Pocket Radiation Oncology is a practical, high-yield reference offering current, evidence-based practices and expert guidance from physicians at the world-renowned MD Anderson Cancer Center. Featuring an easy-to-use, loose-leaf format, it serves as a concise clinical companion and board study guide for medical students, residents, and attending physicians in radiation oncology. Follows the popular Pocket Notebook format, featuring bulleted lists, tables, diagrams, and algorithms that make essential facts easy to find and retain. Emphasizes key literature and clinical trials in every section. Provides solutions to day-to-day management decisions in radiation oncology, including management of radiation induced symptoms, radiation physics, radiation biology, pediatrics, and radiation emergencies.

·  Contents

·  RADIATION ONCOLOGY PRINCIPLES

·  Radiation Biology

·  Radiation Physics

·  Imaging and Radiology

·  Chemotherapy and Immunotherapy

·  Clinical Statistics

·  SPECIAL RADIATION TECHNIQUES

·  Brachytherapy

·  Proton Therapy

·  Oligometastatic Disease

·  Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

·  Stereotactic CNS Radiosurgery

·  CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

·  Low-Grade Gliomas

·  High-Grade Gliomas

·  Meningioma

·  Benign CNS

·  Pituitary Adenoma and Craniopharyngioma

·  PEDIATRICS

·  Medulloblastoma

·  Ependymoma

·  Intracranial Germ Cell Tumor

·  Wilms Tumor

·  Neuroblastoma

·  Ewing Sarcoma

·  Rhabdomyosarcoma

·  Osteosarcoma/Retinoblastoma/Brainstem Glioma

·  Late Effects

·  HEAD & NECK

·  Oral Cavity

·  Oropharynx

·  Sinonasal and Nasopharynx

·  Larynx and Hypopharynx

·  Salivary Gland Neoplasms

·  Thyroid Cancer

·  Unknown Head and Neck Primary

·  THORACIC

·  Early-Stage NSCLC

·  Stage III NSCLC

·  Small Cell Lung Cancer

·  Thymoma and Thymic Carcinoma

·  Mesothelioma

·  Esophageal Cancer

·  GASTROINTESTINAL

·  Colorectal Cancer

·  Anal Cancer

·  Pancreatic Cancer

·  Gastric Cancer

·  Hepatobiliary Cancer

·  BREAST

·  General Breast Cancer

·  Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS)

·  Early-Stage Breast Cancer (ESBC)

·  Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (LABC)

·  Inflammatory/Recurrent Breast Cancer

·  GENITOURINARY

·  Prostate Cancer (Definitive)

·  Prostate Cancer (Adjuvant/Salvage)

·  Bladder Cancer

·  Testicular Cancer

·  Penile Cancer

·  GYNECOLOGIC

·  Cervical Cancer

·  Endometrial Cancer

·  Vaginal Cancer

·  Vulvar Cancer

·  Ovarian Cancer

·  SKIN/SARCOMA

·  Soft Tissue Sarcoma

·  Melanoma

·  Non-melanoma Skin Cancer

·  Merkel Cell Carcinoma

·  LYMPHOMA

·  Hodgkin Lymphoma

·  Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

·  Miscellaneous Hematologic Malignancies

·  RADIATION EMERGENCIES, BENIGN DISEASE, AND PALLIATION

·  Brain Metastases

·  Spine Metastases

·  Non-spine Bone Metastases

·  Radiation Emergencies

·  Benign Disease: Non-neural

·  Clinical Setup

Description:

Students’ favorite review resource for studying the essentials of medical pharmacology, Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews: Pharmacology , Seventh Edition, presents up-to-date drug information in an accessible format ideal for a fast, effective refresher.

Part of the popular Lippincott® Illustrated Reviews series, this concise resource features clear, effective writing and hundreds of illustrations that break down complex information for rapid review. Sequential images present mechanisms of action and focus on showing rather than telling students how drugs work, and review questions with answers deliver powerful, practical exam preparation.

Updated drug information reflects the most current, clinically relevant pharmacology material.

Approachable outline format distills complex information for easier review.

