Description: Innovations in technology have hugely enhanced the diagnostic capabilities of today’s practising clinicians. Yet the traditional art of detecting clinical signs through expert examination techniques remains a fundamental competence for training and practising clinicians, central to the delivery of safe and effective patient care. This first edition of Macleod’s Essential Examination provides an innovative, concise account of each body system examination, delivering the information in a compact, portable format for use at home and in the clinical environment. It can be used in conjunction with the more extensive and hugely successful ‘parent’ textbook Macleod’s Clinical Examination, with which it is closely integrated, or as a stand-alone aide-memoire. This quick-reference, highly practical guide will assist in preparation for OSCEs and in clinical practice. Each chapter follows a consistent format, opening with typical OSCE scenarios followed by a concise ‘point by point’ examination template. This is then expanded with a detailed description of each aspect of the examination process, including specific instructions around technique and information about key clinical signs to consider. Exam tips are also provided, along with typical questions likely to be asked during an OSCE. Answers are given are at the end of each chapter, making it an invaluable resource for both self-assessment and in peer-to-peer learning.
Features:
The book provides a standardised framework for examination of all the major body systems. Using a novel tabular approach the book provides a clear set of guidelines on what to do at each stage of the clinical examination. It also reminds the reader what are the corresponding key points to think about and sets out associated exam tips. The exam tips are subsequently linked to potential examiner’s questions. Each system ends with a reminder of how to present the findings and relevant tips to maximise your success.
Table Of Contents:
Examination of the cardiovascular system Examination of the respiratory system Examination of the gastrointestinal system Examination of the neurological system Examination of the musculoskeletal system Examination of the endocrine system Examination of the reproductive system Examination in paediatrics Examination of the critically ill patient Examination of the poisoned patient Examination of the psychiatric patient OSCE classic cases Examination and death Index of diagnoses

 

 

Now in its tenth edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine has been fully revised, with five new authors on the writing team bringing content fresh from the bedside.

Space has been breathed into the design, with more core material at your fingertips in quick-reference lists and flow diagrams, and key references have been honed to the most up-to-date and relevant. Each page has been updated to reflect the latest changes in practice and best management, and the chapters on gastroenterology, history and examination, infectious disease, neurology, and radiology have been extensively revised.

Unique among medical texts, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine is a complete and concise guide to the core areas of medicine that also encourages thinking about the world from the patient's perspective, offering a holistic, patient-centred approach.

Loved and trusted by millions for over three decades, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine continues to be a truly indispensable companion for the practice of modern medicine.

As per the directives from Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, the National Board of Examinations (NBE) would be conducting a computer-based multiple choice questions (MCQs) examination. Candidates appearing for DM (Endocrinology) Entrance Examinations would be expected to answer 40% questions from the feeder specialty and 60% questions would be in Endocrinology. This book is aimed to give students an idea of the kind of questions that they might expect/anticipate in the examinations. Based on the pattern of NEET DM Endocrinology entrance examination. Presented in an easy to read layout. Divided into 25 chapters as per the pattern. Concise answers and explanations. References from standard textbooks. Useful diagrams and tables are incorporated.

 

Description: For over half a century Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine has informed and educated students, doctors and other health professionals all over the world, providing a comprehensive account of the practice of medicine. Davidson’s Essentials of Medicine provides the core content of the main textbook in a condensed format which will be invaluable whenever you are on the move - whether commuting, travelling between training sites, or on electives.
Features:
This book provides a distillation of the core information required for clinical studies in medicine. While retaining the acclaimed readability of the main textbook it presents the key information in a format more appropriate for practical clinical work. The scope of the contents was carefully selected by a team of junior doctors, emphasising only the topics that will be essential for clinical studies. The text draws directly on the depth and breadth of experience of the Davidson’s authors and its International Advisory Board.
New To This Edition:
Updated to include key changes and new illustrations included in Davidson’s Principles and Practice of Medicine. New chapters on Acute Medicine and Ophthalmology
Table Of Contents:
Poisons, toxicology and envenomation Acute medicine and critical illness Infectious diseases Clinical biochemistry and metabolism Kidney and urinary tract disease Cardiovascular disease Respiratory disease Endocrine disease Nutrition and disease Diabetes mellitus Alimentary tract and pancreatic disease Liver and biliary tract disease Blood disease Rheumatology and bone disease Neurological disease Medical ophthalmology Skin disease Ageing and disease Reference ranges

 

