Introduction

·  Goals of Surgery

·  Timing of Surgery

·  Surgical Considerations for Individuals on GnRHa

·  Areas of Uncertainty

·  Conclusion

·  Chapter 9. Fertility Preservation: Considerations for Gender-Diverse Youth

·  Risk of Infertility due to Hormonal Therapies

·  Fertility Preservation Options in Birth-Assigned Males

·  Fertility Preservation Options in Birth-Assigned Females

·  Attitudes Toward FP and Other Psychological Considerations

·  Ethical Considerations

·  Financial Considerations

·  Future Directions

·  Conclusions

·  Chapter 10. Duration of Pubertal Suppression and Initiation of Gender-Affirming Hormone Treatment in Youth

·  Pubertal Suppression and Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapies

·  Relevant Time Points in Clinical Guidelines and Protocols

·  Unresolved Questions

·  Case Examples

·  Initiation of Gender-Affirming Hormones

·  Testosterone

·  Estrogen

·  Conclusions

·  Chapter 11. Ethical Considerations of GnRHa Treatment and Consent Process

·  Introduction

·  Pubertal Suppression

·  Benefits of Pubertal Suppression

·  Ethical Issues

·  Conclusion

·  Chapter 12. Emerging Developments in Pubertal Suppression for Gender Incongruent/Gender Dysphoric Youth

·  Triptorelin, a New Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist

·  Prolonged Use of Histrelin acetate implant in Transgender Youth

·  Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist Use in Nonbinary Youth

·  Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone and Gonadotropin Antagonists

·  Kisspeptin and Neurokinin B Antagonists

·  Oxandrolone as an Alternative Gender-Affirming Masculinizing Hormone

·  Low-Dose Estrogen and Testosterone

·  Antiandrogens and Androgen Receptor Inhibitors

·  Antiandrogens

·  Conclusion

Imaging in Endocrinology will provide endocrinologists and radiologists of all levels with an outstanding diagnostic imaging atlas to aid them in the diagnosis and management of all the major endocrine diseases they are likely to encounter. In full colour throughout, the 300 high–quality images consist of CT scans, MRI, NMR and histopathology slides, and are arranged by each specific endocrine condition, resulting in a visually outstanding and easily accessible tool that guides the user through exactly what to look out for and provides a practical and extremely useful aid in helping them formulate a diagnosis.

Every major endocrine condition is covered in a specific section, including diseases of the thyroid, pituitary, reproductive and adrenal glands, the pancreas, bone metabolism problems, and the various forms of endocrine cancers. Each disease covered will offer a comparison of the normal findings so as to further assist in diagnosis.
An accompanying website contains an online slide–atlas of all the figures in the book, to allow users to download all figures for use in presentations. Led by Paolo Pozzilli, an internationally–recognised expert in this field, the authors have assembled a wonderful collection of images that will be greatly valued by endocrinologists and radiologists alike, ensuring this is the perfect tool to consult when assessing patients with endocrine disease.

This timely and clinically oriented book uniquely addresses the entire spectrum of treatment for severe obesity and diabetes. It thoroughly examines all aspects from robotic surgery to cell therapy, from the latest antidiabetic drugs to endoscopic procedures and devices, from appetite-inhibiting signals and nutrients to gastric arterial embolization. It offers objective and authoritative information for practicing professionals; not only are successful interventions discussed and updated, but cutting-edge and experimental pathways are also anticipated.

Obesity is the foremost nutritional challenge worldwide. Its companion is type-2 diabetes, the most prevalent metabolic disease. Together they represent the diabesity epidemic, which is draining resources, overwhelming healthcare facilities, and impacting life expectancy and quality of life everywhere. No country has been spared, and most medical specialties have been affected. Many books focus on the surgical options for obesity and diabetes, namely bariatric and metabolic operations. Information on the clinical and pharmacological treatment is also available, conveyed by standard texts on internal medicine and endocrinology. Yet endoscopic maneuvers and prostheses, cell therapy for diabetes, and other innovative approaches are hard to come by, as conventional texts overlook such therapies. This timely publication bridges the gaps between all different therapeutic options, also covering advances in the conservative, surgical and parasurgical domains.

This book will appeal to seasoned specialists, students and healthcare professionals in training alike.

 The Third Edition of Medical Management of Thyroid Disease provides the most up-to-date practical guidance for the diagnosis and management of common and uncommon thyroid diseases. It reflects the advancement in guidelines and research for thyroid cancer, nodules and hypothyroidism; all presented in an accessible format with more illustrations and algorithms for management. The contributions of internationally renowned endocrinologists present the clinical aspects from the world’s perspective.

Key Features

• Completely revised and updated

• Reorganized with more algorithms for quick reference and enhanced usability

• Edited by internationally renowned physicians in the field

• Authoritative, comprehensive and yet easily digestible

For more than 65 years, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology has been the gold standard in the field, delivering authoritative guidance on every aspect of adult and pediatric endocrine system disorders. The 13th Edition has been thoroughly updated by Drs. Shlomo Melmed, Kenneth S. Polonsky, P. Reed Larsen, and Henry M. Kronenberg, to bring you state-of-the-art coverage of diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, thyroid disease, testicular disorders, and much more, all designed to help you provide optimal care to every patient. Bridging the gap between basic science and clinical information, it is an essential, relevant resource for endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons, gynecologists, internists, and pediatricians - any clinician who needs the most reliable coverage available on the diverse features across the spectrum of endocrine disease.

Management of Prader-Willi Syndrome brings together the contributions of professionals with considerable expertise in diagnosis and management of PWS. Clinical, social, family, and community issues are explored and management strategies identified. The text presents historical, medical, and genetic information to orient the reader. The major portion deals with pragmatic guidelines, rather than research and diagnosis, and is directed to health and educational specialists in academic, clinical, and community settings. This manual is endorsed by The Prader-Willi Syndrome Association, which is recognized world-wide.

The acclaimed clinical guide to managing both pediatric endocrine disorders and inborn errors of metabolism

No other text so skillfully blends the disciplines of endocrinology and inborn metabolic disorders into one clinically focused, highly visual resource as Pediatric Endocrinology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism.

In this practical, user-friendly tutorial, a team of international contributors delivers the latest information and clinical insights clinicians need to confidently diagnose and manage pediatric patients. This full-color resource guides readers through the etiology, pathophysiology, presenting signs and symptoms, diagnostic laboratory examinations, and treatments regimens of each disorder. Pediatric Endocrinology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism successfully balances authority and comprehensiveness with a strong clinical, practical approach that delivers an unmatched integrated discussion of the fields.

• Full-color presentation with numerous photos, illustrations, diagnostic algorithms, tables, and text boxes that summarize key concepts and assist in the decision-making process

• At-a-Glance feature beginning each disease-based chapter summarizes all the clinical information you need to differentiate between disorder sub-types in one easy-to-find place 

• Complete and detailed information on all laboratory and radiographic testing used to diagnose disorders in both disciplines

An up-to-date reference for managing thyroid and parathyroid diseases

 A highly illustrated, detailed and didactic text on medical and surgical aspects of thyroid and parathyroid diseases. -- Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews

The book is well illustrated...and serves as an up-to-date and comprehensive guide to the evaluation and treatment of those with thyroid and parathyroid disorders. It is well resourced and written with insight, and includes the newer surgical techniques, such as minimally invasive surgery and robotics. -- Journal of Laryngology & Otology

...an excellent foundation for understanding all aspects of thyroid and parathyroid disease. -- Head & Neck

Thyroid and Parathyroid Diseases, Second Edition, has been revised and updated to reflect recent advances in the medical and surgical management of thyroid and parathyroid diseases. This new edition serves as both a comprehensive guide to patient evaluation as well as an atlas of advanced surgical techniques for managing patients needing operative intervention. Separate chapters are devoted to minimally invasive techniques and remote access/robotic thyroidectomy techniques, both of which have enjoyed increased application throughout the world.

