As per the directives from Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, the National Board of Examinations (NBE) would be conducting a computer-based multiple choice questions (MCQs) examination. Candidates appearing for DM (Endocrinology) Entrance Examinations would be expected to answer 40% questions from the feeder specialty and 60% questions would be in Endocrinology. This book is aimed to give students an idea of the kind of questions that they might expect/anticipate in the examinations. Based on the pattern of NEET DM Endocrinology entrance examination. Presented in an easy to read layout. Divided into 25 chapters as per the pattern. Concise answers and explanations. References from standard textbooks. Useful diagrams and tables are incorporated.

Now in its tenth edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine has been fully revised, with five new authors on the writing team bringing content fresh from the bedside.

Space has been breathed into the design, with more core material at your fingertips in quick-reference lists and flow diagrams, and key references have been honed to the most up-to-date and relevant. Each page has been updated to reflect the latest changes in practice and best management, and the chapters on gastroenterology, history and examination, infectious disease, neurology, and radiology have been extensively revised.

Unique among medical texts, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine is a complete and concise guide to the core areas of medicine that also encourages thinking about the world from the patient's perspective, offering a holistic, patient-centred approach.

Loved and trusted by millions for over three decades, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine continues to be a truly indispensable companion for the practice of modern medicine.

A full-color case-based review of the essentials of pathophysiology covering all major organs and systems

The goal of this trusted text is to introduce you to clinical medicine by reviewing the pathophysiologic basis of 132 diseases (and associated signs and symptoms) commonly encountered in medical practice. The authors, all experts in their respective fields, have provided a concise review of relevant normal structure and function of each body system, followed by a description of the pathophysiologic mechanisms that underlie several common diseases related to that system. The accessible presentation features high-quality full-color illustrations, and numerous tables and diagrams.


Each chapter of Pathophysiology of Disease concludes with a collection of case studies and questions designed to test your understanding of the pathophysiology of each clinical entity discussed. These case studies allow you to apply your knowledge to specific clinical situations. Detailed answers to each case study question are provided at the end of the book. 


This unique interweaving of physiological and pathological concepts will put you on the path toward thinking about signs and symptoms in terms of their pathophysiologic basis, giving you an understanding of the "why" behind illness and treatment.


HERE ARE SOME OF THE MANY UPDATES AND ADDITIONS:

•Twelve additional case studies, bringing the total to 132, one for each of the clinical entities discussed in the book’s 24 chapters
•More than 2/3 of the chapters are enhanced and refreshed by the input of new contributors
•Totally revised chapter on neoplasia
•New chapter sections on urticaria, spinocerebellar ataxia, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and spondyloarthropathies
•New tables summarizing adverse prognostic signs in acute pancreatitis, genetic syndromes associated with pancreatic cancer, and causes of end-stage renal disease
•New diagnosis and etiologic classification of diabetes mellitus, and review of mechanisms of newest pharmacologic agents for its treatment
•Updates on fine-needle aspiration biopsy of thyroid nodules, and thyroid disorders in pregnancy
•Updated references throughout the book

 

Table of Contents:

Chapter 1: Introduction

Chapter 2: Genetic Disease

Chapter 3: Disorders of the Immune System

Chapter 4: Infectious Diseases

Chapter 5: Neoplasia

Chapter 6: Blood Disorders

Chapter 7: Nervous System Disorders

Chapter 8: Diseases of the Skin

Chapter 9: Pulmonary Disease

Chapter 10: Cardiovascular Disorders: Heart Disease

Chapter 11: Cardiovascular Disorders: Vascular Disease

Chapter 12: Disorders of the Adrenal Medulla

Chapter 13: Gastrointestinal Disease

Chapter 14: Liver Disease

Chapter 15: Disorders of the Exocrine Pancreas

Chapter 16: Renal Disease

Chapter 17: Disorders of the Parathyroids & Calcium and Phosphorus Metabolism

Chapter 18: Disorders of the Endocrine Pancreas

Chapter 19: Disorders of the Hypothalamus & Pituitary Gland

Chapter 20: Thyroid Disease

Chapter 21: Disorders of the Adrenal Cortex

Chapter 22: Disorders of the Female Reproductive Tract

Chapter 23: Disorders of the Male Reproductive Tract

Chapter 24: Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases

 

Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection spread through inhaling tiny droplets from the coughs or sneezes of an infected person. It mainly affects the lungs, but it can affect any part of the body, including the abdomen, glands, bones and nervous system (NHS Choices). Part of the Clinical Focus series, this book is a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis and treatment of this serious condition. Beginning with an introduction to the microbiology and epidemiology of the disease, the following chapters provide in depth coverage of the clinical assessment, diagnostic techniques, and management options for different strains of tuberculosis. Each chapter is highly illustrated with tables and images to enhance the detailed text. Edited by recognised specialists from Belgrade, Serbia, the new volume in this series includes contributions from highly experienced clinicians throughout the world. Key Points Comprehensive guide to diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis Part of the Clinical Focus series Highly illustrated with tables and images Internationally recognised editor and author team

Fully updated and revised for its second edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Examination and Practical Skills is the only truly comprehensive pocket guide to all aspects of history taking, physical examination, practical procedures, data interpretation, and communication skills. Packed with expert knowledge and practical guidance it gives realistic advice on coping with common situations. The handbook is structured to allow rapid reference of key information, and to aid understanding with concise and practical clinical guidance. Full colour throughout, it includes over 140 detailed photographs and diagrams of all common examination skills to show you exactly what you need to do and the theory, practice and complications for each. More photos have been included, with over half completely new and specially produced for this edition. Each system chapter covers applied anatomy, history, examination, and the presentation of common and important disorders. Data interpretation covers the basics of x-rays, ECGs and other key areas. A new chapter on the eyes is included along with the sections on body language and non-verbal communication, and the section on practical procedures has been expanded. This handbook will help to ensure you have the confidence and skill to carry out an 'A' grade examination every time.

 Now revised for its third edition, the Oxford Handbook of Clinical Diagnosis provides a concise and practical summary of the reasoning processes behind clear and confident diagnosis. The handbook is set out systematically with symptoms and signs through each specialty, and includes a detailed description of the basis of logical evidence-based differential diagnosis. 
This new edition has been updated with clearer diagrams and brand new images. Including rarer diagnoses alongside the common conditions, and vital information about longer-term management alongside the initial treatments, this handbook will ensure your excellence and confidence no matter what signs and symptoms your patient presents with. Providing practical help when dealing with problems outside your area of expertise or with unforeseen situations, you can be sure that this handbook will be your perfect companion to clear and confident diagnoses throughout your medical career.

Internal or general medicine is the medical specialty dealing with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of adult diseases. This second edition provides clinicians and trainees with a complete guide to internal medicine. Divided into 28 sections, the first part of the book is dedicated to the diagnosis and management of cardiac conditions. The second part covers respiratory and pulmonary disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, neurologic disorders, renal conditions and endocrine disorders. The book has been fully revised with new topics added to provide the latest advances in the field. Each chapter examines the pathophysiology and techniques for accurate diagnosis and appropriate therapy. Authored by a recognised, Ottawa-based expert in the field, the new edition features clinical photographs, illustrations and tables to enhance learning. Key points Comprehensive guide to the latest advances in internal medicine Fully revised, second edition covering numerous disorders in different systems of the body Authored by recognised Ottawa-based expert in the field Previous edition (9780812116021) published in 1994

A comprehensive book for all kinds of modern medicine doctors, especially for those who work as generalists (General Medicine, Family Medicine) and those who use clinical skill optimally in medical practice. Aims to enrich basic skills of diagnosis and management. Based on problem-oriented approach. Topics are presented systematically for quick reference. Makes the clinical diagnosis easy with less of investigation. Focuses on wider spectrum of readers. Companion reference book for Interns, General Practitioners, Family Doctors, General Physicians and healthcare providers with a holistic attitude toward patient care.

 

Coordonatorii editiei in limba romana: Prof. Dr. Corin Badiu si Prof. Dr. Cristian Baicus

Unic printre textele medicale, Manualul Oxford de Medicina Clinica (ediția a zecea) reprezinta un material complet si concis pentru specializarile principale ale medicinei si ofera o abordare holistica, centrata pe pacient. Editia a zecea prezinta informatii-cheie actualizate, iar capitolele privind gastroenterologia, bolile infectioase, neurologia si radiologia au fost complet revizuite. Abordarea tematica se suprapune cu evaluarea clasica a fiecarui caz: anamneza si examenul obiectiv, apoi descrierea patologiei pe aparate si sisteme, cu exemple, scheme, tabele si imagini, care aduc valoare practicii medicale.

Apreciat de medici de peste trei decenii, Manualul Oxford de Medicina Clinica continua sa fie un ghid cu adevarat indispensabil pentru practica medicinei moderne.

 Prefata la editia in limba romana

„Pornind de la prima pagina, medicul cu experienta sau in formare descopera un nou prieten: o carte sintetizată, bine organizată tematic, atractiva, care expune intr-o combinatie unica elementele de detaliu privind diagnosticul si tratamentul. Sistematizata in 19 capitole, manualul porneste de la un scurt istoric filozofic al domeniului, luand in discutie repere majore ale filozofiei medicale, dar si aspecte etice importante. Principiile medicinei bazate pe dovezi si ale statisticii medicale fac parte din acelasi capitol initial.