Fully updated and revised for its second edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Examination and Practical Skills is the only truly comprehensive pocket guide to all aspects of history taking, physical examination, practical procedures, data interpretation, and communication skills. Packed with expert knowledge and practical guidance it gives realistic advice on coping with common situations. The handbook is structured to allow rapid reference of key information, and to aid understanding with concise and practical clinical guidance. Full colour throughout, it includes over 140 detailed photographs and diagrams of all common examination skills to show you exactly what you need to do and the theory, practice and complications for each. More photos have been included, with over half completely new and specially produced for this edition. Each system chapter covers applied anatomy, history, examination, and the presentation of common and important disorders. Data interpretation covers the basics of x-rays, ECGs and other key areas. A new chapter on the eyes is included along with the sections on body language and non-verbal communication, and the section on practical procedures has been expanded. This handbook will help to ensure you have the confidence and skill to carry out an 'A' grade examination every time.

 

Description: Medical curricula change continually to reflect the evolving roles of doctors, changes in treatments and advances in technology. Medicine moves at pace and it takes a practitioner committed to continuing professional development to keep up. This new edition of 250 Cases in Clinical Medicine has been thoroughly updated to reflect the changing form of the Royal College of Physicians’ curriculum. Some chapters from the previous edition have been dropped to allow new, more clinically relevant topics to be included. Chapters of symptom-based cases have also been added, as well as a section on acute medical problems and their management. Essential reading for MBBS, PLAB, MRCP (UK), MRCPI, MD (New Zealand, Malaysia, Singapore, India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh), FRACP, FCCP and postgraduate medical examinations in the USA including USMLE and ABIM.
New To This Edition:
New author team Cases alphabetised by system Procedures for the core medical curriculum added Symptoms-based cases added Emergency presentations added Self-assessment by system added Accompanying e-book on StudentConsult Now in full colour
Table Of Contents:
Respiratory system Introduction to section Asthma Bronchiectasis Collapsed lung Consolidation COPD Cor Pulmonale Cystic Fibrosis Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Lung Cancer Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Old tuberculosis Pleural Effusion Pleural Rub Pneumothorax Abdomen Introduction to section Ascites Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia Cirrhosis of the liver Felty's Syndrome Haemochromatosis Hepatomegaly Jaundice Polycistic Kidney Disease Primary Biliary Cirrhosis Splenomegaly Transplanted Kidney Unilateral palpable kidney Wilson's Disease Cardiovascular system Introduction to section Absent Radial Pulse Aortic Regurgitation Aortic stenosis Atrial septal defect Coarctation of the Aorta Constrictive Pericarditis Dextrocardia Ebstein's Anomaly Eisenmenger Syndrome Fallot's Tetralogy Gallop Rhythm Congestive Cardiac Failure Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Jugular Venous Pulse Mitral Regurgitation Mitral Stenosis Mitral valve prolapse Mixed Aortic Valve Lesion Mixed Mitral and Aortic Valve Disease Mixed Mitral Valve Disease Patent Ductus Arteriosus Pericardial Rub Prosthetic Heart Valves Pulmonary Stenosis Slow Pulse Rate Tricuspid Regurgitation Ventricular Septal Defect Neurology Introduction to section Abnormal gait Argyll Robertson pupil Becker Muscular Dystrophy Bilateral Spastic Paraplegia Bitemporal Hemianopia Brown-sequard syndrome Bulbar Palsy Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Cauda Equina Syndrome Central Scotoma Cerebellar Dysarthria Cerebellar Syndrome Cerebellopontine Angle Tumour Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Chorea Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy Deformity of a lower limb Dermatomyositis Expressive Dysphasia Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy Friederich's Ataxia Gullian-Barre Syndrome Hemiballismus Hemiplegia Homonymous Hemianopia Internuclear Opthalmoplegia Jerky Nystagmus Limb Girdle Dystrophy Motor Neurone Disease Multiple Sclerosis Multiple System Atrophy Myasthenia Gravis Myotonia Congenita Myotonic Dystrophy Neurofibromatosis Parkinson's Disease Peripheral Neuropathy Proximal Myopathy Pseudobulbar Palsy Ptosis and Horner Syndrome Radial Nerve Palsy Seventh Nerve Palsy Sixth Nerve Palsy Speech Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Spinal Cord Syringomyelia Tabes Dorsalis Tetraplegia Third Cranial Nerve Palsy Tremors Tunnel Vision Ulnar Nerve Palsy Wallenberg Syndrome Wasting of the small muscle of the hands Winging of the Scapula Rheumatology Introduction to section Ankylosing Spondylitis Charcots Arthropathy Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Gout Osteoarthritis Painful Knee Joint Psoriatic Arthritis Rheumatoid Hands Still's Disease Dermatology Acanthosis Nigricans Acne Vulgaris Alopecia Areata Arterial Leg Ulcer Arteriovenous Fistula Atopic Dermatitis Bullous Eruption Dermatitis Herpetiformis Eruptive Xanthomas Erythema Ab Igne Erythema Multiforme Erythema Nodosum Fungal Nail Disease Hairy Leukoplakia Henoch-Schonlein Purpura Hereditary Haemorrhagic Telangiectasia Herpes Simplex Herpes Zoster Syndrome (Shingles) Ichthyosis Kaposi's Sarcoma Lichen Planus Lichen Simplex Lipodystrophy Lupus Pernio Maculopapular Rash Malignant Melanoma Molluscum Contagiosum Mycosis Fungoides Nail Changes Necrobiosis Lipoidica Onycholysis Palmar Xanthomas Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome Phlebitis Migrans Pseudoxanthoma Elasticum Psoriasis Purpura Pyoderma Gangrenosum Raynaud's Phenomenon Rosacea Scleroderma Seborrhoeic Dermatitis Sturge-Weber Syndrome Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Tuberous Sclerosis Urticaria Urticaria Pigmentosa Venous Ulcer Vitiligo Xanthelasma Xanthoma The Eye Introduction to section Age Related Macular Degeneration Cataracts Cholesterol Embolus Diabetic Retinopathy Hypertensive Retinopathy Optic Atrophy Osteogenesis Imperfecta Papilloedema Retinal detachment Retinal vein occlusion Retinitis pigmentosa Subhyaloid Haemorrhage Vitreous opacities Endocrinology Introduction to section Acromegaly Addison Disease Carcinoid Syndrome Cushing Syndrome Diabetic Foot Graves Disease Gynaecomastia Hypopituitarism Hypothyroidism Multinodular Goitre Obesity Post Thyroidectomy Hypoparathyroidism Pretibial Myxoedema Thyroid Orbitopathy Type 2 diabetes mellitus Self Assessment cases Respiratory case Abdominal case Cardiology case Neurology case Rheumatology case Dermatology case Eye case Endocrinology case Miscellaneous and symptom based cases - Core Medical Curriculum Introduction to section Emergency presentations Abdominal mass Anxiety Back Pain Breathlessness Bruising Cellulitis Chest Pain Collapse Confusion Cough Crohn's disease Diarrhoea Dysuria and Haematuria Falls Fever Haemoptysis Headache Hypertension Hypokalaemia/Hyperkalaemia Hyponatraemia/Hypernatraemia Lymphadenopathy Melaena Memory Problems Micturition Difficulties Neck Pain Oedema Palpitations Poisoning Pruritis Seizures Speech disturbance Swallowing difficulties Swollen leg Syncope The postoperative patient The pregnant patient Unsteadiness Weight loss Core medical Procedures Central line insertion Chest drain insertion Direct current cardioversion Knee arthrocentesis Lumbar puncture Therapeutic Abdominal Paracentesis