New in the second edition:

·         A section on state-of-the-art, evidence-based management of challenging parathyroid conditions such as multiple endocrine neoplasia and renal hyperparathyroidism

·         A more detailed discussion of thyroid cancer evaluation and staging

·         A new chapter dedicated to parathyroid cancer

·         Nearly 200 additional full-color illustrations

This new edition is a valuable resource for all surgeons, endocrinologists, and residents seeking to expand their knowledge of thyroid and parathyroid diseases, as well as seasoned clinicians who want to improve patient care and incorporate the latest surgical advancements into their practice.

 The Essential Guide to Recognizing and Treating Acute Endocrine and Metabolic Illness

Endocrinology covers some of the most common conditions and serious public health challenges facing medicine today, and endocrine and metabolic emergencies constitute a large proportion of the clinical workload. Endocrine and Metabolic Medical Emergencies: A Clinician’s Guide provides a singular reference to help endocrinologists, acute and general medicine clinicians, hospitalists and critical care physicians, and general practitioners recognize the symptoms of endocrine emergencies and provide the highest standards of care. Already the definitive and most comprehensive guide to endocrine emergency care, this new second edition: provides acute care guidance for a range of both common and unusual endocrine emergencies; details the effects of acute medical and critical illness on metabolic and endocrine systems, and their impacts on endocrine investigations; discusses special patient populations, including the impacts of aging, pregnancy, transplantation, late-effects, perioperative, inherited metabolic disorders and HIV/AIDS on presentation and management; and features detailed coverage of disorders by system, as well as, metabolic bone diseases, neuroendocrine tumors, and more.

Packed with case studies, images, and chapters written by distinguished authors, this guide is designed for both quick reference and study. Coverage includes the presentation, diagnosis, management, and treatment of endocrine and metabolic disorders in an acute care setting, as well as the most up-to-date guidance on issues including clinical lipidology, glucose, sodium, calcium and phosphate, and more.

Blending the latest science with clinical and practical advice, this invaluable resource helps clinicians stay up to date with the field’s relevant body of knowledge while providing the practical, clinical insight they need in order to provide their patients with the utmost level of care.

The WHO Classification of Tumours of Endocrine Organs is the 10th volume in the 4th Edition of the WHO series on histological and genetic typing of human tumours. This authoritative, concise reference provides an international standard for oncologists and pathologists and will serve as an indispensable guide for use in the design of studies evaluating response to therapy and clinical outcome. Diagnostic criteria, pathological features, and associated genetic alterations are described in a disease-oriented manner. Sections on all recognized neoplasms and their variants include new ICD-O codes, epidemiology, clinical features, pathology, genetics, prognosis, and predictive factors. The book, prepared by 166 authors from 25 countries, contains more than 700 color images and tables and more than 3100 references.

Features:
• Provides a cutting-edge, problem-orientated approach to the management of clinical problems in endocrinology
• Presents complete updates of existing chapters and new research data, diagnostic techniques, treatment options, and safety concerns
• Discusses neuroendocrine disease and examines strides made by the identification of aryl hydrocarbon receptor–interacting protein mutations
• Reviews changes in diagnostic imaging
• Explores the rapidly increasing incidence of neuroendocrine tumors and their management
• Reviews the endocrinology of aging
• Includes protocols for pituitary function testing

Summary:
Endocrinology is a complex specialty that spans a wide range of diseases, disorders, and conditions. The field is now moving toward an increasingly personalized approach to patient management, with a greater focus on mechanisms of disease and biomarkers. Written by internationally renowned specialists, the second edition of Endocrinology in Clinical Practice provides a cutting-edge, problem-orientated approach to the management of clinical problems in endocrinology.
Highlights of the new edition include:
• An overview of neuroendocrine disease
• Strides made by the identification of aryl hydrocarbon receptor–interacting protein mutations in patients with familial isolated pituitary adenomas
• The diverse roles of IGF-I
• Changes in diagnostic imaging and the increasing use of positron emission tomography
• The rapidly increasing incidence of neuroendocrine tumors and their management
• Hereditary primary hyperparathyroidism and multiple endocrine neoplasia
• Mechanistic and genomic advances related to disorders of calcium regulation and infertility
• The endocrinology of aging
• Protocols for pituitary function testing With complete updates to existing chapters, the second edition also presents new research data, diagnostic techniques, treatment options, and safety concerns related to existing therapies. This edition offers current guidance and scientifically focused information relevant to a range of clinical problems, making it an essential reference for practicing endocrinologists and specialist clinicians.

 Pret: 764 lei 570 lei (valabil in perioada 17 – 30 martie 2020)

About this Textbook

 Diabetes has become a worldwide health problem, the global estimated prevalence approaches ten percent and the burden of this disease in terms of morbidity and mortality is unprecedented. The advances acquired through the knowledge of the mechanisms of the disease and the variety of therapeutic approaches contrast with the inability of private and public health systems in underdeveloped and even developed countries to achieve the goals of treatment. This paradox has been described in many sources: the surge of scientific advances contrast with an unprecedented amount of human suffering. Thus, a patient centered and an evidence-based approach with the capacity to produce measurable clinical and economic outcomes is required.

The purpose of this textbook is multiple: to offer a comprehensive resource covering all aspects of outpatient management; to address diabetes as a health problem from an epidemiological, economic and clinical perspective; to discuss the role of social determinants of health on the worldwide increase in diabetes; to highlight the challenges and obstacles in providing adequate care; and to outline a multidisciplinary approach to management in which medical visits retain their importance as part of a team comprising the patient, his or her family and a multidisciplinary group of health professionals who are able to move beyond the traditional approach of diabetes as a disease and greatly improve outcomes.

 

Table of contents (64 chapters)

 

Preface: A New Disease?

Pages 1-8

Rodriguez-Saldana, Joel

The Dynamics of Diabetes Prevalence, Morbidity, and Mortality

Pages 11-21

Gregg, Edward W. (et al.)

Economic Costs, from Individuals to Health Systems: Evidence from a Middle-Income Country

Pages 23-32

Arredondo, Armando (et al.)

The Ecological Approach to Self-Management in Diabetes

Pages 33-59

Fisher, Edwin B. (et al.)

Social Determinants of Health and Diabetes Outcomes

Pages 61-69

Hashimoto, Hideki

Definition, Diagnostic Criteria, Screening, Diagnosis, and Classification of Diabetes and Categories of Glucose Intolerance

Pages 71-85

Nandhini, Lakshmana Perumal (et al.)

Pathophysiology of Type 1 Diabetes

Pages 89-99

Gómez-Díaz, Rita A.

Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes

Pages 101-116

Kesavadev, Jothydev (et al.)

Genetic Determinants of Type 2 Diabetes

Pages 117-125

Cruz, Miguel (et al.)

Gene Expression Modifications in Type 2 Diabetes

Pages 127-144

Suarez-Sanchez, Fernando (et al.)

The Immune System and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes

Pages 145-167

Macedo, Rebeca García

Dysfunction and Death of Pancreatic Beta Cells in Type 2 Diabetes

Pages 169-184

Ortega-Camarillo, Clara

Obesity in the Pathophysiology of Diabetes

Pages 185-213

Paniagua González, Juan Antonio (et al.)