Abordarea tematica se suprapune cu evaluarea clasica a fiecarui caz: anamneză si examenul obiectiv, apoi descrierea patologiei pe aparate si sisteme, cu exemple, scheme, tabele si imagini, care aduc valoare practicii medicale.

Temele speciale sunt evidentiate prin casete specifice, la care se face trimitere ori de cate ori este necesar. Realizate excelent din punct de vedere grafic, imaginile sunt foarte sugestive, intregind armonios informatia din text si tabele. Manualul include informatii de ultima ora, foarte bine structurate in tabele si algoritmi, care ofera practicianului un sprijin permanent in decizia medicala. Din loc in loc se regasesc istorioare din viata curenta a practicianului sau repere istorice ale domeniului, care fac lectura captivanta.

Traducerea carții Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine a beneficiat de implicarea unui grup de specialisti entuziasti, care au adaptat informatiile la terminologia clasica romaneasca, realizand un text fluent, atractiv si precis. Multumim tuturor celor care au dedicat timp si energie pentru a face posibila aparitia acestui manual in limba romana.

Sunt convins ca acest volum reprezinta un instrument util atat pentru medicul cu experiența, cat si pentru cel aflat la inceputul carierei, fiecare gasind deopotrivă un prieten de nadejde în Manualul Oxford de Medicina Clinica.

Va dorim lectura placuta!

Prof. Dr. Corin Badiu”

Cuprins:

Conținutul fiecarui capitol este detaliat pe pagina dedicata acestuia.

Prefata la editia in limba romană si la editia a X-a vi

Mulțumiri vii

Simboluri si abrevieri viii

1 Cugetari medicale 0

2 Istoric si examinare 40

3 Patologie cardiovasculara 110

4 Pneumologie 182

5 Endocrinologie 224

6 Gastroenterologie 266

7 Nefrologie 324

8 Hematologie 364

9 Boli infectioase 424

10 Neurologie 506

11 Oncologie si ingrijiri paliative 580

12 Reumatologie 606

13 Chirurgie 636

14 Biochimie clinică 742

15 Sindroame eponime 774

16 Radiologie 800

17 Intervale de referintă si alte aspecte 832

18 Proceduri practice 840

19 Urgente 860

20 Referinte 936

Scorul de avertizare timpurie 952

Stopul cardiac 954

 

50 Studies Every Internist Should Know presents key studies that shape today's practice of internal medicine. Selected using a rigorous methodology, the studies cover topics including: preventative medicine, endocrinology, hematology and oncology, musculoskeletal diseases, nephrology, gastroenterology, infectious diseases, cardiology, pulmonology, geriatrics and palliative care, and mental health. For each study, a concise summary is presented with an emphasis on the results and limitations of the study, and its implications for practice. An illustrative clinical case concludes each review, followed by brief information on other relevant studies. This book is a must-read for health care professionals and anyone who wants to learn more about the data behind clinical practice.

CURRENT Medical Diagnosis & Treatment is the most comprehensive, reliable, and timely reference available to answer common questions that arise in everyday clinical practice. Readers will find authoritative, evidence-based coverage of more than 1,000 diseases and disorders along with a concise, yet thorough synopsis of diagnosis and treatment.

 

Written in a clear, easy-to-read style, this trusted classic covers all aspects of outpatient and inpatient care and includes discussion of new developments and breakthroughs in medicine. Presented in full colour, CMDT covers every aspect of general medicine, with an emphasis on prevention and cost-effective strategies.

You’ll find authoritative, evidence-based coverage of more than 1,000 diseases and disorders including concise, yet thorough synopsis of diagnosis and treatment. Presented in full-color, this single source reference has been fully updated with the latest developments and breakthroughs in medicine, guidelines, references, drug prices, and more. This essential clinical companion features:

 • A strong emphasis on the practical aspects of clinical diagnosis and patient management

• Detailed review of all internal medicine disciplines, including geriatrics, preventive medicine, and palliative care, plus gynecology and obstetrics, dermatology, ophthalmology, neurology, psychiatry, and more

• An annual update on HIV/AIDS and other new, emerging viral infections

 • Specific information regarding disease prevention and prognosis

• Medication treatment tables, with indexed trade names and updated prices

• Key recent references on each topic with PMID numbers for quick online access

 • Many full-color photographs, tables, figures and other illustrations Here are some of the many updates and additions:

 • Extensive updating of tables and images

• New FDA-approved medication for multiple sclerosis

 • New summary of recommended FDA treatment regimens for hepatitis C

 • U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommendations for osteoporosis, prostate cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer

• Extensive update of immune modulation therapy and adjuvant treatments of breast cancer

 • Targeted therapies for advanced non-small cell lung cancers

• Thoroughly revised chapter on viral and rickettsial infections, including recent measles, polio, and acute flaccid paralysis outbreaks, and on related immunizations

• Clarification of the appropriate role of opioids and buprenorphine formulations in chronic pain management

• Revised section on health care for sexual and gender minority patients

 • Information on new biologic agents for asthma, and many other disorders

Cover

Title Page

Copyright Page

Contents

Authors

Preface

1. Disease Prevention & Health Promotion

2. Common Symptoms

3. Preoperative Evaluation & Perioperative Management

4. Geriatric Disorders

5. Palliative Care & Pain Management

6. Dermatologic Disorders

7. Disorders of the Eyes & Lids

8. Ear, Nose, & Throat Disorders

9. Pulmonary Disorders

10. Heart Disease

11. Systemic Hypertension

12. Blood Vessel & Lymphatic Disorders

13. Blood Disorders

14. Disorders of Hemostasis, Thrombosis, & Antithrombotic Therapy

15. Gastrointestinal Disorders

16. Liver, Biliary Tract, & Pancreas Disorders

17. Breast Disorders

18. Gynecologic Disorders

19. Obstetrics & Obstetric Disorders

20. Rheumatologic, Immunologic, & Allergic Disorders

21. Electrolyte & Acid-Base Disorders

22. Kidney Disease

23. Urologic Disorders

24. Nervous System Disorders

25. Psychiatric Disorders

26. Endocrine Disorders

27. Diabetes Mellitus & Hypoglycemia

28. Lipid Disorders

29. Nutritional Disorders

30. Common Problems in Infectious Diseases & Antimicrobial Therapy

31. HIV Infection & AIDS

32. Viral & Rickettsial Infections

33. Bacterial & Chlamydial Infections

34. Spirochetal Infections

35. Protozoal & Helminthic Infections

36. Mycotic Infections

37. Disorders Related to Environmental Emergencies

38. Poisoning

39. Cancer

40. Genetic & Genomic Disorders

41. Sports Medicine & Outpatient Orthopedics

42. Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, & Transgender Health

Index

Now reflecting a greater focus on today's multidisciplinary approach to care, Critical Care Handbook of the Massachusetts General Hospital, 6th Edition, remains your go-to guide for practical, complete, and current information on medical and surgical critical care. The user-friendly, outline format is designed for rapid reference, providing reliable, hospital-tested protocols that reflect today's most advanced critical care practices. Key Features*Heavily revised to reflect today's need to include all care providers to optimize treatment*New section on Health Care Services, with chapters on handovers and transitions, long-term outcomes of ICU patients, EICU and electronic systems, quality improvement, and more*New chapters on critical care management of Ebola virus disease, ECMO and ventricular assist devices, and critical care of the obstetrical patient*New videos available online*Complete, concise, full-color coverage of this rapidly enlarging field*Convenient pocket size for on-the-go referenceNow with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, which can be downloaded to your tablet and smartphone or accessed online and includes features like:*Complete content with enhanced navigation*Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web*Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation*Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text* Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues*Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use

This book on and signs and symptoms, which is indexed in alphabetical order from which the physician will be able to weave a clinical narrative, anatomically and pathophysiologically explicit, to form the accurate diagnostic hypotheses. It is compact, handy and bedside clinical companion book for all dedicated healthcare professionals who are committed to evaluate the patient accurately on the basis of signs and the symptoms. Consists of 91 chapters, enriched with knowledge of about more than 100 contributors. Covers almost all the possible signs and the symptoms, commonly seen in the day-to-day clinical practice. Useful in evaluating the patients in early stages of the complaints and also helpful in initial treatment and management. This book is helpful for undergraduates, postgraduates, residents, and emergency physicians.

 mprove medical and developmental outcomes in high-risk infants with evidence-based management strategies

"Beyond the NICU" is the first book to deliver practical, evidence-based strategies for healthcare providers caring for the NICU graduate during convalescence and after discharge. It is a guide to the successful transition of a high-risk infant from intensive care to the intermediate-level nursery, and then, to help the child thrive outside of the hospital in a home environment.