High-quality illustrations reinforce understanding in vibrant detail.

Enhanced review questions with answers test students’ understanding and identify areas for further study.

 

 

 

Handbook for Principles and Practice of Gynecologic Oncology provides a practical, comprehensive yet concise guide for fellows, residents, and specialist trainees in the diagnosis and management of gynecologic cancers. The book is easy to read and designe

Have an idea for a new tool or instrument? This a great resource to use to bring your invention ideas to the bedside! Written for clinicians, researchers, students, and entrepreneurs, this concise yet comprehensive review presents a clear process to identify, invent, and implement new technology solutions that aid in effective and safe practice in orthopedic surgery. Includes practical advice on how to scope and scale markets, develop ideas within institutions, create business plans, and identify business partners. Written by a team of medical, engineering, and business experts, including executives from the equipment industry. Reflects the medical device industry's increased globalization and focus on value-conscious healthcare. Features stories of technological developments that have shaped modern orthopaedic surgery practice. Reviews and evaluates emerging technologies, including reasons for success, reasons for failure, and lessons that can be applied to new solutions. Enrich Your Ebook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone.Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

·  Cover

·  Title

·  Copyright

·  Preface

·  Contributor List

·  Table of Contents

·  Chapter 1 Identifying an Unmet Need

·  Chapter 2 Market Analysis—Determining Market Size

·  Chapter 3 Competitive Analysis: Understanding Your Unique Market Position

·  Chapter 4 Forming a Solution: Defining Product Requirements Before Concept Development

·  Chapter 5 Vetting the Concept

·  Chapter 6 Prior Art Search: Can Your Solution be Patented?

·  Chapter 7 Concept Development, Selection, and Testing—Passion and Planning Go Hand-­in-­Hand

·  Chapter 8 Engineering Resources: First Steps to Making a Tangible Prototype

·  Chapter 9 Patent Strategy: How do You Protect Your Intellectual Property?

·  Chapter 10 Regulatory Basics: What Does it Take to Start Selling Your Device?

·  Chapter 11 Research and Development and The Importance of Testing

·  Chapter 12 What is Needed to Produce Medical Devices in Large Volumes?

·  Chapter 13 FDA Marketing Authorization: How to Get Your Device on The US Market

·  Chapter 14 Reimbursement Basics: Who is The Customer and How Will You Profit?

·  Chapter 15 Business Models

·  Chapter 16 Marketing, Sales, and Distribution

·  Chapter 17 Business Operations: What is Needed For Sustainable Revenues

·  Chapter 18 Funding Approaches: Who, When, Why, and in Exchange For What?

·  Chapter 19 Alternative Pathways: Reconsidering Licensing and/or Codevelopment

·  Chapter 20 Postlaunch Physician Relationships: How You Maintain Loyalty?

·  Chapter 21 Successful Exit: Acquisition Considerations

·  Chapter 22 Concept to Commercialization Case #1: Pioneering The X-­Stop Interspinous Decompression Device

·  Chapter 23 IlluminOss: The World’s First Patient-­Conforming Polymer Intramedullary Implant

·  Chapter 24 Concept to Commercialization: SOMAVAC® Sustained Vacuum System

·  Glossary

·  Index

 

The Second Edition of "Pulmonary Physiology and Pathophysiology" presents normal and abnormal pulmonary function in the same case-based format that has made the first edition a favorite among students. Each chapter begins with a clinical case study of dis

Up-to-date and easy-to-navigate, A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests, 10th Edition is the perfect point-of-care guide for nurses and health professionals caring for patients undergoing diagnostic tests and procedures.

 

A Manual of Laboratory and Diagnostic Tests prepares nurses and health professionals to deliver safe, effective, and informed care for patients who are undergoing diagnostic tests and procedures. This proven book describes an extensive array of tests for diverse population, providing step-by-step guidance on correct procedure, tips for accurate interpretation, and expert information on patient preparation and aftercare.