Pathogenesis of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Pages 215-225

Kintiraki, Evangelia (et al.)

Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver in the Pathogenesis of Diabetes

Pages 227-235

Villela Nogueira, Cristiane A. (et al.)

Diabetes Management in Asia

Pages 239-253

Shivashankar, Roopa (et al.)

Diabetes Management in the United States

Pages 255-271

Ali, Mohammed K. (et al.)

Diabetes Management in Africa

Pages 273-288

Choukem, Simeon Pierre (et al.)

The Patient-Centered Medical Home, Primary Care, and Diabetes

Pages 291-304

Rodriguez-Saldana, Joel

Outpatient Diabetes Management and the Chronic Care Model

Pages 305-332

Rodriguez-Saldana, Joel

Clinical Practice Guidelines, Evidence-Based Medicine, and Diabetes

Pages 333-355

Rodriguez-Saldana, Joel

Measuring Diabetes Quality of Care: Clinical Outcomes, Cost-Effectiveness, and Patient Experience of Care

Pages 357-365

O’Connor, Patrick J. (et al.)

Clinical Inertia: The Role of Physicians in Diabetes Outcomes

Pages 367-380

Rodriguez-Saldana, Joel

Patient Adherence: Challenges, Myths, and Realities

Pages 381-400

Rodriguez-Saldana, Joel

Challenges and Opportunities in Diabetes Education

Pages 403-416

Dickinson, Jane K. (et al.)

Diabetes and Mental Health: From Distress to Depression

Pages 417-428

Heinze, Gerhard (et al.)

Tools of Self-Care: Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose and Tele-Health Resources

Pages 429-450

Ginsberg, Barry H.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Clinical Practice: Ambulatory Glucose Profile and the Application of Advanced Glucose Sensing Technologies to Clinical Decision-Making

Pages 451-462

Mazze, Roger S.

Type 2 Diabetes and Lifestyle Medicine

Pages 463-476

Galaviz, Karla I. (et al.)

Evidence and Implementation of Medical Nutrition Therapy in Persons with Diabetes

Pages 477-483

Maryniuk, Melinda Downie (et al.)

Evidence and Implementation of Physical Activity and Exercise

Pages 485-498

Jáuregui-Ulloa, Edtna (et al.)

The “Old” Oral Antidiabetics

Pages 501-513

Buhse, Susanne (et al.)

Incretin Therapies: Current Use and Emerging Possibilities

Pages 515-529

Schlögl, Haiko (et al.)

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors

Pages 531-539

Dailey, George, III (et al.)

Use of Insulin in Outpatient Diabetes Management

Pages 541-554

Faradji, Raquel N. (et al.)

Insulin Pump Therapy

Pages 555-570

Faradji, Raquel N. (et al.)

Diabetes and Hypertension

Pages 573-585

Khangura, D. (et al.)

Diabetes and Atherogenic Dyslipidemia

Pages 587-596

Mooradian, Arshag D.

Obesity and Diabetes

Pages 597-610

Wharton, Sean (et al.)

Diabetes and Smoking: The Burden of Evidence

Pages 611-616

Aggarwal, Sameer (et al.)

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Pages 619-627

Umpierrez, Guillermo E.

Hypoglycemia: Diagnosis, Management, and Prevention

Pages 629-653

Faradji, Raquel N. (et al.)

Inpatient Management of Diabetes and Hyperglycemia

Pages 655-668

Horton, William B.

Diabetes and Infection

Pages 669-691

Atreja, Atulya (et al.)

Biochemical Mechanisms of Vascular Complications in Diabetes

Pages 695-707

Margarita Díaz-Flores, (et al.)

Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease

Pages 709-730

Coutiño-Castelán, Daniel (et al.)

Diabetes and Stroke: The Role of Glucose Regulation

Pages 731-746

Lowe, Forrest (et al.)

Peripheral Arterial Disease and Diabetes Mellitus

Pages 747-763

Cheun, Tracy J. (et al.)

Ophthalmic Disease in Diabetes

Pages 765-775

Henriques, José (et al.)

Diabetes and Oral Health

Pages 777-790

Díaz-Romero, Rosa Maria (et al.)

Renal Disease in Diabetes

Pages 791-807

Garza-García, Carlos A. (et al.)

Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathies

Pages 809-823

Feher, Gergely

Diabetic Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy

Pages 825-850

Serhiyenko, Viktoria (et al.)

Autonomic Visceral Neuropathy and Gastrointestinal Disorders

Pages 851-861

Drewes, Anne Mohr (et al.)

Urologic Complications in Patients with Diabetes

Pages 863-871

Casco, Stephania (et al.)

Musculoskeletal Complications of Diabetes Mellitus

Pages 873-881

Singla, Rajiv (et al.)

Diabetes and the Skin

Pages 883-898

Mestdagh, Justine (et al.)

Foot Complications

Pages 899-918

Harkless, Lawrence B. (et al.)

Diabetes and Cancer

Pages 919-937

Krajewska (Wojciechowska), Joanna (et al.)

Diabetes in Children and Adolescents

Pages 941-966

Miranda Lora, América Liliana (et al.)

Pregnancy: Pregestational and Gestational Management

Pages 967-976

García-Argueta, María Isabel (et al.)

The Elderly with Diabetes

Pages 977-989

Valencia-Rodrigo, Willy Marcos

The Artificial Pancreas

Pages 993-998

Ginsberg, Barry H. (et al.)

Unproven Therapies for Diabetes

Pages 999-1013

Kesavadev, Jothydev (et al.)

 

• First textbook to be devoted entirely to hypoparathyroidism
• Provides essential, up-to-date information on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of hypoparathyroidism 
• Covers a wide range of hypoparathyroid disorders Discusses novel replacement therapy with PTH 1-34 and 1-84 
• Includes a chapter on surgical hypoparathyroidism

About this book

Hypoparathyroidism, a condition in which insufficient parathyroid hormone (PTH) is produced to maintain normocalcemia is associated with a variety of acute and chronic symptoms and complications due to hypocalcemia. Replacement therapy utilizing PTH has long been awaited, and this book is new and very timely as it coincides with the  publication of results on the role of the PTH molecule in the pharmacological management of this disorder. This advance is sparking renewed interest in hypoparathyroidism, which is attributable to neck surgery in most cases and to inherited disorders in a minority.

Hypoparathyroidism has been written by acknowledged experts in the field and provides essential, up-to-date information on the pathology, diagnosis, and treatment of the condition. It opens by addressing in detail the anatomy and physiology of the parathyroids and describing the epidemiology and clinical presentation of hypoparathyroidism. The full range of hypoparathyroid disorders are then discussed, including the various genetic forms, postoperative hypoparathyroidism, and other forms of acquired hypoparathyroidism. Individual chapters focus on refractory disease, the impact of the condition on bone, and the management of acute hypocalcemia. Both conventional treatment for hypoparathyroidism and the novel replacement therapy with PTH  peptides are then thoroughly examined. Pseudohypoparathyroidism is also extensively discussed, with information on the various forms, differential diagnosis, and genetic testing. This book will be of interest to all endocrinologists, and also to surgeons and internal medicine physicians.

Table of contents (38 chapters)

 

·         The History: From Ivar Sandström to the Sequence of Parathyroid Hormone

Mannstadt, Michael (et al.)

Pages 3-10

·         Embryology of the Parathyroid Glands

Manley, Nancy R.

Pages 11-18

·         PTH and PTH-Related Peptides

Isaia, Giancarlo (et al.)

Pages 19-24

·         PTH Assays and Their Clinical Significance

D’Amour, Pierre

Pages 25-32

·         Control of Parathyroid Hormone Secretion by Extracellular Ca

Brown, Edward M.