To advance the standard of care of these vulnerable patients, "Beyond the NICU" draws together clinically focused guidelines to improve patient outcomes and reduce hospital readmissions. Drawing on an international team of respected authorities, "Beyond the NICU" provides the strategies necessary to ensure the success of convalescing NICU graduates in both inpatient and outpatient settings. Doody's Review! Score: 95/100 
Description
This is a nearly 1,000-page softcover book written by over 100 contributors on convalescent neonatal care and post-discharge care of the high-risk infant. The format is similar to other neonatal handbooks (Neonatology: Management, Procedures, On-Call Problems, Diseases, and Drugs, 7th edition, Gomella, et al. (McGraw-Hill, 2013); Manual of Neonatal Care, 7th edition, Cloherty et al. (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2011)), but it emphasizes transitional care of the sick infant. 
Purpose
The purpose is to provide "practical, evidence-based strategiesfor the NICU graduate during convalescence and after discharge." The book functions like a practical handbook for clinicians in the NICU, covering almost all aspects of neonatal care, but emphasizing convalescent care. This is an area that has not been well covered in other neonatal books, and this book meets the objectives. 
Audience
The audience is NICU caregivers at all levels and of all disciplines. The book is written in outline format and emphasizes care rather than pathophysiology. The senior editor, his three consultants, and many of the contributors are recognizable names in the field. 
Features
The 51 chapters are grouped into four sections. After an introductory section which includes chapters on the role of the primary care provider for the NICU graduate, the book covers most aspects of care of preterm and term infants in the next two sections. A final section on developmental care includes chapters on early intervention and palliative care. Although the book is supposed to emphasize convalescent and post-discharge care, much of the second and third sections deals with standard early diagnosis and treatment of common neonatal issues, which adds significant length to the book. The book is at its best when it sticks to its title and emphasizes care "beyond the NICU." Helpful appendixes include discharge checklists, home equipment, and even billing coding for the NICU graduate. Illustrations and tables are sparse, but some are unique and very helpful. 
Assessment
This is a unique neonatal book in its emphasis on convalescent and post-discharge care for the sick neonate. It should become a standard text for clinicians in this field and, as it matures in subsequent editions, should abbreviate the acute care sections and concentrate on its title.

Back by popular demand: the world's most widely-used medical reference, now in its 20th edition. The Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy has been thoroughly updated and expanded with a larger trim size to include 40% new and revised content, including 36 new chapters with more than 200 tables and 100 figures. Packed with essential information on diagnosing and treating medical disorders, this comprehensive guide was written by a team of renowned medical experts. It is intended for everyday use by healthcare professionals to ensure delivery of the best care to their patients. The new Merck Manual of Diagnosis and Therapy makes it easy to find the right information at the moment it's needed, with the help of section thumb tabs. It is a must-have for medical students, residents, practicing physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals. New larger trim 7 3/4 x 9 1/4 to accommodate 40% new content 36 completely new chapters Revised and expanded chapters in Cardiovascular, Genitourinary, Gynecologic, Neurologic, Pregnancy, and Infants and Children Pediatrics and trauma section significantly revised and expanded Key Points summarize the facts at-a-glance New Pearls & Pitfalls highlight noteworthy medical info and areas of caution 16-page full-color insert aids visual recognition of skin, eye, and oral disorders

Table Of Contents:

Guide for Readers Abbreviations Editors and Editorial Board Consultants Contributors 1 Nutritional Disorders 2 Gastrointestinal Disorders 3 Hepatic and Biliary Disorders 4 Musculoskeletal and Connective Tissue Disorders 5 Pulmonary Disorders 6 Critical Care Medicine 7 Cardiovascular Disorders 8 Ear, Nose, and Throat, and Disorders 9 Dental Disorders 10 Eye Disorders 11 Dermatologic Disorders 12 Hematology and Oncology 13 Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders 14 Immunology; Allergic Disorders 15 Infectious Diseases 16 Psychiatric Disorders 17 Neurologic Disorders 18 Genitourinary Disorders 19 Gynecology and Obstetrics 20 Pediatrics 21 Geriatrics 22 Clinical Pharmacology 23 Injuries; Poisoning 24 Special Subjects Appendixes Ready Reference Guides Normal Laboratory Values Trade Names of Some Commonly Used Drugs Index

This book is a comprehensive guide to the complete field of otolaryngology for trainees. Divided into seven sections, the manual covers all sub-specialties in ENT practice - ear, face, sleep medicine, laryngology, head and neck, rhinology and allergy, and paediatric ENT. Each section is further divided to discuss the management of various disorders within the subspecialty in question. Highly illustrated with figures and tables to enhance learning, this useful text is edited by respected ENT specialists from University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine and Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia. Lead editor, David Kennedy, is past President of the International Rhinology Society. Key Points Comprehensive guide to otolaryngology for trainees Highly illustrated with figures and tables Edited by recognised ENT specialists from Philadelphia Lead editor, David Kennedy, is past President of the International Rhinology Society

The new edition of this book has been fully revised with the latest advances in anaesthesia practice. Each chapter presents a step by step decision making algorithm with explanatory text and supplemental tables, providing clinicians and trainees with answers for nearly 250 anaesthetic management problems. General principles in anaesthesia care are discussed, as well as detailed examination of preoperative problems, anaesthesia in surgical specialty areas, postoperative management, and perioperative management. The fifth edition includes many new topics including robotic-assisted procedures, heart failure, epilepsy surgery, traumatic brain injury and much more. Authored by respected experts from University of Texas Health Science Centre, the book is enhanced by clinical photographs and diagrams to assist learning. Previous edition published in 2007. Key Points Fully revised, new edition detailing latest advances in anaesthesia practice Chapters presented with step by step decision making algorithm with explanatory text and tables Fifth edition includes many new topics Internationally recognised author team from University of Texas Health Science Centre

Designed to suit a wide range of healthcare providers, including primary care, subspecialties, and allied health, Conn's Current Therapy has been a trusted clinical resource for more than 70 years.

The 2020 edition continues this tradition of excellence with current, evidence-based treatment information presented in a concise yet in-depth format. More than 300 topics have been carefully reviewed and updated to bring you state-of-the-art information even in the most rapidly changing areas of medicine.

·        Offers personal approaches from recognized leaders in the field, covering common complaints, acute diseases, and chronic illnesses along with the most current evidence-based clinical management options.

·        Follows a consistent, easy-to-use format throughout, with diagnosis, therapy, drug protocols, and treatment pearls presented in quick-reference boxes and tables for point-of-care answers to common clinical questions.

·        Includes new and significantly revised chapters on neurofibromatosis, autism, psoriatic arthritis, and postpartum depression.

·        Features thorough updates in areas critical to primary care, including Acute Myocardial Infarction . Hypertension . Peripheral Arterial Disease . Valvular Heart Disease . Hepatitis C . Irritable Bowel Syndrome . Obsessive Compulsive Disorder . Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease . Fibromyalgia . Menopause . Travel Medicine . and more.

·        Provides current drug information thoroughly reviewed by PharmDs.

·        Shares the knowledge and expertise of new contributors who provide a fresh perspective in their specialties.

·        Features nearly 300 images, including algorithms, anatomical illustrations, and photographs, that provide useful information for diagnosis.

·        Expert ConsultT eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

Description:

Evaluate and treat common fractures and know when to refer uncommon ones to a specialist. This quick, practical resource presents detailed illustrations, video, and current best evidence for imaging and treating fractures so you can make accurate identifications and manage patients with confidence.

• Quickly find the information you need through a systematic, logical approach to each fracture.
• Accurately identify fractures through an extensive selection of imaging examples.
• Apply splints and reduce dislocations successfully thanks to detailed descriptions, illustrations, and narrated video.
• Tap into the latest best practices through evidence-based coverage and updated references.
• Effectively manage emergency situations using guidelines for emergent referral, greater detail regarding methods for closed reductions for fractures and dislocations, and more.
• Benefit from expanded content specifically for the emergency medicine setting, including CT, MRI, and ultrasound imaging, procedural sedation, and discharge reassessment.

 

·         ·  1.  Fracture management in primary care and emergency medicine settings

·         ·  Primary care physicians

·         ·  Emergency medicine physicians

·         ·  Nurse practitioners and physician assistants

·         ·  References

·         ·  2.  General principles of fracture care

·         ·  Bone composition

·         ·  Fracture healing

·         ·  Potential fracture sites

·         ·  Fracture description

·         ·  Fracture selection and referral guidance

·         ·  Overview of acute management

·         ·  Overview of definitive care

·         ·  Late fracture complications

·         ·  Management of pediatric fractures

·         ·  References

·         ·  3.  Finger fractures

·         ·  Distal phalanx fractures

·         ·  Mallet finger

·         ·  Flexor digitorum profundus avulsion (Jersey finger)

·         ·  Distal interphalangeal joint dislocation

·         ·  Middle phalanx shaft fractures (adult)

·         ·  Middle phalanx fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Proximal interphalangeal joint injuries

·         ·  Avulsion of the central slip of the extensor tendon (boutonniere injury)

·         ·  Lateral avulsion fractures

·         ·  Proximal interphalangeal joint dislocation

·         ·  Proximal phalanx shaft fractures (adult)

·         ·  Pediatric (physeal) fractures of the proximal phalanx

·         ·  Dislocations and ligament injuries of the metacarpophalangeal joint

·         ·  Dislocations and ligament injuries of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint

·         ·  References

·         ·  4.  Metacarpal fractures

·         ·  Metacarpal head

·         ·  Metacarpal neck

·         ·  Metacarpal shaft

·         ·  Metacarpal base

·         ·  Dislocations of the carpometacarpal joint

·         ·  First metacarpal fractures (adult)

·         ·  First metacarpal fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  References

·         ·  5.  Carpal fractures

·         ·  Scaphoid fractures (adult)

·         ·  Scaphoid fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Triquetrum fractures