 

Internal or general medicine is the medical specialty dealing with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adult diseases. This second edition provides clinicians and trainees with a complete guide to internal medicine. Divided into 28 sections, the first part of the book is dedicated to the diagnosis and management of cardiac conditions. The second part covers respiratory and pulmonary disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, neurologic disorders, renal conditions and endocrine disorders. The book has been fully revised with new topics added to provide the latest advances in the field. Each chapter examines the pathophysiology and techniques for accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Authored by a recognised, Ottawa-based expert in the field, the new edition features clinical photographs, illustrations and tables to enhance learning. Key points Comprehensive guide to the latest advances in internal medicine Fully revised, second edition covering numerous disorders in different systems of the body Authored by recognised Ottawa-based expert in the field Previous edition (9780812116021) published in 1994

 Now revised for its third edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Diagnosis provides a concise and practical summary of the reasoning processes behind clear and confident diagnosis. The handbook is set out systematically with symptoms and signs through each specialty, and includes a detailed description of the basis of logical evidence-based differential diagnosis. 
This new edition has been updated with clearer diagrams and brand new images. Including rarer diagnoses alongside the common conditions, and vital information about longer-term management alongside the initial treatments, this handbook will ensure your excellence and confidence no matter what signs and symptoms your patient presents with. Providing practical help when dealing with problems outside your area of expertise or with unforeseen situations, you can be sure that this handbook will be your perfect companion to clear and confident diagnoses throughout your medical career.