Pages 33-48

·         Phosphate Control of PTH Secretion

Messa, Piergiorgio

Pages 49-59

·         Role of Magnesium in Parathyroid Physiology

Steen, Oren (et al.)

Pages 61-67

·         The PTH/Vitamin D/FGF23 Axis

Goltzman, David (et al.)

Pages 69-79

·         The PTH Receptorsome and Transduction Pathways

Gardella, Thomas J.

Pages 81-87

·         G Protein Gsα and

Bastepe, Murat

Pages 89-98

·         Parathyroid Hormone Actions on Bone and Kidney

Pajevic, Paola Divieti (et al.)

Pages 99-109

·         PTH and PTHrP: Nonclassical Targets

Cianferotti, Luisella

Pages 111-126

·         In Vitro Cellular Models of Parathyroid Cells

Gomez, Ana Rita (et al.)

Pages 127-135

·         Epidemiology of Hypoparathyroidism

Clarke, Bart L.

Pages 139-154

·         Clinical Presentation of Hypoparathyroidism

Wheeler, Amber L. (et al.)

Pages 155-165

·         Familial Isolated Hypoparathyroidism

Hendy, Geoffrey N. (et al.)

Pages 167-175

·         Autoimmune Hypoparathyroidism

Kemp, E. Helen (et al.)

Pages 177-188

·         DiGeorge Syndrome

Tarsitano, Marina (et al.)

Pages 189-197

·         Hypoparathyroidism, Deafness, and Renal Anomaly Syndrome

Nesbit, M. Andrew

Pages 199-213

·         Hypoparathyroidism, Dwarfism, Medullary Stenosis of Long Bones, and Eye Abnormalities (Kenny-Caffey Syndrome) and Hypoparathyroidism, Retardation, and Dysmorphism (Sanjad-Sakati) Syndrome

Hershkovitz, Eli (et al.)

Pages 215-224

·         Hypoparathyroidism in Mitochondrial Disorders

Orsucci, Daniele (et al.)

Pages 225-230

·         Postoperative Hypoparathyroidism

Tonelli, Francesco (et al.)

Pages 231-247

·         Hypoparathyroidism During Pregnancy, Lactation, and Fetal/Neonatal Development

Kovacs, Christopher S.

Pages 249-269

·         Rare Causes of Acquired Hypoparathyroidism

Wémeau, Jean-Louis

Pages 271-278

·         Refractory Hypoparathyroidism

Masi, Laura

Pages 279-286

·         Bone Histomorphometry in Hypoparathyroidism

Dempster, David W.

Pages 287-296

·         Management of Acute Hypocalcemia

Cooper, Mark Stuart (et al.)

Pages 297-301

·         Conventional Treatment of Chronic Hypoparathyroidism

Rejnmark, Lars

Pages 303-312

·         Follow-up in Chronic Hypoparathyroidism

Mannstadt, Michael (et al.)

Pages 313-318

·         Treatment of Hypoparathyroidism with Parathyroid Hormone 1–34

Winer, Karen K. (et al.)

Pages 319-331

·         Replacement Therapy with PTH(1–84)

Rubin, Mishaela R. (et al.)

Pages 333-342

·         Classification of Pseudohypoparathyroidism and Differential Diagnosis

Mantovani, Giovanna (et al.)

Pages 345-354

·         Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type 1a, Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism, and Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy

Weinstein, Lee S.

Pages 355-362

·         Pseudohypoparathyroidism Type Ib (PHP-Ib): PTH-Resistant Hypocalcemia and Hyperphosphatemia Due to Abnormal

Jüppner, Harald

Pages 363-372

·         Genetic Testing in Pseudohypoparathyroidism

Linglart, Agnès (et al.)

Pages 373-388

·         Blomstrand’s Chondrodysplasia

Giusti, Francesca (et al.)

Pages 389-395

·         Hypoparathyroidism During Magnesium Deficiency or Excess

Rizzoli, René

Pages 397-403

·         Advocacy and Hypoparathyroidism in the Twenty-First Century

Sanders, James E. (et al.)

Pages 407-414

This book brings together recognized experts in the field to describe their current techniques for the surgical treatment of diseased thyroid, parathyroid, and adrenal glands, as well as neuroendocrine tumors of small bowel, pancreas, liver, and skin. For each procedure, indications, operative steps, potential pitfalls and complications, and postoperative management are presented. The clear descriptions coupled with informative and beautiful illustrations will give the reader new perspectives and insights into the anatomy and conduct of these procedures. Endocrine surgery has been an area of special interest to surgeons for well over a century, while the increasing incidence of neuroendocrine tumors has more recently led to greater attention to these neoplasms. Significant advances have been made in a variety of areas, the most recent being the introduction of minimally invasive methods of removing diseased glands, and the improved understanding of the natural history of neuroendocrine tumors.

Yen Jaffe's Reproductive Endocrinology helps you successfully diagnose and manage the spectrum of female and male reproductive system diseases, from impaired fertility, infertility, and recurrent pregnancy loss through problems of sexual development, puberty, menstrual disturbances, fibroids, endometriosis, and reproductive aging. This trusted endocrinology reference book is ideal for fellows, endocrinologists, or as a quick reference when making daily diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. It is just the resource you need to offer your patients the best possible reproductive care. "This new edition helps the reader to stay on top of recent developments. It is a must for subspecialists in reproductive medicine and a valuable source of information in the library of any department and clinical unit involved in reproductive medicine." Reviewed by Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica February 2015 "It is a must for subspecialists in reproductive medicine and a valuable source of information in the library of any department and clinical unit involved in reproductive medicine." Reviewed by Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica , March 2015

 

Expertly bridging the gap between basic science and clinical information, Williams Textbook of Endocrinology, 14th Edition, brings together an outstanding collection of world-renowned authors to provide authoritative discussions of the full spectrum of adult and pediatric endocrine system disorders. New chapters and significant revisions throughout keep you up to date with recent advances in medications, therapies, clinical trials, and more. This essential reference is a must-have resource for endocrinologists, endocrine surgeons, gynecologists, internists, pediatricians, and other clinicians who need current, comprehensive coverage of this multifaceted field.

Table Of Contents:

Section I: HORMONES AND HORMONE ACTION 1. Principles of Endocrinology 2. Principles of Hormone Action 3. Genetics of Endocrinology 4. Laboratory Techniques for Recognition of Endocrine Disorders 5. The Global Burden of Endocrine Disease 6. Navigating Through Clinical Practice Guidelines in Endocrinology Section II: HYPOTHALAMUS AND PITUITARY 7. Neuroendocrinology 8. Pituitary Physiology and Diagnostic Evaluation 9. Pituitary Masses and Tumors 10. Posterior Pituitary Section III: THYROID 11. Thyroid Physiology and Diagnostic Evaluation 12. Hyperthyroid Disorders 13. Hypothyroidism and Thyroiditis 14. Nontoxic Diffuse Goiter, Nodular Thyroid Disorders, and Thyroid Malignancies Section IV: ADRENAL CORTEX AND ENDOCRINE HYPERTENSION 15. The Adrenal Cortex 16. Endocrine Hypertension Section V: SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT AND FUNCTION 17. Physiology and Pathology of the Female Reproductive Axis 18. Hormonal Contraception 19. Testicular Disorders 20. Sexual Dysfunction in Men and Women 21. Transgender Endocrinology Section VI: ENDOCRINOLOGY AND THE LIFE SPAN Section VI A: Maternal-Fetal 22. Endocrine Changes in Pregnancy 23. Endocrinology of Fetal Development Section VI B: Childhood 24. Disorders of Sex Development 25. Normal and Aberrant Growth in Children 26. Physiology and Disorders of Puberty Section VI C: Adult 27. Hormones and Athletic Performance 28. Endocrinology and Aging Section VII: MINERAL METABOLISM 29. Hormones and Disorders of Mineral Metabolism 30. Osteoporosis: Basic and Clinical Aspects 31. Rickets and Osteomalacia 32. Kidney Stones Section VIII: DISORDERS OF CARBOHYDRATE AND FAT METABOLISM 33. Physiology of Insulin Secretion 34. Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 35. Therapeutics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus 36. Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus 37. Complications of Diabetes Mellitus 38. Hypoglycemia 39. Neuroendocrine Control of Energy Stores 40. Obesity 41. Disorders of Lipid Metabolism Section IX: POLYENDOCRINE AND NEOPLASTIC DISORDERS 42. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia 43. The Immunoendocrinopathy Syndromes 44. Endocrinology of HIV/AIDS 45. Neuroendocrine Tumors 46. Endocrinology of Cancer Survivors