·         ·  Lunate fractures

·         ·  Hamate fractures

·         ·  Capitate fractures

·         ·  Pisiform fractures

·         ·  Trapezium fractures

·         ·  Trapezoid fractures

·         ·  Carpal dislocations

·         ·  References

·         ·  6.  Radius and ulna fractures

·         ·  Distal radius fractures (adult)

·         ·  Distal radius fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Metaphyseal fractures

·         ·  Physeal fractures

·         ·  Fractures of the shaft of the radius (adult): Galeazzi fracture

·         ·  Fractures of the shaft of the radius (pediatric)

·         ·  Both-bone forearm fractures (adult)

·         ·  Both-bone forearm fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Fractures of the ulnar shaft

·         ·  Monteggia fractures (adult)

·         ·  Monteggia fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Wrist dislocations (radiocarpal joint)

·         ·  References

·         ·  7.  Elbow fractures

·         ·  Radial head and neck

·         ·  Olecranon

·         ·  Coronoid process

·         ·  Distal humerus (adult)

·         ·  Supracondylar and transcondylar fractures

·         ·  Intercondylar fractures

·         ·  Condylar fractures

·         ·  Medial epicondyle fractures

·         ·  Distal humerus (pediatric)

·         ·  Supracondylar fractures

·         ·  Lateral condyle fractures

·         ·  Medial epicondyle fractures

·         ·  Little league elbow

·         ·  Elbow dislocation

·         ·  References

·         ·  8.  Humerus fractures

·         ·  Anatomic considerations

·         ·  Proximal humerus fractures (adult)

·         ·  Proximal humerus fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Midshaft fractures of the humerus

·         ·  Shoulder (glenohumeral) dislocations

·         ·  References

·         ·  9.  Clavicle and scapula fractures

·         ·  Clavicle fractures

·         ·  Fractures of the middle third of the clavicle

·         ·  Fractures of the distal third of the clavicle

·         ·  Fractures of the proximal third of the clavicle

·         ·  Scapula fractures

·         ·  References

·         ·  10.  Spine fractures

·         ·  Cervical spine fractures (adult)

·         ·  Cervical spine fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Thoracolumbar spine fractures (adult)

·         ·  Compression fractures

·         ·  Spinous process and transverse process fractures

·         ·  Burst fractures

·         ·  Thoracolumbar spine fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Spondylolysis

·         ·  Nontraumatic thoracolumbar fractures

·         ·  Tumors

·         ·  Vertebral osteomyelitis

·         ·  References

·         ·  11.  Femur and pelvis fractures

·         ·  Femoral neck fractures

·         ·  Intertrochanteric fractures

·         ·  Trochanteric fractures

·         ·  Femoral shaft fractures

·         ·  Stress fractures of the femur

·         ·  Hip dislocations

·         ·  Pelvic fractures

·         ·  Acetabular fractures

·         ·  References

·         ·  12.  Patellar, tibial, and fibular fractures

·         ·  Patellar fractures and dislocations

·         ·  Patellar dislocation

·         ·  Tibial fractures

·         ·  Tibial plateau fractures

·         ·  Disposition

·         ·  Tibial shaft fractures

·         ·  Stress fractures of the tibia

·         ·  Fractures of the shafts of the tibia and fibula

·         ·  Fibular fractures

·         ·  Stress fractures of the fibula

·         ·  References

·         ·  13.  Ankle fractures

·         ·  Ankle fractures (adult)

·         ·  Ankle fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Distal tibial fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Distal fibular fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Ankle dislocation

·         ·  References

·         ·  14.  Calcaneus and other tarsal fractures

·         ·  Calcaneus fractures (adult)

·         ·  Extraarticular fracture: Anterior process

·         ·  Extraarticular fracture: Medial or lateral process

·         ·  Extraarticular fracture: Tuberosity

·         ·  Extraarticular fracture: Sustentaculum tali

·         ·  Extraarticular fracture: Body not involving the subtalar joint

·         ·  Intraarticular fractures

·         ·  Calcaneus stress fractures

·         ·  Calcaneus fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Talus fractures (adult)

·         ·  Osteochondral dome fractures

·         ·  Fracture of the lateral process of the talus (snowboarder’s fracture)

·         ·  Talus fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Navicular fractures (adult)

·         ·  Navicular stress fracture

·         ·  Navicular fractures (pediatric)

·         ·  Cuboid and cuneiform fractures

·         ·  References

·         ·  15.  Metatarsal fractures

·         ·  Fractures of the metatarsal shafts

·         ·  Stress fractures of the metatarsal shafts

·         ·  Proximal fractures of the first through fourth metatarsals

·         ·  Fractures of the proximal fifth metatarsal

·         ·  Avulsion fractures of the styloid

·         ·  Fractures of the metaphyseal–diaphyseal junction

·         ·  Stress fracture of the fifth metatarsal diaphysis

·         ·  References

·         ·  16.  Toe fractures

·         ·  Toe fractures

·         ·  Toe dislocations

·         ·  Sesamoid fractures

·         ·  References

·         ·  17.  Facial and skull fractures

·         ·  Nasal fractures

·         ·  Fractures of other facial bones

·         ·  Skull fractures

·         ·  References

·         ·  18.  Rib fractures

·         ·  Anatomic considerations

·         ·  Mechanism of injury

·         ·  Rib fractures after trauma

·         ·  Stress fractures of the ribs

·         ·  References

 

 

The first edition of this book, published in 2009, was the only book of its kind dedicated exclusively to the diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Over the past few years, new diagnostic tests and treatments of pulmonary arterial hypertension have been developed and tested. Diagnostic testing has led to more frequent and specific diagnosis in PAH patients, leading to the more widespread use of effective treatment and improved quality of life and reduction of mortality for PAH patients. Pulmonary Hypertension and Interstitial Lung Disease: A Clinical Guide, Second Edition provides an updated and expanded state-of-the-art overview of the problems seen by physicians in the clinical management of ILDs. The first section of the book discusses general features and includes an overview of clinical features, diagnosis and pathology of ILD. The second part discusses specific disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and hypersensitivity pneumonia. Pulmonary Hypertension and Interstitial Lung Disease, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for all physicians whose practice involves the care and treatment of patients with interstitial lung disease. The first edition of this book, published in 2009, was the only book of its kind dedicated exclusively to the diagnosis and management of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD). Over the past few years, new diagnostic tests and treatments of pulmonary arterial hypertension have been developed and tested. Diagnostic testing has led to more frequent and specific diagnosis in PAH patients, leading to the more widespread use of effective treatment and improved quality of life and reduction of mortality for PAH patients. Pulmonary Hypertension and Interstitial Lung Disease: A Clinical Guide, Second Edition provides an updated and expanded state-of-the-art overview of the problems seen by physicians in the clinical management of ILDs. The first section of the book discusses general features and includes an overview of clinical features, diagnosis and pathology of ILD. The second part discusses specific disorders such as idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and hypersensitivity pneumonia. Pulmonary Hypertension and Interstitial Lung Disease, Second Edition is an invaluable resource for all physicians whose practice involves the care and treatment of patients with interstitial lung disease.

 

DESCRIPTION

A practical resource covering both elective and emergency procedures for the practicing vascular and endovascular clinician

This book provides medical professionals (vascular surgeons, interventional cardiologists, interventional radiologists, endovascular neurologists, vascular medicine specialists) with a reference guide to the most common and accepted approach to endovascular management of peripheral vascular disease. It also addresses urgent interventions in the acute setting of the various vascular beds, and covers emerging areas such as stroke intervention and endovascular treatment of pulmonary embolism and vascular trauma.

Edited by a multidisciplinary team, Endovascular Interventions offers in-depth coverage of the field in seven parts: Overview; Supra-Aortic Intervention in High Risk Patients: Innominate, Subclavian, Carotid, Vertebral and Intracranial Interventions; Interventions of the Aorta; Renal and Mesenteric Interventions; Lower Extremity Interventions; Venous Disease; and Vascular Trauma. Each section covers the technical aspects of the procedures as well as the fundamental clinical aspects which are necessary in the evaluation of patients considered for interventions. Chapters feature illustrations, case studies, key learning points, equipment lists, and sample questions and answers which can be used for Board exam practice.