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection spread through inhaling tiny droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected person. It mainly affects the lungs, but it can affect any part of the body, including the abdomen, glands, bones and nervous system (NHS Choices). Part of the Clinical Focus series, this book is a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis and treatment of this serious condition. Beginning with an introduction to the microbiology and epidemiology of the disease, the following chapters provide in depth coverage of the clinical assessment, diagnostic techniques, and management options for different strains of tuberculosis. Each chapter is highly illustrated with tables and images to enhance the detailed text. Edited by recognised specialists from Belgrade, Serbia, the new volume in this series includes contributions from highly experienced clinicians throughout the world. Key Points Comprehensive guide to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis Part of the Clinical Focus series Highly illustrated with tables and images Internationally recognised editor and author team

 

Coordonatorii editiei in limba romana: Prof. Dr. Corin Badiu si Prof. Dr. Cristian Baicus

Unic printre textele medicale, Manualul Oxford de Medicina Clinica (ediția a zecea) reprezinta un material complet si concis pentru specializarile principale ale medicinei si ofera o abordare holistica, centrata pe pacient. Editia a zecea prezinta informatii-cheie actualizate, iar capitolele privind gastroenterologia, bolile infectioase, neurologia si radiologia au fost complet revizuite. Abordarea tematica se suprapune cu evaluarea clasica a fiecarui caz: anamneza si examenul obiectiv, apoi descrierea patologiei pe aparate si sisteme, cu exemple, scheme, tabele si imagini, care aduc valoare practicii medicale.

Apreciat de medici de peste trei decenii, Manualul Oxford de Medicina Clinica continua sa fie un ghid cu adevarat indispensabil pentru practica medicinei moderne.

 Prefata la editia in limba romana

„Pornind de la prima pagina, medicul cu experienta sau in formare descopera un nou prieten: o carte sintetizată, bine organizată tematic, atractiva, care expune intr-o combinatie unica elementele de detaliu privind diagnosticul si tratamentul. Sistematizata in 19 capitole, manualul porneste de la un scurt istoric filozofic al domeniului, luand in discutie repere majore ale filozofiei medicale, dar si aspecte etice importante. Principiile medicinei bazate pe dovezi si ale statisticii medicale fac parte din acelasi capitol initial.

Abordarea tematica se suprapune cu evaluarea clasica a fiecarui caz: anamneză si examenul obiectiv, apoi descrierea patologiei pe aparate si sisteme, cu exemple, scheme, tabele si imagini, care aduc valoare practicii medicale.

Temele speciale sunt evidentiate prin casete specifice, la care se face trimitere ori de cate ori este necesar. Realizate excelent din punct de vedere grafic, imaginile sunt foarte sugestive, intregind armonios informatia din text si tabele. Manualul include informatii de ultima ora, foarte bine structurate in tabele si algoritmi, care ofera practicianului un sprijin permanent in decizia medicala. Din loc in loc se regasesc istorioare din viata curenta a practicianului sau repere istorice ale domeniului, care fac lectura captivanta.

Traducerea carții Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine a beneficiat de implicarea unui grup de specialisti entuziasti, care au adaptat informatiile la terminologia clasica romaneasca, realizand un text fluent, atractiv si precis. Multumim tuturor celor care au dedicat timp si energie pentru a face posibila aparitia acestui manual in limba romana.

Sunt convins ca acest volum reprezinta un instrument util atat pentru medicul cu experiența, cat si pentru cel aflat la inceputul carierei, fiecare gasind deopotrivă un prieten de nadejde în Manualul Oxford de Medicina Clinica.

Va dorim lectura placuta!

Prof. Dr. Corin Badiu”

Cuprins:

Conținutul fiecarui capitol este detaliat pe pagina dedicata acestuia.

Prefata la editia in limba romană si la editia a X-a vi

Mulțumiri vii

Simboluri si abrevieri viii

1 Cugetari medicale 0

2 Istoric si examinare 40

3 Patologie cardiovasculara 110

4 Pneumologie 182

5 Endocrinologie 224

6 Gastroenterologie 266

7 Nefrologie 324

8 Hematologie 364

9 Boli infectioase 424

10 Neurologie 506

11 Oncologie si ingrijiri paliative 580

12 Reumatologie 606

13 Chirurgie 636

14 Biochimie clinică 742

15 Sindroame eponime 774

16 Radiologie 800

17 Intervale de referintă si alte aspecte 832

18 Proceduri practice 840

19 Urgente 860

20 Referinte 936

Scorul de avertizare timpurie 952

Stopul cardiac 954

 

 

NOT YET PUBLISHED -12/04/2021

 