The field of microbial endocrinology is expressly devoted to understanding the mechanisms by which the microbiota (bacteria within the microbiome) interact with the host (“us”). This interaction is a two-way street and the driving force that governs these interactions are the neuroendocrine products of both the host and the microbiota. Chapters include neuroendocrine hormone-induced changes in gene expression and microbial endocrinology and probiotics. This is the first in a series of books dedicated to understanding how bi-directional communication between host and bacteria represents the cutting edge of translational medical research, and hopefully identifies new ways to understand the mechanisms that determine health and disease.​

 The second edition of Endocrine Surgery is a comprehensive update of the previous edition published in 2003. Edited by three leading authorities in the field of surgical endocrinology, the book encompasses the clinical, imaging, nuclear, molecular, technological and evidence-based principles that are applied in the diagnosis and treatment of all categories of endocrine tumors. Authored by experts from across the globe, this textbook reflects the best international clinical practice and also provides an outstanding educational resource.

With full color illustrations throughout, the new edition emphasizes contemporary approaches in successive stages including: pituitary endocrine tumors; pathology and pathophysiology of pulmonary neuroendocrine cells; surgery of endocrine tumors of the lungs and thymus; robotic endocrine surgery; molecular testing of thyroid nodules; pediatric surgery for neuroblastoma and ganglioneuroma; multiple endocrine neoplasia; retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy; radionuclide imaging of carcinoid tumors, pancreas and adrenals; serotonin-induced cardiac valvular disease and surgical treatment; multimodal management of primary and metastatic neuroendocrine tumors; pathophysiology and surgery of Type II diabetes; post-bariatric surgery hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia; and surgical management of metabolic syndrome.

Endocrine Surgery 2e provides the clinician with a definitive resource to reach curative outcomes in the treatment of patients with endocrine pituitary, thyroid, and parathyroid entities. Further coverage of broncho-pulmonary, adrenal, pancreatic, and intestinal neoplasia is also included, making this the definitive textbook on the subject.

 

Demetrius Pertsemlidis, MD FACS The Bradley H. Jack Professor of Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA

William B. Inabnet III, MD FACS Professor of Surgery and Chief, Division of Metabolic, Endocrine and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, USA

Michel Gagner, M.D. FRCSC, FACS, FASMBS

Clinical Professor of surgery, Herbert Wertheim School of Medicine, Florida International 

This much-anticipated book presents the procedural phases required to achieve optimal results in the esthetic rehabilitation of patients in need of fixed prostheses. Communication between the clinician and the technician, which is essential to the aesthetic, biologic, and functional integration of the prosthetic rehabilitation, is highlighted through a step-by-step presentation of all clinical and laboratory procedures. Chapters demonstrate methods to obtain accurate facebow recordings, impression materials and techniques, fabrication of provisional restorations, and incorporation of interdisciplinary therapies for ideal comfort and aesthetics. All this information is transferred to the final restorations, which should provide patients with long-term prosthetic solutions exhibiting appropriate fit, form, and function. Hundreds of full-colour clinical photographs and detailed illustrations accompany each treatment phase and situation. This beautiful book picks up where Volume 1 ended and delivers its message with equal clarity and precision.

 The seventh edition of Brook's Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology has been compiled by an experienced editorial team and internationally renowned contributors; it presents basic science and clinical management of endocrine disorders for all involved in the care of children and adolescents. It provides treatments for a variety of hormonal diseases, including diabetes and hypoglycaemia, growth problems, thyroid disease and disorders of puberty, sexual differentiation, calcium metabolism, steroid metabolism and hypopituitarism.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

MEHUL T. DATTANI, MD, FRCP, FRCPCH, is Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology at the UCL GOS Institute of Child Health and Head of Pediatric Endocrinology at Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, University College London Hospitals, and Institute of Child Health. He is currently the Chair of the Programme Organising Committee of the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology.

 

CHARLES G.D. BROOK, MA, MD, FRCP, was the first Professor of Pediatric Endocrinology in the UK and the founder of the London Centre for Pediatric Endocrinology at Great Ormond Street Hospital and University College London Hospitals. He was the recipient of the Andrea Prader Prize in 2000, the most prestigious award for outstanding leadership and research in the gift of the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