·         Practical review of vascular and endovascular medicine covering both elective and emergency procedures

·         Illustrated, templated chapters provide rapid answers to questions and include case studies, key learning points, and equipment lists

·         Includes sample questions and answers that are handy for Board exam practice

·         Edited by multidisciplinary experts

Endovascular Interventions is an excellent review book for all practicing and aspiring vascular and endovascular specialists.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

List of Contributors vii

1 Vascular Biology 1
Cristina Sanina, Olga L. Bockeria, Karlo A. Wiley and Jonathan E. Feig

2 Non-Invasive Testing in Peripheral Arterial Disease 17
Ian Del Conde and James F. Benenati

3 Carotid and Innominate Artery Stenting for High-Risk Patients 25
Reid Ravin, Shivani Kumar and Peter Faries

4 Subclavian Artery Stenosis: When and How to Intervene 37
Parham Parto and Tyrone J. Collins

5 Vertebral Artery Occlusive Disease 45
Mark H.Wholey and Jason M. Andrus

6 Stroke Interventions 53
Italo Linfante

7 Endovascular Management of Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms 61
William E. Beckerman and James F. McKinsey

8 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Catheter-Based Interventions 77
Sean P. Wengerter, Kurt R. Wengerter and Michael L. Marin

9 Aortic Dissection: Urgent Endovascular Treatment 99
Ratna C. Singh and Evan C. Lipsitz

10 Management of Acute Aortic Syndrome 111
Rajesh Malik, Michael Siah and Edward Y.Woo

11 Severe Renal Artery Stenosis:When and How to Intervene 121
Jose D. Tafur and Christopher J.White

12 Mesenteric Ischemia: Chronic and Acute Management 135
Vincent Gallo, Kevin “Chaim” Herman and John H. Rundback

13 Catheter-Based Management of Peripheral AVMs 143
Allan M. Conway, Alfio Carroccio and Robert J. Rosen

14 Aortoiliac Interventions 15
Subhash Banerjee, Houman Khalili and Mehdi Shishehbor

15 Femoropopliteal Interventions in the Claudicant Patient 167
Pedro A. Villablanca, Cristina Sanina, Pedro R. Cox-Alomar, Prakash Krishnan and Jose M.Wiley

16 Tibial and Pedal Plantar Interventions in Patients with Critical Limb Ischemia 183
Anand Prasad and Haley Hughston

17 The Diagnosis, Evaluation and Contemporary Management of Acute Limb Ischemia 207
Michael N. Young and Douglas E. Drachman

18 Pedal Reconstruction in Critical Limb Ischemia 221
Amjad AlMahameed and Craig Walker

19 Access Site Complications 227
Miguel Alvarez Villela, Fernando D. Pastor and Robert T. Pyo

20 Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis 243
Ian Del Conde and James F. Benenati

21 Chronic Venous Disorders 251
Brett J. Carroll, Duane S. Pinto and Cristina Sanina

22 Endovascular Treatment of Pulmonary Embolism 267
Ian Del Conde and Barry T. Katzen

23 Inferior Vena Cava Filters 275
Merrill H. Stewart and James S. Jenkins

24 Endovascular Treatment for Vascular Trauma 291
Hallie E. Baer-Bositis, Georges M. Haidar, Taylor D. Hicks and Mark G. Davies

Index 307

 

 

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Proteus explores the idea that Rheumatoid arthritis is caused by a urinary tract infection as a result of Proteus bacteria. Rheumatoid arthritis is a severe, painful and crippling disease affecting millions of people throughout the world, especially women. Genetic studies over the last 30 years have shown that individuals who possess the white cell blood groups HLA-DR1/4 carry a susceptibility sequence and are more likely to develop the disease. This book uses the methods of Sir Karl Popper, the philosopher of science, to present 12 “Popper sequences” which have been identified to indicate that Proteus is the causative agent of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Rheumatoid Arthritis and Proteus proposes that Anti-Proteus therapies should be followed as early as possible to prevent the crippling and irreversible joint deformities that occur in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Obesity is considered a complex and multifactorial disease. Its treatment, therefore, must also be multimodal and tailored to meet the needs of each patient.

Obesity: Evaluation and Treatment Essentials presents a wide spectrum of practical treatment protocols for obesity including exercise, pharmacology, behavior modification, and dietary factors, from the point of view of the practicing physician. The book includes information about the new pharmacotherapy available for the treatment of obesity. It also includes a chapter on medical treatment of pediatric obesity that identifies the special needs of children and outlines approaches for managing the obese child. A chapter on binge eating disorder has been added and the information on pharmacology of bariatric medicine has been updated.

The book addresses various dietary interventions such as low-calorie balanced diets, low-carbohydrate diets, and very-low-carbohydrate diets while also exploring the comorbidities of obesity such as hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and Type II diabetes.
Written by prominent members of the Obesity Medicine Association and a multidisciplinary team of clinicians and researchers, the book showcases successful treatment methods by including personal key points by clinicians in each chapter. This comprehensive resource is an invaluable, user-friendly tool for bariatric physicians and surgeons, endocrinologists, diabetologists, nutritionists, and dieticians, as well as all other professionals who currently treat obesity.

This book introduces the advanced topics regarding renal failure including manifold findings of physiologic, pathophysiologic and clinical aspects in the kidney. The kidney plays a crucial physiologic role in the regulation of urinary formation, fluid balance, nutrition metabolism, blood pressure and other aspects in the living body. Renal failure is a condition of a decline or loss of kidney function due to deficiency of functioning nephrons. Acute renal failure is a syndrome, which is characterized by acute decline or loss of kidney function due to temporary disfunctioning or blocking of nephrons. Acute renal failure is a reversible condition and is a secondary manifestation, a complication of another underlying critical illness. Chronic renal failure is a condition of slow, gradual decline of kidney function due to irreversible destruction of nephrons. This book provides recent information concerning acute and chronic renal failure in clinical aspects, and is constituted in five chapters.

 Respiratory problems are the most common cause of acute admission to hospital. A variety of diagnostic investigations are required, both for acute and clinic assessment. Making Sense of Lung Function Tests, Second Edition familiarises both trainees and more experienced clinicians with the interpretation of a range of respiratory parameters. It places lung function in a clinical context using real-life examples and provides invaluable hands-on guidance.

For this second edition Consultant Respiratory Physician Jonathan Dakin and Consultant Anaesthetist Elena Kourteli are joined by Mark Mottershaw, Chief Respiratory Physiologist from Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, all contributing a broad range of expertise and perspectives. Together they have updated the book throughout and added new chapters including an algorithm for interpretation of pulmonary function tests, exhaled nitric oxide (FE_NO) and cardiopulmonary exercise testing.

The text offers a clear explanation of the concepts which students find difficult, including:

 

• The basis of obstructive and restrictive defects

 

 

• Pattern recognition of the flow volume loop

 

 

• Differences between TL_CO and K_CO

 

 

• Assessment of oxygenation using PO₂ and SO₂

 

 

• The basis of Type 1 and type 2 respiratory failure

 

 

• Distinguishing respiratory and metabolic acidosis

 

 

• The relationship between sleep and respiratory failure

 

The information is presented in an accessible way, suitable for those seeking a basic grounding in spirometry or blood gases, but also sufficiently comprehensive for readers completing specialist training in general or respiratory medicine.

This textbook provides a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of the field of hernia surgery, and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in both inguinal and ventral/incisional hernia. This book provides an overview of the current understanding of the biologic basis of hernia formation as well as laying the foundation for the importance of hernia research and evaluating outcomes in hernia repair. Diagnosis and management strategies for inguinal and ventral hernia are discussed in detail with separate techniques sections for the most widely used procedures in this field as well as emerging technologies such a robotic and single incision surgery.

Pertinent associated topics to inguinal hernia surgery such as chronic groin and athletic pubalgia are covered in detail. For incisional hernias, associated topics such as hernia prevention and enhanced recovery protocols are discussed. For both inguinal and ventral/incisional hernias mesh choices and available mesh technologies are discussed in detail as this remains an often confusing matter for the general surgery. When appropriate, chapters to highlight controversies in care are featured such as the use of synthetic mesh in contaminated surgery and laparoscopic closure of defects in laparoscopic ventral hernia repair.

Current recommendations and outcomes data are highlighted when available for each technique. Textbook of Surgery will serve as a very useful resource for physicians and researchers dealing with, and interested in, abdominal wall hernias. It will provide a concise yet comprehensive summary of the current status of the field that will help guide patient management and stimulate investigative efforts.

 This new book on vascular malformations brings together international experts to present advances and discuss controversies in the multidisciplinary management of patients with congenital vascular malformations.

 MASTER MODERN MEDICINE!

Introducing the Landmark Twentieth Edition of the Global Icon of Internal Medicine

The definitive guide to internal medicine is more essential than ever with the latest in disease mechanisms, updated clinical trial results and recommended guidelines, state-of-the art radiographic images, therapeutic approaches and specific treatments, hundreds of demonstrative full-color drawings, and practical clinical decision trees and algorithms.

Recognized by healthcare professionals worldwide as the leading authority on applied pathophysiology and clinical medicine, Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine gives you the informational foundation you need to provide the best patient care possible.

Essential for practice and education, the landmark 20th Edition features:

•                     Thoroughly revised content—covering the many new breakthroughs and advances in clinical medicine that have occurred since the last edition of Harrison’s. Chapters on acute and chronic hepatitis, management of diabetes, immune-based therapies in cancer, multiple sclerosis, cardiovascular disease, HIV, and many more, deliver the very latest information on disease mechanisms, diagnostic options, and the specific treatment guidance you need to provide optimal patient care.

•                     State-of-the-art coverage of disease mechanisms: Harrison’s focuses on pathophysiology with rigor, and with the goal of linking disease mechanisms to treatments. Improved understanding of how diseases develop and progress not only promotes better decision-making and higher value care, but also makes for fascinating reading and improved retention. Harrison’s summarizes important new basic science developments, such as the role of mitochondria in programmed and necrotic cell death, the immune system’s role in cancer development and treatment, the impact of telomere shortening in the aging and disease processes, and the role of the microbiome in health and disease. Understanding the role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease, the precise mechanisms of immune deficiency in HIV/AIDS, prions and misfolded proteins in neurodegenerative diseases, and obesity as a predisposition to diabetes are just a few examples of how this edition provides essential pathophysiology information for health professionals.