  

The 10th edition is accompanied by a complete online teaching and learning package that includes new, updated case studies for application and a wide range of in-class activities and assignments. Fischbach features new and updated tests, updated reference values, and features such as Clinical Alerts and Procedural Alerts, which highlights critical safety and procedural information. This Manual is an ideal reference and point-of-care guide for educational and practice settings.  

  

“It clearly shows them what to do, how to do it, why we are doing it, and what to watch for”- Polly Gerber Zimmermann, RN MS MBA CEN FAEN, Associate Professor City Colleges of Chicago

 
This proven resource describes an extensive array of tests for diverse populations, providing step-by-step guidance on correct procedure, tps for accurate interpretation, and expert information on patient preparation and aftercare.

 

o    Find the right test with ease, whether you know the name or not.

o    Reference critical safety information at a glance with Clinical Alerts.

o    Quickly access relevant abbreviations and units of measurements.

o    Master key information with helpful tips, inclusion of both conventional and SI units, and coverage of clinical implications for increased and decreased values.

 Published in collaboration with the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, this highly respected resource provides the foundational knowledge medical students need to complete an Ob/Gyn rotation, pass national standardized exams, and competently care for women in clinical practice.

Now reflecting a greater focus on today's multidisciplinary approach to care, Critical Care Handbook of the Massachusetts General Hospital, 6th Edition, remains your go-to guide for practical, complete, and current information on medical and surgical critical care. The user-friendly, outline format is designed for rapid reference, providing reliable, hospital-tested protocols that reflect today's most advanced critical care practices. Key Features*Heavily revised to reflect today's need to include all care providers to optimize treatment*New section on Health Care Services, with chapters on handovers and transitions, long-term outcomes of ICU patients, EICU and electronic systems, quality improvement, and more*New chapters on critical care management of Ebola virus disease, ECMO and ventricular assist devices, and critical care of the obstetrical patient*New videos available online*Complete, concise, full-color coverage of this rapidly enlarging field*Convenient pocket size for on-the-go referenceNow with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, which can be downloaded to your tablet and smartphone or accessed online and includes features like:*Complete content with enhanced navigation*Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web*Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation*Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text* Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues*Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use

Concise, readable, practical and well-illustrated, the sixth edition of the Handbook of Kidney Transplantation has been thoroughly updated and revised to reflect the most current knowledge and practice in the field. Ideal for physicians, surgeons, fellows, and nurses who manage kidney transplant patients, it covers everything from treatment options for end-stage renal disease to transplantation, post-operative management and transplant immunology, focusing on every key aspect of the clinical practice of kidney transplantation. Includes new chapters on the Allocation of Deceased Donor Organs and Kidney Transplantation in the Developing World, as well as expanded chapters on living donation and immunosuppressive drugs and protocols. Outlines the major concerns surrounding renal transplantation and the most successful approaches to problems arising in short-term and long-term patient care. Covers immunobiology and immunosuppression, as well as surgery, histocompatibility, and short and long-term follow-up. Your book purchase includes a complimentary download of the enhanced eBook for iOS, Android, PC & Mac. Take advantage of these practical features that will improve your eBook experience: The ability to download the eBook on multiple devices at one time � providing a seamless reading experience online or offline Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that allow you to search within this book, or across your entire library of VitalSource eBooks Multiple viewing options that enable you to scale images and text to any size without losing page clarity as well as responsive design The ability to highlight text and add notes with one click.