List of Contributors xix

Preface xxiii

About the Companion Website xxv

1 Genetics and Genomics 1
Anu Bashamboo and Ken McElreavey

Introduction 1

Basic Concepts in Human Genetics and Genomics 1

Classes of RNA Molecules and their Functions 4

Gene Mutations and Inheritance 7

Human Populations and Genetic Variation 12

Epigenetics 14

Advances in Genomic Analysis 15

Establishing Variant Causality 19

The Age of Precision Medicine 24

Clinical Guidelines 24

Acknowledgments 25

Glossary of Terms 25

Further Reading 29

2 Measuring Hormones 31
Gerhard Binder

Introduction 31

Hormone Assays 31

Assay Validity 33

Technical Pitfalls When Measuring Hormones 36

Clinical Assay Validity 38

Stimulation Tests, Suppression Tests and Profiles 42

Optimal Clinical Use of Hormone Tests 44

Acknowledgements 44

References 44

3 Fetal Endocrinology 47
Harshini Katugampola, Evelien F. Gevers, and Mehul T. Dattani

Introduction 48

Transplacental Passage of Hormones 48

Development of Fetal Endocrine Systems 50

Neutralization of Hormone Activity in the Fetus 82

Plasticity of Fetal Endocrine Systems 84

Fetal Adaptations for Transition to Extrauterine Life 85

Frontiers in Fetal and Neonatal Endocrinology 89

References 90

4 Disorders of Sex Development 105
Martine Cools and Birgit Köhler

Normal Sex Development 105

Terminology 106

Causes of DSD 107

Impaired Gonadal Development 108

Disturbances of Testicular Hormone Production or Action 113

Virilization of an XX Individual 116

Management of DSD 118

Clinical Management 122

Other Examples of XY DSD 126

Future Perspectives 127

References 127

Weblinks 131

5 Disorders of Hypothalamo‐Pituitary Axis 133
Hoong‐Wei Gan, Kyriaki‐Sandy Alatzoglou, and Mehul T. Dattani

Introduction 133

The Hypothalamo‐Pituitary Neuroendocrine Axis 134

Hypothalamo‐Pituitary Development 134

Congenital Disorders of Hypothalamo‐Pituitary Development 144

Acquired Disorders of Hypothalamo‐Pituitary Dysfunction 155

Investigation of Hypopituitarism 172

Management of Hypopituitarism 173

Conclusion 174

References 174

6 Disorders of Growth 199
P.G. Murray and P.E. Clayton

Normal Growth 200

Short Stature 205

Acquired GH Deficiency 211

Disorders of GH Action and GH Sensitivity (Primary IGF‐I Deficiency) 213

Growth Disorders not Related to the GH‐IGF Axis 216

Syndromes Associated with Short Stature 219

Idiopathic Short Stature 225

Skeletal Dysplasias 227

Tall Stature 229

References 233

7 Puberty and Its Disorders 235
Sasha R. Howard, Nicolas de Roux, Juliane Leger, Jean‐Claude Carel, and Leo Dunkel

Normal Puberty 235

Precocious Puberty 256

Delayed Puberty 265

Conclusions 283

References 284

8 The Thyroid Gland 289
Catherine Peters and Nadia Schoenmakers

Section 1: Development of the Thyroid Axis 289

Section 2: Clinical Thyroid Disorders 301

Section 3: Diagnostic Pitfalls 315

References 320

Weblinks 334

9 The Adrenal Cortex and Its Disorders 335
Claire R. Hughes, Elim Man, and John C. Achermann

Introduction 335

Development, Function and Regulation of the Adrenal Gland 336

Adrenal Insufficiency (AI) 353

Adrenal Excess 393

Education, Support and Long‐Term Care 401

10 The Parathyroid and Disorders of Calcium and Bone Metabolism 409
Jeremy Allgrove and Moira Cheung

Introduction 409

Physiology of Calcium and Bone Metabolism 409

Physiology of Bone Metabolism 421

Interactions between Calciotropic Agents 425

Fetal and Neonatal Calcium Metabolism 425

Post‐Neonatal Calcium, Phosphate and Magnesium Metabolism and the Calcium Cascade 426

Clinical Conditions 426

Drugs Used in the Treatment of Disorders of Calcium and Bone Metabolism 467

Summary 470

References 472

Weblinks 479

11 Polyglandular Autoimmune Syndromes 481
Catherine J. Owen, Mario Abinun, Simon H.S. Pearce, and Tim D. Cheetham

Introduction 481

Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Syndrome Type 1 (APS1) 483

Autoimmune Polyendocrinopathy Syndrome Type 2 and Associated Disorders 494

Other Single Gene Disorders Associated with Immune Dysregulation and Autoimmune Endocrinopathies 499

Conclusion 502

References 502

12 Endocrine Neoplasia 507
Constantine A. Stratakis and Emmanouil Saloustros

Thyroid Neoplasia: Nodules and Cancer 507

Paragangliomas and Phaeochromocytomas 511

Adrenocortical Cancers 521

Tumours of the Ovary 524

Tumours of the Testes 528

References 530

13 Endocrine Late Effects of Cancer Treatments 533
Wassim Chemaitilly and Melissa M. Hudson

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Endocrine Late Effects 538

Diagnosis and Management of Common Endocrine Late Effects 546

Summary 550

References 550

Weblinks 552

14 Disorders of Water Balance 553
Natascia Di Iorgi, Flavia Napoli, Giovanni Morana, and Mohamad Maghnie

Regulation of Water Balance 554

Diabetes Insipidus (DI) 558

Central Diabetes Insipidus and Adipsia 572

Primary Polydipsia 572

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus 573

The Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion 573

Management of Central Diabetes Insipidus 573

Treatment of Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus 574

Treatment of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion 574

Challenges 575

Conclusions 575

Clinical Guidelines 575

References 576

15 Diabetes Mellitus 583
G.R. Ambler, F.J. Cameron, K. Joshi, and D.K. Wherrett

Type 1 Diabetes 583

Type 2 Diabetes 626

Cystic Fibrosis‐Related Diabetes 637

Monogenic Forms of Diabetes 639

Rare Forms of Diabetes 647

Living with Diabetes 648

References 649

16 Disorders Associated with Hypoglycaemia in Children 671
Pratik Shah, Emma Footit, and Ritika Kapoor

Introduction 671

Physiology of Blood Glucose Control 672

Role of Gut Hormones in Glucose Homeostasis 673

Metabolic Adaptation to Birth 673

Metabolic Adaptation to Feeding and Fasting 674

The Regulation of Insulin Secretion and Role of K_ATP Channels 675

Definition of Hypoglycaemia 676

Aetiology and Clinical Approach to Hypoglycaemia 678

Investigations for Hypoglycaemia 680

Emergency Management of Hypoglycaemia 682

Causes of Hypoglycaemia 682

17 Obesity 701
Wieland Kiess

Introduction 701

Definitions, Differential Diagnosis, Assessments and Measurements 701

Aetiology of Obesity 703

Common or Multifactorial Obesity and Fetal Programming 705

Neurobiology of Satiety and Hunger 705

Hedonistic Signals and Addiction 706

Behaviour, Hypothalamus and Obesogenic Environment 707

Biology of Adipose Tissue and Adipocytes 707

Microbiota 708

Endocrinology of Obesity 709

Epigenetics 709

Social Inheritance 709

Sociodemographics 710

Nutrition and Malnutrition 710

Physical Activity 711

Sedentary Behaviour 711

Endocrine‐Disrupting Chemicals and Toxicology 711

Media Use 712

Cultural Aspects 712

Evolution 712

Epidemiology 713

Developed Countries 713

Developing Countries 713

Co‐Morbidities and Consequences 713

Social Participation 718

Mortality 719

Health Economics 720

Treatments 720

Microbiota 723

Urban Living 724

Advertising Industries 724

Conclusions 725

Further Reading 726

Weblinks 728

18 Genetic Obesity Syndromes 729
Tinh‐Hai Collet and I. Sadaf Farooqi

Introduction 729

Genetic Contributors to Obesity: The Evidence 729

Genetic Obesity Syndromes: An Overview 730

Obesity with Developmental Delay 730

Obesity without Development Delay 732

Conclusions 734

References 734

Weblinks 736

19 Endocrine Care During Adolescence into Young Adulthood 737
Helena Gleeson

Introduction 737

Adolescence and Young Adulthood 737

Exploratory and Health‐Related Behaviours 740

Addressing Adherence 743

Young People with Endocrine Conditions 744

Conclusion 750

References 751

Index 757

This book presents an overview of the research advances and clinical challenges of the pineal gland. The topics analysed cover a broad spectrum of functions played by the pineal gland and present new information in this area of research. These topics include: the physiology and pathology of skeletal and cardiac muscles; the beneficial actions of melatonin; n3 and n6 essential fatty acids, lipoxygenation and melatonin synthesis; the structure and functions of the fish pineal organ; therapeutical aspects of melatonin in bone marrow and thyroid-associated immune regulation; melatonin as a promising cytoprotective agent against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the liver; therapeutic approaches with melatonin; melatonin and neuroinflammation: encouraging findings vs. fundamental problems; melatonin and aging; pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation; pineal glial cysts: features and clinical significance; melatonin as a modulator of radiosensibility and chemosensibility in cancer, circadian rhythm and melatonin associated with cancer development and treatment.

Description:

Kidney Transplantation, Bioengineering, and Regeneration: Kidney Transplantation in the Regenerative Medicine Era investigates how the field of regenerative medicine is changing the traditional premises of solid organ transplantation, specifically within the field of kidney transplantation. In Section 1, chapters illustrate the state of the art in kidney transplantation as well as the research behind the bioengineering and regeneration of kidney organoids for therapeutic renal replacement.