Description:   For more than 30 years, the highly regarded Secrets Series® has provided students and practitioners in all areas of health care with concise, focused, and engaging resources for quick reference and exam review. Physical Diagnosis Secrets, 3rd Edition, offers practical, up-to-date coverage of the full range of essential topics in physical diagnosis and health assessment. This highly regarded resource features the Secrets’ popular question-and-answer format that also includes lists, tables, pearls, memory aids, and an easy-to-read style - making inquiry, reference, and review quick, easy, and enjoyable.
Table Of Contents:
Top 100 Secrets 1. General Appearance, Facies, and Body Habitus 2. Vital Signs 3. The Skin 4. The Eye 5. The Ear 6. Nose and Mouth 7. The Neck 8. The Thyroid 9. The Breast 10. The Cardiovascular Exam 11. Heart Sounds and Extra Sounds 12. Heart Murmurs 13. Chest Inspection, Palpation, and Percussion 14. Lung Auscultation 15. The Abdomen 16. Male Genitalia, Hernias, and Rectal Exam 17. Female Genitalia and the Pelvis 18. Lymph Nodes 19. The Neurologic System 20. The Musculoskeletal System 21. The Extremities and Peripheral Vascular System

 

50 Studies Every Internist Should Know presents key studies that shape today's practice of internal medicine. Selected using a rigorous methodology, the studies cover topics including: preventative medicine, endocrinology, hematology and oncology, musculoskeletal diseases, nephrology, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, cardiology, pulmonology, geriatrics and palliative care, and mental health. For each study, a concise summary is presented with an emphasis on the results and limitations of the study, and its implications for practice. An illustrative clinical case concludes each review, followed by brief information on other relevant studies. This book is a must-read for health care professionals and anyone who wants to learn more about the data behind clinical practice.

 

 

Description: This classic textbook aims to assist clinicians develop the consultation skills required to elicit a clear history, and the practical skills needed to detect clinical signs of disease. Where possible, the physical basis of clinical signs is explained to aid understanding. Formulation of a differential diagnosis from the information gained is introduced, and the logical initial investigations are included for each system.

Features:

The first part of the book addresses the general principles of good interaction with patients, from the basics of taking a history and examining, to the use of pattern recognition to identify spot diagnoses. The second part documents the relevant history, examination and investigations for all the major body systems. The third part illustrates the application of these skills to specific clinical situations. The final part covers preparation for assessments of clinical skills and the use of these skills in everyday practice. The book has accompanying videos demonstrating many of the key clinical examination routines as set out in the book.

New To This Edition:

A new editorial team has undertaken a substantial review of the book’s contents and with the help of many new authors has radically revised the order and approach of the text. Several new chapters have been created including a chapter on patients with mental disorders; a chapter covering the approach to a deteriorating patient; a chapter on assessment of patients towards the end of life and two new chapters on applying the key clinical skills during assessments and in practice. The structure of the text has been rationalised with careful use of boxes, tables and figures to set out the concepts for maximum clarity.

 

A comprehensive book for all kinds of modern medicine doctors, especially for those who work as generalists (General Medicine, Family Medicine) and those who use clinical skill optimally in medical practice. Aims to enrich basic skills of diagnosis and management. Based on problem-oriented approach. Topics are presented systematically for quick reference. Makes the clinical diagnosis easy with less of investigation. Focuses on wider spectrum of readers. Companion reference book for Interns, General Practitioners, Family Doctors, General Physicians and healthcare providers with a holistic attitude toward patient care.

 

Description: Understand and correctly use all the latest terminology in today’s ever-evolving medical field with the 32nd Edition of the comprehensive, highly respected Dorland’s Illustrated Medical Dictionary! Thoroughly updated, this user-friendly reference—trusted for more than a century by healthcare personnel at every professional level—allows you to grasp the meanings of all medical terms in current usage. It delivers more total entries than in any other dictionary of its kind, including several thousand new words, as well as 500 new illustrations to aid your understanding. Plus, with the bonus CD-ROM, you can listen to 35,000 audio pronunciations! And you can consult the dictionary anytime, anywhere online with free access to www.Dorlands.com. Easily stay up with the changing terminology in your field by depending on Dorland’s—the most reliable medical dictionary available today!

Features:

Enhance your understanding of all the current medical terminology in your field by relying on the most comprehensive and highly respected medical dictionary, bringing you more than 120,000 well-defined entries and 1500 clear illustrations. Listen to 35,000 audio pronunciations. Search www.Dorlands.com on the Internet anytime, anywhere for all of the language integral to contemporary medicine.

New To This Edition:

Make sure you’re familiar with the very latest medical terms used today with more than 5,500 new entries drawn from current sources. Complement your understanding of new words and ideas in medicine with 500 new illustrations Get more information in a smaller amount of space as the revised entry format includes related parts of speech.