•                     All-new sections covering a wide range of new and emerging areas of vital interest to all healthcare professionals. New sections include: Sex and Gender-based Issues in Medicine; Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus, and Metabolic Syndrome; and Consultative Medicine— Plus, a new Part covering cutting-edge topics in research and clinical medicine includes great new chapters on the role of Epigenetics in Health and Disease, Behavioral Strategies to Improve Health, Genomics and Infectious Diseases, Emerging Neuro-Therapeutic Technologies, and Telomere Function in Health and Disease, and Network System Medicine.

•                     Important and timely new chapters—such as Promoting Good Health, LGBT Health, Systems of Healthcare, Approach to Medical Consultation, Pharmacogenomics, Antimicrobial Resistance, Worldwide Changes in Patterns of Infectious Diseases, Neuromyelitis Optica, and more—offer the very latest, definitive perspectives on must-know topics in medical education and practice. 

•                     Updated clinical guidelines, expert opinions, and treatment approaches from world-renowned editors and authors contribute to the accuracy and immediacy of the text material and present a clear blueprint for optimizing patient outcomes.

•                     End-of-chapter suggested readings reinforcement

 

 

 

 

Presents comprehensive coverage of the many microvascular complications of diabetes

Diabetes remains one of the main causes, in the western world, of legal blindness, end stage renal disease, and amputation, despite the implementation of tight glycemic control and the great progress in the management and care of our patients. This book provides a useful and handy tool to professionals and students in the field of diabetes and its microvascular complications by integrating information from clinical settings as well as from the frontlines of diabetic research. It provides readers with up-to-date diagnostic criteria, classifications, and therapeutic approaches. and recent discoveries on mechanisms of disease, experimental therapeutic agents, and biomarkers of disease. 

Written by top experts in the field, Microvascular Disease in Diabetes offers in-depth chapters covering pathophysiology; the genetics of diabetic microvascular disease; and the epigenetics of diabetic microvascular disease. It then provides sections featuring both clinical and research information on diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathy, and diabetic foot. It also looks at coronary microvascular dysfunction and cerebral microvascular disease.

·         Integrates new and accessible material on diabetic microvascular comorbidities

·         Covers all relevant microvascular systems

·         Provides a much-needed resource synthesizing research and clinical applications to treating microvascular complications of diabetes

·         Presents current diagnostic criteria, classifications, and therapeutic approaches, as well as recent discoveries on the mechanisms of disease, experimental therapeutic agents, and biomarkers of disease

Assembled in an easily consultable manner, Microvascular Disease in Diabetes is an excellent text for investigators, clinicians, and students looking to improve their understanding of diabetic complications.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

FRANCESCO TECILAZICH, MD, PhD, is a physician and scientist in the Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases department of the Ospedale San Raffaele—Vita Salute San Raffaele University in Milan, Italy.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword to: Microvascular Disease in Diabetes xv

Editor Biography xvii

List of Contributors xix

1 Introduction 1
Andrea Giustina and Stefano Frara

References 3

2 Pathophysiology 5
Francesco Tecilazich

Introduction 5

Anatomo-Physiology of Microvessels 5

Regulation of Microvascular Tone 6

Endothelial-Dependent Vasodilation 6

Endothelial-Independent Vasodilation 6

Nerve Axon Reflex (NARV) 7

Myogenic Response 7

Functional Hyperemia 7

Venoarteriolar Response (VAR) 8

Structural Changes in the Microcirculation 8

Functional Changes in the Microcirculation 8

Endothelial Dysfunction 8

VSMC Dysfunction 9

NARV Impairment 9

Defective Myogenic Response 10

Reduced Functional Hyperemia 10

Endothelial Dysfunction 11

Role of the Immune System and Leukostasis 11

Role of Hyperglycemia 12

AGEs 12

Polyol Pathway 12

Oxidative Stress 13

PKC 13

Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β 14

Hexosamine Pathway 14

PARP 14

ET-1 14

Vasoconstrictor Prostanoid Synthesis 15

Role of Insulin Resistance 15

Role of Inflammation 15

References 16

3 Genetics of Diabetic Microvascular Disease 23
Niina Sandholm and Carol Forsblom

Introduction 23

Genetics of DKD 23

Heritability of DKD 23

Candidate Genes for DKD 24

Linkage Studies for DKD 25

Genome-Wide Association Studies on DKD 25

Sequencing Efforts for DKD 29

Genetics of Diabetic Retinopathy 30

Heritability of Diabetic Retinopathy 30

Candidate Genes for Diabetic Retinopathy 30

Linkage Studies for Diabetic Retinopathy 31

GWAS on Diabetic Retinopathy 31

Sequencing Efforts for Diabetic Retinopathy 33

Genetics of Diabetic Neuropathy 33

Heritability of Diabetic Neuropathy 33

Candidate Genes for Diabetic Neuropathy 33

GWASs on Diabetic Neuropathy 34

Future Directions 34

Larger Studies are Needed 34

How to Define the Phenotype? 35

Variability in the Phenotypic Definitions 35

Criteria for Controls 36

Do Genetics of Microvascular Complications in T1D and T2D Differ? 36

Low-Frequency and Rare Variants May Affect Diabetic Complications 36

Sequencing of Rare and Low-Frequency Variants 36

Linkage Analysis with GWAS Data 37

Genetics May Reveal Biology and Infer Causality 37

Conclusions 37

References 37

4 Epigenetics of Diabetic Microvascular Disease 45
Luciano Pirola

Diabetic Complications Include Microvascular and Macrovascular Injury 45

The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (DCCT/EDIC) Study in Type 1 Diabetic Patients, and the UKPDS Study in Type 2 Diabetic Patients, Support the Existence of the Hyperglycemic Memory Phenomenon 46

DCCT/EDIC Study 46

The UKPDS Study 46

Models of Hyperglycemic Memory 47

Animal Models 47

Cell Culture Models 48

The “Epigenetic Code” 48

DNA Methylation 49

Histone Methylation in Models of Hyperglycemic Variability 49

Epigenetic Changes in Microvascular Models of Glycemic Memory 50

MiRNAs Contribute to the Control of Glucose Homeostasis and are Dysregulated in Diabetes 52

Future Prospects 52

References 54

5 Diabetic Retinopathy – Clinical 59
Francesco Bandello, Rosangela Lattanzio, Alessandro Marchese, and Emanuela Aragona

Introduction 59

Epidemiology 60

Screening 60

Risk Factors 61

Clinical Patterns 61

Non-Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (NPDR) 61

Clinical Findings 62

Diagnostic Tools 64

Treatment Strategies 65

Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy (PDR) 65

Clinical Findings 65

Diagnostic Tools 67

Treatment Strategies 67

Diabetic Macular Edema (DME) 69

Classification 70

Clinical Findings 71

Diagnostic Tools 71

Treatment Strategies 71

Conclusions 73

References 74

6 Diabetic Retinopathy – Research 79
Gopalan Gnanaguru

Retina and Induction of Hyperglycemia 79

Hyperglycemia and Retinal Microvasculature 80

Hyperglycemia and Reactive Gliosis 80

Hyperglycemia and Neurodegeneration 81

Hyperglycemia and Inflammation 81

References 82

7 Diabetic Nephropathy – Clinical 85
Gianpaolo Zerbini

Epidemiology 85

Natural History 86

Stages of DN 86

Morphologic Changes 87

Pathophysiology 88

Clinical Course 89

Treatment 90

Primary Prevention 90

Secondary Prevention 91

Tertiary Prevention 91

Perspectives 91

References 92

8 Diabetic Nephropathy – Research 97
Silvia Maestroni and Gianpaolo Zerbini

Essential Hypertension and DN 97

Role of Genetics in the Pathogenesis of DN 99

Polyol Pathway and Non-Enzymatic Glycation 100

Environment 100

Perspectives 101

Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) and DN 101

B7-1 and DN 101

Animal Models 102

DN in Induced Model of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) 102

DN in Spontaneous Model of T1DM 103

Ins2^Akita Mice 103

Non-Obese Diabetic (NOD) Mice 104

OVE26 Friend leukemia virus B (FVB) Mice 104

DN in Spontaneous Models of T2DM 105

db/db Mice 105

References 105

9 Diabetic Neuropathy – Clinical 111
Christopher H. Gibbons

Introduction 111

Classification of Diabetic Neuropathies 111

Distal Symmetric Polyneuropathy (DSPN) 112

Diagnosis 113

Management 113

Small Fiber Neuropathy 114

Diagnosis 115

Management 115

Autonomic Neuropathy 116

Diagnosis 117

Management 117

Treatment-Induced Neuropathy of Diabetes (TIND) 119

Diagnosis 119

Management 120

Diabetic Radiculoplexopathy 120

Diagnosis 120

Management 121

Mononeuropathies 121

Diagnosis 121

Management 121

Cranial Neuropathies 121

Diagnosis 121

Management 122

Screening for Neuropathy 122

Summary of Management of Diabetic Neuropathy 122

References 123

10 Diabetic Neuropathy – Research 129
Krish Chandrasekaran, Lindsay A. Zilliox, and James W. Russell

Basic and Translational Research in Diabetic Neuropathy 129

Animal Models of Diabetic Neuropathy 129

Basic Pathophysiology of Diabetic Neuropathy 131

Changes in Redox Potential 131

Role of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Diabetic Neuropathy 133