In Section II, chapters catalog the technologies that are being developed and the methods that are being implemented to bioengineer or regenerate kidneys in order to restore function, while critically highlighting those technological advances which hold the most promise. The book thus encompasses clinical renal transplantation, tissue engineering, biomaterial sciences, stem cell biology, and developmental biology, as they are all applied to the kidney.

• Focuses on the synergy between renal organ transplantation and regenerative medicine, highlighting the advances within transplantation, bioengineering, regeneration, and repair
• Educates the transplant community on important regenerative medicine research pertinent to kidney transplantation
• Develops a shared language for clinicians, surgeons, and basic researchers to reach across the fields of transplantation and regenerative medicine, and facilitate more productive investigation and research
• Catalogs the technologies being developed and methods being implemented to bioengineer or regenerate kidneys to restore function

 

·  Introduction

·  Part I: Kidney Transplantation

·  Section I: Epidemiology of Kidney Disease and Transplantation

·  Chapter 1. Epidemiology of End-Stage Renal Failure: The Burden of Kidney Diseases to Global Health

·  Chapter 2. Transplant Programs Worldwide and the Spanish Miracle

·  Section II: Donor Selection and Allocation

·  Chapter 3. The Deceased Kidney Donor

·  Chapter 4. The Living Donor

·  Chapter 5. Criteria for Kidney Allocation in the United States

·  Chapter 6. Strategies to Increase the Donor Pool

·  Section III: Kidney Preservation and Transplant Procedures

·  Chapter 7. Kidney Preservation

·  Chapter 8. Ex-vivo Normothermic Perfusion in Renal Transplantation

·  Chapter 9. Kidney Transplant Recipient Surgery

·  Chapter 10. Robotic-Assisted Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 11. Orthotopic Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 12. Kidney Transplantation Combined With Other Organs

·  Chapter 13. Pediatric Renal Transplantation

·  Section IV: Kidney Recipient: Before and Peritransplant

·  Chapter 14. Indications for Renal Transplantation: Evaluation of Transplant Candidates

·  Abstract

·  Chapter 15. Early Postoperative ICU Care of the Kidney Transplant Recipient

·  Chapter 16. Approaches to Minimize Delayed Graft Function in Renal Transplantation

·  Section V: Transplantation Immunology and Immunomodulation

·  Chapter 17. Histocompatibility Testing in the Transplant Setting

·  Chapter 18. The Immune Response to the Allograft

·  Chapter 19. Induction Immunosuppression in Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 20. Maintenance Immunosuppression in Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 21. Novel Drugs in Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 22. Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Induction of Allograft Tolerance

·  Chapter 23. Regulatory T Cell Therapy in Transplantation

·  Chapter 24. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Improve Solid Organ Transplant Outcome:

·  Chapter 25. Renal Transplantation Across HLA and ABO Barriers

·  Section VI: Graft Monitoring Tools

·  Chapter 26. Pathology of the Renal Allograft

·  Chapter 27. Imaging-Based Monitoring of the Renal Graft

·  Chapter 28. Immune Monitoring in Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 29. Renal Function Measurements

·  Chapter 30. Pharmacokinetics and Genomics of Immunosuppressive Drugs

·  Chapter 31. Gene Expression Technology Applied to Kidney Transplantation

·  Section VII: Early Posttransplant Immune Events

·  Chapter 32. Acute Cellular Rejection

·  Chapter 33. Acute Antibody-Mediated Rejection

·  Section VIII: Early and Late Complications

·  Chapter 34. Vascular Complications in Renal Transplantation

·  Chapter 35. Infections in Kidney Transplant Recipients

·  Chapter 36. Metabolic Disorders Following Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 37. Cancer After Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 38. Cardiovascular Disease and Renal Transplantation

·  Chapter 39. Graft and Patient Survival

·  Chapter 40. Urological Complications of the Renal Graft

·  Chapter 41. Impact of De Novo Donor-specific Alloantibody in Primary Renal Allografts

·  Chapter 42. De Novo and Recurrence of Renal Disease

·  Section X: Transplant Issues in Specific Patient Groups

·  Chapter 43. Kidney Transplantation in the Elderly

·  Chapter 44. Dual Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 45. Kidney Transplantation in the Diabetic Patient

·  Chapter 46. Kidney Transplantation in the Hepatitis C Infected Recipient

·  Chapter 47. Pregnancy After Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 48. Nutrition of the Kidney Transplant Recipients

·  Section XI: Ethics and Costs

·  Chapter 49. Kidney Transplantation in Developing Countries

·  Chapter 50. Health-Related Quality of Life Outcomes After Kidney Transplantation

·  Chapter 51. Costs of Kidney Transplantation

·  Section XII: Unmet Needs

·  Chapter 52. Kidney Transplantation: Have the Promises Been Kept and Needs Met

·  Chapter 53. Innovations in Kidney Transplant Research

·  Part II: Kidney Bioengineering and Regeneration

·  Section I: Introduction

·  Chapter 54. Converging Organ Transplantation Towards Regenerative Medicine

·  Chapter 55. A Systems Engineering Approach to Restoring Kidney Structure and Function

·  Abstract

·  Section II: Kidney Development

·  Chapter 56. Kidney Development in the Mammal

·  Chapter 57. Renal Branching Morphogenesis

·  Section III: Bioengineering

·  Chapter 58. Principles of Stem Cell Biology Applied to the Kidney

·  Chapter 59. Extracellular Matrix Biology Applied to the Kidney

·  Chapter 60. Interplay Between Growth Factor Receptors, Small GTPases, and Mechanical Stress in the Maintenance of Kidney Glomerular Homeostasis

·  Chapter 61. Bioengineering Approach to Immunomodulation

·  Chapter 62. Principles of Organ Bioengineering

·  Chapter 63. Recellularization of Kidney Scaffold With Stem Cells

·  Section IV: Bioreactors and Biomaterials

·  Chapter 64. Bioreactors for Cell Culture Systems and Organ Bioengineering

·  Chapter 65. Synthetic Biomaterial for Regenerative Medicine Applications

·  Chapter 66. Immune Responses to Biomaterials Used in Renal Engineering

·  Section V: Regeneration

·  Chapter 67. Regeneration of Kidney From Human Reprogrammed Stem Cells

·  Chapter 68. Bioprinting Complex 3D Tissue and Organs

·  Chapter 69. Principles of Kidney Regeneration

·  Chapter 70. Markers of Repair and Regeneration in the Marginal Kidney

·  Chapter 71. Nephron Repair in Mammals and Fish

·  Chapter 72. Imaging of Glomerular Regeneration

·  Chapter 73. Reversibility of Renal Fibrosis

·  Chapter 74. Pharmacological Induction of Kidney Regeneration

·  Chapter 75. Developmental Approaches to Kidney Regeneration

·  Section VI: Adult Cells for Regeneration

·  Chapter 76. Nephron Progenitors

·  Chapter 77. Urine Progenitor Cells for Potential Application in Renal Tissue Repair

·  Chapter 78. Endothelial Progenitor Cells in Kidney Disease

·  Section VII: Cell Therapy For Renal Tissue Repair

·  Chapter 79. Mesenchymal Stromal Cells for Acute Renal Injury

·  Chapter 80. Amniotic Fluid Cells: Kidney Injury and Regeneration

·  Chapter 81. Renal Cells From Spermatogonial Germline Stem Cells for Protection Against Kidney Injury

·  Chapter 82. Kidney-on-a-Chip: Technologies for Studying Pharmacological and Therapeutic Approaches to Kidney Repair

·  Chapter 83. Renal Replacement Devices

·  Chapter 84. Xenotransplantation and Kidney Regenerative Technology

·  Chapter 85. Embryonic Organoid Transplantation

·  Chapter 86. Lineage Reprogramming Toward Kidney Regeneration

·  Chapter 87. Regenerating Kidney Structure and Function: An Industry Perspective

 

 

 

Now in its third edition, Osteoporosis, is the most comprehensive, authoritative reference on this disease. Written by renowned experts in the field, this two-volume reference is a must-have for academic and medical libraries, physicians, researchers, and any company involved in osteoporosis research and development. Worldwide, 200 million women between 60-80 suffer from osteoporosis and have a lifetime risk of fracture between 30 and 40 % continuing to make osteoporosis a hot topic in medicine.