 

 NU este in stoc. Date Available: 09/04/2021

Description:

 

Featuring hundreds of high-quality Netter illustrations alongside modern diagnostic images, Netter’s Integrated Review of Medicine: Pathogenesis to Treatment provides concise, visual overviews of the basic science and mechanisms of disease. The integrated approach to underlying principles helps students and clinicians understand why best practices, evidence, and guidelines make sense in the context of diagnosis and treatment. Short, to-the-point chapters focus on common clinical situations and bridge the gap between basic science summaries and the clinical thought process.

 

Table of Contents:

 

Section 1 Common Symptoms

Chapter 1 Headache

Introduction

Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 2 Dizziness

Introduction

Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 3 Cough

Introduction

Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 4 Sore Throat

Introduction

Evaluation

Diagnosis and Management

Chapter 5 Syncope

Introduction

Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis and Management

Chapter 6 Chest Pain

Introduction

Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis and Management

Chapter 7 Dyspnea

Introduction

Differential Diagnosis

Evaluation

Chapter 8 Nausea and Vomiting

Introduction

Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis and Management

Chapter 9 Jaundice

Introduction

Differential Diagnosis

Evaluation

Diagnosis and Management

Chapter 10 Abdominal Pain

Introduction

Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis and Management

Chapter 11 Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Introduction

Evaluation

Management

Chapter 12 Constipation

Introduction

Evaluation and Diagnosis

Treatment (Table 12.1)

Chapter 13 Diarrhea

Introduction

Acute Diarrhea

Acute Diarrhea: Evaluation

Acute Diarrhea: Treatment

Chronic Diarrhea

Chapter 14 Hematuria

Introduction

Etiology

Evaluation and Diagnosis

Chapter 15 Joint Pain

Introduction

Evaluation

General Management

Section 2 Common Examination Findings

Chapter 16 Altered Mental Status

Introduction

Initial Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 17 Fever

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Etiologies

Evaluation

Diagnosis

Management

Chapter 18 Shock

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 19 Hypertensive Crisis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Evaluation and Diagnosis

Management

Chapter 20 Tachycardia

Introduction

Etiologies

Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Chapter 21 Bradycardia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 22 Cardiac Murmurs

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Evaluation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 23 Hypoxemia

Introduction

Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 24 Adventitial Lung Sounds

Introduction

Examination Findings

Evaluation of Adventitial Lung Sounds

Chapter 25 Ascites

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Etiologies

Evaluation/Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis

Management

Chapter 26 Lower Extremity Edema

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Section 3 Common Abnormalities in Blood Tests

Chapter 27 Hyponatremia and Hypernatremia

Hyponatremia

Hypernatremia

Chapter 28 Hyperkalemia and Hypokalemia

Introduction

Hyperkalemia (Table 28.1)

Hypokalemia (Table 28.2)

Chapter 29 Hypercalcemia and Hypocalcemia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Hypercalcemia

Hypocalcemia

Chapter 30 Acute Kidney Injury

Introduction

Criteria

Etiology

Clinical Features

Chapter 31 Acid-Base Disturbances

Introduction

Types of Acid-Base Disorders and Compensation

Identifying the Acid-Base Disorder

Common Causes of Acid-Base Disorders

Chapter 32 Anemia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Diagnostic Approach

Chapter 33 Thrombocytopenia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Chapter 34 Abnormal Coagulation Studies

Introduction

Extrinsic Coagulation Cascade

Common Coagulation Cascade

Intrinsic Coagulation Cascade

Cell-Based Model of Hemostasis and Coagulation

Coagulation Tests

Approach to a Patient With Prolongation of the PT and/or aPPT

Chapter 35 Abnormal Liver Function Tests

Introduction

Evaluation and Diagnosis

Chapter 36 Elevated Troponin

History of Diagnostic Testing

Background and Pathophysiology

Differential Diagnosis

Diagnosis

Section 4 Performance and Interpretation of Common Tests and Procedures

Chapter 37 Urinalysis

Introduction

Dipstick

Sediment Analysis and Microscopy (Fig. 37.2)

Chapter 38 Electrocardiogram (ECG)