Protein Kinase C (PKC) and Neuropathy 137

Advanced Glycation End Products 137

Modifying Molecular Chaperones 138

Inflammation and Neuropathy 138

TGF-β and Neuropathy 138

Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors (mGluRs) and Oxidative Injury 139

Growth Factors and Diabetes 139

Clinical Research in Diabetic Neuropathy 140

Treatment of Hypertension 141

Improved Glycemic Control 141

Diet and Lifestyle Interventions 142

Alpha-Lipoic Acid 144

Benfotiamine and Neuropathy 145

Treatment of Neuropathic Pain 145

Acknowledgments 146

References 147

11 Diabetic Foot – Clinical 157
Cristian Nicoletti

Introduction and Size of the Problem 157

Pathogenesis of Diabetic Foot Complications 158

Neuropathy 158

Peripheral Vascular Disease 158

Other Risk Factors 159

Prevention 159

Treatment 160

Treatment of Neuropathic Diabetic Foot Ulcers: Offloading 160

Treatment of PAD: Revascularization 161

Diabetic Foot Infections (DFIs) 163

Introduction 163

Diagnosis 163

Treatment 164

Wound Healing 166

Debridement 166

Dressings 167

Topical Negative Pressure Wound Therapy (NPWT) 167

Other Topical Treatments 167

References 167

12 Diabetic Foot – Research 173
Georgios Theocharidis and Aristidis Veves

Introduction 173

Anatomy of the Skin and Microcirculation 174

Structural Changes in the Microcirculation 174

Functional Changes in the Microcirculation 175

Functional Changes in the Diabetic Foot 176

Vasodilation 176

Endothelium-Dependent Vasodilation 177

Endothelium-Independent Vasodilation 178

Nerve Axon Reflex 179

Mechanisms of Endothelial Dysfunction 180

Endothelial Dysfunction and Hyperglycemia 180

Endothelial Dysfunction and Insulin Resistance 182

Endothelial Dysfunction and Inflammation 183

Pathophysiology of Diabetic Wound Healing 184

Hyperglycemia 184

Chronic Inflammation 184

Impaired Angiogenesis and Vasculogenesis 186

Hypoxia 186

Impaired Neuropeptide Signaling 186

Adjunctive Treatment Options 186

Bioengineered Skin Substitutes 187

Growth Factors 187

Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy 188

Negative Pressure Wound Therapy 188

Electrical Stimulation and Shockwave Therapy 189

Future Therapeutic Perspectives 189

Gene Therapies 189

Stem Cell Therapies 189

Norleu3-Angiotensin-(1–7) 190

Neuropeptides 190

Cytokine Inhibition 190

Conclusion 191

References 191

13 Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction in Diabetes – Clinical and Research 201
Guglielmo Gallone, Francesco Moroni, and Marco Magnoni

Introduction 201

Clinical Classification and Mechanisms of CMD 202

CMD in Diabetic Patients 203

Clinical Assessment of CMD 205

Non-Invasive Imaging Technique for the Assessment of CMD 205

Transthoracic Doppler Evaluation 205

Contrast Echocardiography 206

Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) Imaging 206

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) 207

Invasive Techniques for the Evaluation of CBF 207

Indicator Dilution-Based Methods 207

Thermodilution 208

Gas Wash Out Method 208

Intracoronary Doppler Flow Wire 208

Treatment for CMD 210

The Effects of Glucose-Lowering Drugs on CMD 211

Future Perspectives for the Treatment of CMD in Diabetes 211

References 212

14 Cerebral Microvascular Disease in Diabetes – Clinical and Research 221
Eelco van Duinkerken and Richard G. IJzerman

Introduction 221

Postmortem Studies of the Brain in Diabetes 222

Cerebral Small Vessel Disease on MRI 223

MRI-Measured Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Type 1 Diabetic Patients 224

White Matter Hyperintensities 224

Cerebral Microbleeds 226

Summary 226

Type 2 Diabetes and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease 227

Lacunar Infarcts 227

White Matter Hyperintensities 228

Cerebral Microbleeds 230

Synthesis 230

Clinical Impact of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease in Diabetes 231

Cognitive Functioning 231

Stroke 233

Dementia 234

The Influence of Microvascular Disease on the Structure and Functioning of the Diabetic Brain 235

Type 1 Diabetes 236

Type 2 Diabetes 237

Conclusions and Future Directions 239

References 240

Index 247

 

 

 

 

A valuable new reference in the diagnosis and image-guided treatment of congenital heart defects

Congenital heart defects represent the most common birth defect and affect millions of children worldwide.

Defects of the heart and great vessels span a broad spectrum. Modern medical progress has enabled more than 90% of patients to reach adulthood. In many cases, however, patients remain ill throughout their lives, with significant limits on quality of life and physical capacity. Our ongoing goals are to improve treatment options even further.

This book details all important imaging techniques for diagnosing congenital heart defects and assessing their severity. The author is a highly experienced expert in his field, making his clinical experience available to readers who can then implement that knowledge in their own daily routine.

Key Features:

·         All key imaging modalities, including 2D and 3D echocardiography, cardiac catheter exams, MRI and MR angiography, CT, and chest X-ray

·         Descriptions of general and technical fundamentals, a structure based on clinical pictures, and current standard values

·         Crucial information emphasized in callout boxes and tabular overviews

·         Supports the professional dialogue between all the involved caretakers

·         Richly illustrated with more than 1,000 stunning images from the newest generation of devices

Gutberlet's Diagnostic Imaging of Congenital Heart Defects: Diagnosis and Image-Guided Treatment will be welcomed by pediatric and general radiologists as a comprehensive, multimodality guide to the diagnosis and management of congenital heart defects.

This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

Table of Contents:

 

1 Cardiogenesis and Classification of Congenital Heart Defects

2 Surgical Treatment for Congenital Heart Defects

3 Technical Basics of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging

4 Clinical Pictures

5 Standard Values and Formulas

 

 

 

State-of-the-art resource details effective breast MRI techniques for improved screening and diagnosis

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the breast has evolved into an important breast cancer screening tool and major advance in women's health. Breast MRI is currently the most sensitive detection technique for both non-invasive and invasive cancers and follow-up in women with a new breast cancer diagnosis. It is increasingly becoming the go-to imaging method for screening women at high and intermediate risk of breast cancer and those with dense breast tissue on mammography. Yet despite its reliability and growing use, many radiologists lack the expertise to accurately perform breast MR image interpretation.

Breast MRI Interpretation: Text and Online Case Analysis for Screening and Diagnosis by Gillian Newstead reflects insights and expertise from one of the leading authorities on breast imaging. The book is a highly practical reference on evaluation and interpretation of breast MR imaging, with discussion of the modality as a screening and diagnostic tool. Topics include image acquisition and interpretation, clinical implementation, managing findings, and overcoming problems.

 

Key Highlights

·         More than 1,800 illustrations from the University of Chicago including single selected images, side-by-side images at different time points and acquisition parameters, and 3-D images enhance understanding of breast imaging

·         Select online case studies enable readers to review and interpret entire MRI datasets

·         Discussion of advanced acquisition techniques and future potential applications including non-contrast imaging, quantitative dynamic imaging, and artificial intelligence using advanced computer analytic methods

This remarkable resource streamlines the breast MRI process, enabling radiologists to incorporate this imaging modality into practice, conduct screening and diagnostic exams more efficaciously, and interpret findings accurately.

 

 

DESCRIPTION

The seventh edition of the most authoritative and comprehensive book published on lung function, now completely revised and restructured

A practical guide to autoimmune liver diseases through pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management

In Autoimmune Liver Disease Management and Clinical Practice, practitioners will learn about the current state of autoimmune liver disease and how to focus on their diagnosis and treatment. The four-part book begins with a thorough investigation of current immunological thinking as it relates to the autoimmunity of the liver. It also covers the four major hepatic autoimmune liver diseases in both adults and children, their management and the role of liver transplantation, and learned approaches to patient management and empowerment.

Expert authors in the field have come together to provide a thorough examination of autoimmune liver disease to help support clinicians assisting patients. The text provides an in-depth look at topics including:

●      The four major hepatic autoimmune liver diseases, their diagnosis, and potential disease management

●      The use (and misuse) of autoantibodies in diagnosis and treatment

●      The role and timing of liver transplantation and the impact of recurrent autoimmune liver disease as well as de novo autoimmune hepatitis

●      Optimal approaches to managing patients and keeping care personalised

With breadth, depth and current-day relevance, Autoimmune Liver Disease sheds light on recent developments in management of liver disease for practitioners, nurses, and health care professionals.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

John Cotes, PhD, (deceased), was a respiratory physiologist who played a key role in the conquest of Everest in 1953. He also played prominent roles in the European Respiratory Society, the Thoracic Society, and the Association of Respiratory Technicians and Physiologists, and was an honorary fellow of the Faculty of Occupational Medicine.

Robert L. Maynard, CBE, FRCP, FRCPath, is an Honorary Professor of Environmental Medicine at the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Sarah J. Pearce, FRCP, is Formerly Consultant Physician at County Durham and Darlington NHS Foundation Trust, Darlington, UK.

Benoit B. Nemery, MD, PhD, is Professor of Toxicology & Occupational Medicine for the Faculty of Medicine at the Department of Public Health and Primary Care, KU Leuven, Belgium.