 A much-needed comprehensive resource, Endocrine Pathology covers clinical, radiologic, biochemical, molecular, cytogenetic, immunologic and histopathologic aspects of endocrine disorders, including the full spectrum of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions. The first section of the book provides an overview of the clinical presentations of endocrine diseases, while the second section reviews the wide variety of investigative techniques used in their diagnosis. The third and largest section provides a comprehensive tissue- and organ-based approach to the diagnosis of endocrine disorders, including morphologic, genetic and proteomic features with clinicopathologic correlations. All chapters are richly illustrated with numerous color images, tables and algorithms, and the book is packaged with a password, giving the user online access to all text and images. Written and edited by the world's leading experts, this comprehensive and up-to-date book is the definitive resource on endocrine pathology for all pathologists, endocrinologists and researchers.

 

o    Highlights advances in laboratory technology and new concepts in the molecular basis of endocrine diseases, allowing readers to understand and adopt modern approaches to the diagnosis and management of endocrine disorders

o    Integrates numerous illustrations, tables, algorithms, charts and high-quality color images, all of which are available to the reader in both print and electronic formats

o    Provides a definite review of the evolving landscape of endocrine pathology practice, illustrating the role of the pathologist in the multidisciplinary medical team

 

Table of Contents

 

List of contributors
Preface
Part I. Clinical Approaches:
1. Clinical presentations of endocrine diseases Karen Gomez Hernandez and Shereen Ezzat
2. Familial endocrine tumor syndromes Charalampos Lyssikatos, Fabio R. Faucz and Constantine A. Stratakis
3. Immunologic basis of endocrine diseases Shawn Winer, Hubert Tsui, and Daniel Winer
Part II. Investigative Techniques:
4. Biochemical testing Paul M. Yip, Karen Gomez-Hernandez, and Shereen Ezzat
5. Radiologic imaging Artur Salmaslioglu, Baris Bakir, M. Gulbiz Dagoglu Kartal, Michael Chan, Juan Pablo Cruz, Walter Kucharczyk, Eugene Yu, and Karen Gulenchyn
6. Cytologic assessment Scott L. Boerner
7. Intraoperative consultations Ozgur Mete and Sylvia L. Asa
8. Morphology and immunohistochemistry Robert Osamura
9. Cytogenetic testing methods Hong Wang and Cuihong Wei
10. Experimental models of endocrine diseases Toru Tateno and Tae Nakano-Tateno
Part III. Anatomical Endocrine Pathology:
11. The brain as an endocrine organ (including the pineal gland) M. Beatriz S. Lopes, Sugoto Mukherjee, Michael A. Reardon, and Carrie A. Mohila
12. The pituitary gland Sylvia L. Asa and Ozgur Mete
13. Thyroid Vania Nosé, Ana Carolina de Jesus, Ozgur Mete, Sylvia L. Asa, Marco Volante, Mauro Papotti and Darcy Kerr
14. Parathyroid gland Lori A. Erickson
15. Adrenal cortex Kai Duan, Thomas J. Giordano and Ozgur Mete
16. Adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia Lindsey Oudijk, Ronald R. de Krijger, Karel Pacak, and Arthur S. Tischler
17. Endocrine lesions of the gastrointestinal tract Stefano Serra
18. The endocrine pancreas Stefano Serra, Frediano Inzani and Guido Rindi
19. Liver in endocrine disease Oyedele A. Adeyi and Sandra E. Fischer
20. Pulmonary, thymic and mediastinal neuroendocrine lesions Mauro Papotti, Sylvie Lantuejoul, Giulio Rossi, and Marco Volante
21. The kidney in endocrine disease Clariss Cassol and Carmen Avila-Casado
22. Endocrine aspects of the male genitourinary system Michelle Downes
23. Endocrine lesions in the mammary gland Tadao Nakazawa and Tetsuo Kondo
24. The placenta N. J. Sebire and A. R. Bamber
25. The gynecologic tract – neuroendocrine tumors and ovarian tumors with endocrine association Marjan Rouzbahman and Blaise Clarke
26. Skin manifestations in endocrine diseases Karen A. Naert, Nadya Al-Faraidy, Ayman Al-Habeeb, Danny Ghazarian, Cuyan Demirkesen and Can Baykal
27. Cardiovascular system in endocrine disease Pooja Singhal and Jagdish Butany
28. Soft tissue in endocrine disease Brendan Dickson
29. Bone in endocrine disease Brendan Dickson, David Goltzman and Richard Kremer
30. The approach to metastatic endocrine tumors of unknown primary site Sara Hafezi-Bakthiari and Ozgur Mete
Index.

The International Textbook of Diabetes Mellitus has been a successful, well-respected medical textbook for almost 20 years, over 3 editions. Encyclopaedic and international in scope, the textbook covers all aspects of diabetes ensuring a truly multidisciplinary and global approach. Sections covered include epidemiology, diagnosis, pathogenesis, management and complications of diabetes and public health issues worldwide. It incorporates a vast amount of new data regarding the scientific understanding and clinical management of this disease, with each new edition always reflecting the substantial advances in the field. Whereas other diabetes textbooks are primarily clinical with less focus on the basic science behind diabetes, ITDM's primary philosophy has always been to comprehensively cover the basic science of metabolism, linking this closely to the pathophysiology and clinical aspects of the disease. Edited by four world-famous diabetes specialists, the book is divided into 13 sections, each section edited by a section editor of major international prominence. As well as covering all aspects of diabetes, from epidemiology and pathophysiology to the management of the condition and the complications that arise, this fourth edition also includes two new sections on NAFLD, NASH and non-traditional associations with diabetes, and clinical trial evidence in diabetes. This fourth edition of an internationally recognised textbook will once again provide all those involved in diabetes research and development, as well as diabetes specialists with the most comprehensive scientific reference book on diabetes available.

• Revises and expands on classic earlier editions, providing a comprehensive text on diabetes mellitus
• Covers all major topics including glucose metabolism, diagnosis and epidemiology, genetics, management and prevention
• Provides a global perspective on diabetes mellitus, diabetic syndromes and related disorders
• Delivers expertise in diabetes research and treatment, edited by a leading figure in the field

About this Reference Work

The third edition of this important work is a timely update to the comprehensive textbook first published in 2002 and reissued in a second edition in 2010. The past few years have witnessed major developments in our understanding of diabetes and in therapeutic approaches to this disease and its numerous complications. Thus, all chapters have been significantly revised and updated with current evidence and best practices, and four brand new chapters are included, discussing the potential role of vitamin D in the pathogenesis of diabetes, peculiarities of diabetes in the elderly, oral manifestations of diabetes, and the current state of bariatric surgery.

Written by an international group of experts and carefully edited by a leading authority on the subject, Principles of Diabetes Mellitus, Third Edition is an invaluable resource for researchers and physicians of all specialties, as well as medical students and investigators of all aspects of diabetes, who deal with an illness that has reached epidemic proportions.