Introduction

Basic Principles: Paper and Leads

ECG Tracing and Related Physiology of the Conduction System

Systematic Approach to Interpreting the ECG

Chapter 39 Chest Radiography

Introduction

Technique

Key Diagnoses

Chapter 40 Peripheral Blood Smear

Introduction

Slide Preparation

Slide Examination

RBC Examination

Platelet Examination

WBC Examination

Chapter 41 CT Scan of the Head

Introduction

CT Technique

Head CT

Key Diagnoses

Chapter 42 CT Scan of the Chest

Image Contrast

Key Diagnoses

Chapter 43 CT Scan of the Abdomen and Pelvis

Oral/Enteric Contrast

Radiation in CT

Key Diagnoses

Chapter 44 Abdominal Ultrasound

Introduction

Key Structures

Chapter 45 Endoscopy and Colonoscopy

Overview

Indications

Complications

Preparation

Related Procedures

Chapter 46 Pulmonary Function Tests (PFTs)

Introduction

Indications

Contraindications

Procedure

Interpretation

Chapter 47 Mechanical Ventilation

Introduction

Indications

Initiation

Complications

Basic Ventilator Management

Chapter 48 Echocardiography

Introduction

Basic Principles

Indications

Common Cardiac Windows

Findings

Chapter 49 Arterial Blood Gas

Introduction

Indications

Complications

Procedure

Additional Tests

Chapter 50 Central Venous Catheterization

Overview and Indications

Contraindications

Sites of Insertion

Procedure (Internal Jugular Vein Approach)

Complications

Chapter 51 Lumbar Puncture

Introduction

Indications

Complications

Procedure

Postprocedure Analysis

Chapter 52 Thoracentesis

Overview

Contraindications

Procedure

Complications

Diagnostic Testing

Chapter 53 Paracentesis

Introduction

Complications

Procedure

Diagnostic Testing

Chapter 54 Renal Replacement Therapy

Introduction

Forms of Dialysis

Dialysis Access

Section 5 Cardiovascular Diseases

Chapter 55 Cardiovascular System Anatomy Review

Histology of the Heart

Cardiac Conduction

Cardiac Chambers

Valves

Coronary Arteries

Vascular Anatomy

Chapter 56 Cardiovascular System Physiology Review

Introduction

The Cardiac Cycle

Electrophysiology

Hemodynamics

Chapter 57 Coronary Artery Disease and Stable Angina

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation and Evaluation

Treatment

Chapter 58 Acute Coronary Syndromes

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 59 Heart Failure

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis and Evaluation

Treatment

Chapter 60 Atrial Fibrillation

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 61 Pericarditis and Pericardial Effusions

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 62 Aortic Stenosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 63 Mitral Regurgitation

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 64 Aortic Dissection

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 65 Aortic Aneurysm

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Management

Chapter 66 Hypertension

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 67 Hyperlipidemia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Section 6 Endocrine Diseases

Chapter 68 Pancreas Anatomy and Physiology Review

Anatomy

Exocrine Pancreas

Endocrine Pancreas

Regulation of Metabolism

Chapter 69 Diabetes Mellitus

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 70 Diabetic Ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State

Chapter 71 Thyroid and Parathyroid Glands Anatomy and Physiology Review

Thyroid Gland

Parathryoid Glands

Chapter 72 Hypothyroidism

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 73 Hyperthyroidism and Thyrotoxicosis

Introduction

Etiologies and Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 74 Hyperparathyroidism

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 75 Osteoporosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 76 Adrenal Glands Anatomy and Physiology Review

Introduction

Mineralocorticoids

Glucocorticoids

Adrenal Androgens

Catecholamines

Chapter 77 Cushing Syndrome

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 78 Adrenal Insufficiency

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 79 Adrenal Masses

Introduction

Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Chapter 80 Pituitary Gland Anatomy and Physiology Review

Anatomy

Physiology

Chapter 81 Pituitary Masses

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Section 7 Pulmonary Diseases

Chapter 82 Respiratory System Anatomy Review

Thoracic Cavity

Lungs

Nose, Oropharynx, and Larynx

Conducting Airways

Acinar Airways

Pulmonary Vasculature

Respiratory Control

Chapter 83 Respiratory System Physiology Review

Introduction

Pulmonary Mechanics

Ventilation

Diffusion

Perfusion

Acid-Base Regulation

Chapter 84 Asthma

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 85 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 86 Cystic Fibrosis

Introduction

Genetics and Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Other Organ Involvement and Considerations

Chapter 87 Sleep Apnea

Introduction

Risk Factors and Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 88 Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Classification

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment and Prognosis

Chapter 89 Pulmonary Embolism

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation and Evaluation

Diagnosis and Treatment

Chapter 90 Pulmonary Hypertension

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 91 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Diagnosis, and Evaluation

Treatment

Section 8 Renal Diseases

Chapter 92 Urinary System Anatomy Review

Gross Anatomy

The Nephron

Vasculature

Lymphatic Drainage

Innervation

Chapter 93 Urinary System Physiology Review

Introduction

Glomerular Filtration

The Tubular System

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus and the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System