Peter D. Wagner, MD, is Distinguished Professor of Medicine & Bioengineering at the University of California, San Diego, CA, USA.

Brendan G. Cooper, PhD, FERS, FRSB, is Consultant Clinical Scientist in Respiratory and Sleep Physiology at University Hospital Birmingham and holds an Honorary Professorship in Respiratory & Sleep Physiology at the University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preface xxvii

Contributors xxix

Part I Introduction 1

1 How We Came to Have Lungs and How Our Understanding of Lung Function has Developed 3

Part II Foundations 21

2 Getting Started 23

3 Development and Functional Anatomy of the Respiratory System 33
Sungmi Jung and Richard Fraser

4 Body Size and Anthropometric Measurements 45

5 Numerical Interpretation of Physiological Variables 57
J. Martin Bland

6 Basic Terminology and Gas Laws 75
Adrian Kendrick

7 Basic Equipment and Measurement Techniques 91
Brendan G. Cooper

8 Respiratory Surveys 117
Peter G.J. Burney

9 The Application of Analytical Technique Applied to Expired Air as a Means of Monitoring Airway and Lung Function 129
Paolo Paredi and Peter Barnes

Part III Physiology and Measurement of Lung Function 149

10 Chest Wall and Respiratory Muscles 151
Andre De Troyer and John Moxham

11 Lung Volumes 177

12 Lung and Chest Wall Elasticity 187
G. John Gibson

13 Forced Ventilatory Volumes and Flows 203
Riccardo Pellegrino

14 Theory and Measurement of Respiratory Resistance 217
Jason H.T. Bates

15 The Control of Airway Function and the Assessment of Airway Calibre 231
Eric Derom

16 Ventilation, Blood Flow, and Their Inter‐Relationships 259
G. Kim Prisk

17 Transfer of Gases into the Blood of Alveolar Capillaries 301
Eric Derom and Guy F. Joos

18 Transfer Factor (Tl) for carbon monoxide (CO) and nitric oxide (NO) 313
Colin D.R. Borland and Mike Hughes

19 Oxygen 353
Dan S. Karbing and Stephen E. Rees

20 Carbon Dioxide 377
Erik R. Swenson

21 Control of Respiration 389
Bertien M.‐A. Buyse

22 The Sensation of Breathing 407
Mathias Schroijen, Paul W. Davenport, Omer Van den Bergh, and Ilse Van Diest

23 Breathing Function in Newborn Babies 423
Urs P. Frey and Philipp Latzin

Part IV Normal Variation in Lung Function 435

24 Normal Lung Function from Childhood to Old Age 437
Andrew Bush and Michael D.L. Morgan

25 Reference Values for Lung Function in White Children and Adults 463

26 Reference Values for Lung Function in Non‐White Adults and Children 499

Part V Exercise 517

27 Physiology of Exercise and Effects of Lung Disease on Performance 519

28 Exercise Testing and Interpretation, Including Reference Values 553

29 Assessment of Exercise Limitation, Disability, and Residual Ability 577

30 Exercise in Children 587
Andrew Bush

Part VI Breathing During Sleep 595

31 Breathing During Sleep and its Investigation 597
Joerg Steier

Part VII Potentially Adverse Environments 615

32 Hypobaria 617
James Milledge

33 Immersion in Water, Hyperbaria, and Hyperoxia Including Oxygen Therapy 639
Einar Thorsen

34 Effects of Cold and Heat on the Lung 653
Malcolm Sue‐Chu

Part VIII Lung Function in Clinical Practice 661

35 Strategies for Assessment of Lung Function 663
James Hull

36 Patterns of Abnormal Lung Function in Lung Disease 673
William Kinnear

37 Lung Function in Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, and Lung Fibrosis 681
Wim Janssens and Pascal Van Bleyenbergh

38 Lung Function in Specific Respiratory and Systemic Diseases 697
Stephen J. Bourke

39 Pulmonary Rehabilitation 729
Sally Singh

40 Lung Function in Relation to Surgery, Anaesthesia, and Intensive Care 737
Goran Hedenstierna

Index 751

 

This new edition is a unique combined resource for physicians and scientists addressing the needs of both groups. In addition to stimulating exchange and collaboration and shortening the path between discovery and application of new knowledge, the book helps clinicians understand new therapeutic concepts from their origins. The volume serves as a comprehensive guide to the current diagnostic modalities, including enhanced imaging techniques such as MRI and CT enterography, virtual colonoscopy, ultrasound, and endomicroscopy, as well as conventional and complex immunomodulatory principles. The latest edition also includes revised chapters from the previous edition, as well as new chapters reflecting current developments in the field.

Written by experts in their field, Crohn’s Disease and Ulcerative Colitis: From Epidemiology and Immunobiology to a Rational Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach, Second Edition is of great value to gastroenterologists, surgeons, internists, pediatricians and gynecologists trainees, as well as all those involved in Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, and related autoimmune disorders.

Improvements in the detection of fetal and neonatal brain injuries, advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology, cellular and molecular bases of encephalopathy, and new treatment options have all combined to produce significant changes in the management of neonatal brain disorders in the past few years. This new edition of Fetal and Neonatal Brain Injury brings the reader fully up to date with all advances in clinical management and outcome assessment. Updated material includes inflammation focusing in particular on chorioamnionitis and fetal brain injury; genetic brain injury; and expanded sections on cholestasis, diabetes, and thyroid disease. An updated, highly illustrated chapter on structural and functional imaging of the fetal and neonatal brain is also included. An outstanding international team of highly experienced neonatologists and maternal-fetal medicine clinicians have produced a practical, authoritative clinical text that gives clear management advice to all clinicians involved in the treatment of these patients.

Description: Anesthesiologists, residents, and advanced practice practitioners alike rely upon the comprehensive content of Hagberg and Benumof’s Airway Management to remain proficient in this essential area. The 4th Edition, by Drs. Carin A. Hagberg, Carlos A. Artime, and Michael F. Aziz, continues the tradition of excellence with coverage of new devices and algorithms, new research, new outcomes reporting, and much more - while retaining a concise, how-to approach; carefully chosen illustrations; and case examples and analysis throughout.
Features:
Offers expert, full-color guidance on pre- and post-intubation techniques and protocols, from equipment selection through management of complications. Includes access to more than 25 videos online, including ultrasonography and non-invasive airway management and flexible scope intubation.
New To This Edition:
Includes the latest ASA guidelines, as well as six all-new chapters including airway management in nonoperating room locations (NORA), airway management and outcomes reporting, and more. Features completely rewritten chapters on airway pharmacology, algorithms for management of the difficult airway, airway assessment, video-assisted laryngoscopy, and many more. Reviews new airway devices and techniques, along with indications for and confirmation of tracheal intubation. Brings you up to date with the latest devices, the DAS extubation algorithm, the Vortex approach, and emergency cricothyrotomy. Expert Consult™ eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Table Of Contents:
Hagberg and Benumof's Airway Management, 4e Preface Foreword PART 1 Basic Clinical Science Considerations 1. Functional anatomy of the airway 2. Radiographic and cross-sectional imaging of the airway 3. Ultrasonography in airway management 4. Physics of the airway 5. Physiology of the airway 6. Airway pharmacology 7. Physiologic and pathophysiologic responses to intubation PART 2 The Difficult Airway: Definition, Recognition, and the ASA Algorithm 8. Definition and incidence of the difficult airway 9. Airway assessment and prediction of the difficult airway 10. Development of an airway management plan 11. Algorithms for management of the difficult airway PART 3 Preintubation-Ventilation Procedures 12. Preparation of the patient for awake intubation 13. Aspiration prevention and prophylaxis: preoperative considerations for the full stomach patient 14. Preoxygenation 15. Techniques to Induce General Anesthesia PART 4 The Airway Techniques 16. History of airway management 17. Oxygen delivery systems, inhalation and respiratory therapy 18. Noninvasive management of the airway 19. Supraglottic airway techniques: Laryngeal mask airways 20. Supraglottic airway techniques: Nonlaryngeal mask airways 21. Laryngoscopic tracheal intubation 22. Blind intubation techniques 23. Intubating introducers, lighted and optical stylets 24. Video-assisted laryngoscopy 25. Flexible scope intubation techniques 26. Lung isolation techniques 27. Percutaneous emergency airway access 28. Rigid bronchoscopy 29. Surgical airway 30. Confirmation of tracheal intubation PART 5 Difficult Airway Situations 31. Prehospital airway management 32. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation and airway management 33. Austere environment and disaster preparedness 34. Airway Management in the Trauma Patient 35. Airway management in burn patients 36. Airway management in pediatric patients 37. Airway management in obstetric patients 38. Airway management in head and neck surgery 39. Anesthesia for laser airway surgery 40. Airway management in neurosurgical patients 41. Obesity, Sleep Apnea, the Airway, and Anesthesia 42. Regional anesthesia and the difficult airway 43. Airway management in nonoperating room locations 44. Airway management in intensive care medicine PART 6 Postintubation Procedures 45. Endotracheal tube and respiratory care 46. Mechanical ventilation 47. Monitoring the airway and pulmonary function 48. Extubation and reintubation of the difficult airway 49. Complications of managing the airway PART 7 Societal Considerations 50. Airway management education 51. Dissemination of critical airway information 52. Airway Research 53. Airway management and outcomes reporting 54. Role of the airway community Index