Chapter 94 Acute Tubular Necrosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment and Prevention

Chapter 95 Glomerulonephritis

Introduction

Pathogenesis

Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 96 Acute Tubulointerstitial Nephritis

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 97 Nephrotic Syndrome

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 98 Polycystic Kidney Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 99 Nephrolithiasis

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Clinical Manifestations

Diagnosis

Management

Prevention

Chapter 100 Chronic Kidney Disease

Introduction

Etiology and Pathogenesis

Assessment of Renal Function

Presentation

Complications and Management

Section 9 Rheumatological Diseases

Chapter 101 Osteoarthritis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 102 Rheumatoid Arthritis

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 103 Septic Arthritis and Bursitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 104 Gout

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 105 Spondyloarthridities

Introduction

Classification

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Management

Chapter 106 Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 107 Systemic Sclerosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 108 Polymyositis and Dermatomyositis

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation

Evaluation and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 109 Polymyalgia Rheumatica and Temporal Arteritis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 110 Vasculitides

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Section 10 Infectious Diseases

Chapter 111 Sepsis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 112 Cellulitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 113 Meningitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 114 Pneumonia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 115 Tuberculosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Clinical Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 116 Infective Endocarditis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 117 Gastroenteritis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 118 Cholangitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 119 Clostridioides (Formerly Clostridium) difficile Colitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 120 Urinary Tract Infection

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 121 Urethritis

Introduction

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 122 Osteomyelitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 123 HIV/AIDS

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Screening and Prevention

Chapter 124 HIV/AIDS

Introduction

Coccidioidomycosis

Pneumocystis Pneumonia

Histoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis

Cryptosporidiosis

Cryptococcosis

Cytomegalovirus

Mycobacterium Avium Complex

Section 11 Gastrointestinal Diseases

Chapter 125 Gastrointestinal System Anatomy Review

Introduction

Esophagus

Stomach

Small Intestine

Large Intestine/Colon

Rectum/Anal Canal/Anus

Liver and Gallbladder

Pancreas

Chapter 126 Gastrointestinal System Physiology Review

Motility

Digestion and Absorption of Food

Water Absorption

Chapter 127 Achalasia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation

Treatment

Chapter 128 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) and Barrett Esophagus

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 129 Peptic Ulcer Disease and Helicobacter pylori

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 130 Biliary Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 131 Acute Pancreatitis

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation

Treatment

Chapter 132 Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 133 Celiac Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 134 Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation

Treatment

Chapter 135 Acute Liver Failure

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 136 Viral Hepatitis

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis B

Hepatitis C

Hepatitis D

Hepatitis E

Chapter 137 Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Demographics and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 138 Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 139 Cirrhosis and Portal Hypertension

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Section 12 Diseases of Blood Cells

Chapter 140 Sickle Cell Disease

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 141 Thalassemia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 142 Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia (MAHA)

Introduction

Overview of Pathophysiology and Evaluation

Treatment Overview and Specific Clinical Entities

Chapter 143 Hemophilia

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 144 Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 145 Hypercoagulable States and Deep Venous Thrombosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 146 Multiple Myeloma

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 147 Amyloidosis

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Epidemiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 148 Lymphoma

Introduction

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma

Chapter 149 Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Staging

Treatment

Chapter 150 Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 151 Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

Introduction

Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Prognosis and Staging

Treatment

Chapter 152 Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 153 Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 154 Aplastic Anemia (AA)

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Section 13 Solid Organ Tumors

Chapter 155 Breast Cancer

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Screeening

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Survivorship

Chapter 156 Thyroid Cancer and Thyroid Nodules

Thyroid Cancer

Thyroid Nodules

Chapter 157 Lung Cancer

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 158 Esophageal Cancer

Introduction

Anatomy and Histology

Risk Factors

Presentation

Diagnosis and Staging

Treatment

Chapter 159 Gastric Cancer

INtroduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 160 Colorectal Cancer (CRC)

Introduction

Risk Factors

Presentation

Diagnosis and Staging

Treatment

Chapter 161 Pancreatic Cancer

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 162 Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 163 Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC)

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Treatment

Chapter 164 Bladder Cancer

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Risk Factors

Presentation, Evaluation, and Diagnosis

Chapter 165 Melanoma

Introduction

Pathogenesis and Risk Factors

Presentation and Screening

Staging

Treatment

Chapter 166 Prostate Cancer

Introduction

Risk Factors, Clinical Presentation, and Screening

Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Staging

Treatment

Appendix Further Readings

Further Readings

Index