·  1 Options for Patients with Advanced Kidney Disease

·  2 Transplantation Immunobiology

·  3 Histocompatibility Testing, Crossmatching, Immune Monitoring

·  4 The Science of Deceased Donor Kidney Transplantation

·  5 Allocation of Deceased Donor Kidneys

·  6 Immunosuppressive Medications and Protocols for Kidney Transplantation

·  7 Living Donor Kidney Transplantation

·  8 Evaluation of Adult Kidney Transplant Candidates

·  9 The Transplant Operation and Its Surgical Complications

·  10 Post-transplant: The First 3 Months

·  11 Post-transplant: Long-term Management and Complications

·  12 Infections in Kidney Transplantation

·  13 Kidney Transplantation and Liver Disease

·  14 Diagnostic Imaging in Kidney Transplantation, and Biopsy Technique

·  15 Histopathology of Kidney Transplantation

·  16 Options for the Diabetic Kidney Transplant Candidate

·  17 Kidney Transplantation in Children

·  18 Psychiatric Aspects of Kidney Transplantation

·  19 Organ Transplant Law and Ethics

·  20 Nutrition in Kidney Transplant Candidates

·  21 Psychosocial and Financial Aspects of Kidney Transplantation

·  22 Kidney Transplantation in the Developing World

·  23 The Declaration of Istanbul on Organ Trafficking and Transplant Tourism

Concise, easy to read, and designed for quick reference, Quick Guide to Kidney Transplantation is a compact resource for general nephrologists, residents, fellows, nurse practitioners, and others involved in the care of post-transplant patients. Focusing on must-know clinical information needed to provide optimal patient care, this expertly written guide helps you gain the knowledge and expertise you need in this complex area. Offers high-yield, easy-to-reference information on areas of kidney transplantation relevant to the general nephrologist, including the management of immunosuppressive therapy, acute and long-term complications, transplant medications, drug interactions, selection and evaluation of potential living donors, and more. Features concise text presented in bullet-point format and highlighted by full-color illustrations. Shares the knowledge and expertise of Drs. Phuong-Thu Pham and Phuong-Chi Pham of the David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA. Presents just the right amount of information needed to provide the best possible patient care and improve graft survival as well as patient survival.

·  1. Transplant Immunobiology

·  ABO BLOOD GROUP ANTIGENS

·  MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX, HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN MOLECULES

·  HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN–TYPING TECHNIQUES

·  Serotyping

·  DNA typing

·  Human leukocyte antigen nomenclature

·  MINOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY ANTIGEN

·  NON–HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGENS

·  ALLORECOGNITION PATHWAYS: DIRECT, INDIRECT, AND SEMIDIRECT ALLORECOGNITION

·  HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN ALLOSENSITIZATION

·  TECHNIQUES FOR DETECTION OF ANTI–HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN ANTIBODIES: GENERAL CONCEPTS

·  CELL-BASED CYTOTOXICITY PANEL REACTIVE ANTIBODY ASSAY

·  SOLID-PHASE ASSAYS USING LUMINEX TECHNOLOGY

·  PRETRANSPLANTATION CROSSMATCH

·  VIRTUAL CROSSMATCH

·  IMMUNOLOGIC EVALUATION OF THE TRANSPLANT CANDIDATES

·  REFERENCES

·  2. Immunosuppression

·  THE THREE-SIGNAL MODEL OF ALLOIMMUNE RESPONSES

·  TARGETS OF VARIOUS IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS

·  BASIC PRINCIPLES OF AN IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE PROTOCOL

·  SIDE EFFECT PROFILES, DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS, NURSING AND DIETARY CONSIDERATIONS

·  OTHER IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS (ALSO SUMMARIZED IN CHAPTER 3)

·  REFERENCES

·  3. Allograft Rejection: Types and Treatment Strategies

·  ALLOGRAFT REJECTION: HYPERACUTE, ACUTE, AND CHRONIC

·  Hyperacute rejection

·  Acute rejection

·  Chronic rejection

·  TREATMENT OF ACUTE REJECTION

·  Overview

·  Treatment of acute T cell–mediated rejection based on Banff classification

·  Treatment of chronic active T cell–mediated rejection

·  Treatment of acute antibody-mediated rejection

·  Donor-specific antibody testing after plasmapheresis or plasma exchange to assess treatment response

·  IVIG and rituximab recycling process

·  Treatment of chronic active antibody-mediated rejection

·  Manipulation of maintenance immunosuppression following treatment of acute T cell–mediated rejection or acute antibody-mediated rejection

·  Suggested prophylactic antibiotics and antiviral therapy following treatment of acute rejection episodes (practice may vary among transplant centers)

·  POSTTRANSPLANT IMMUNE MONITORING/SURVEILLANCE

·  REFERENCES

·  4. Evaluation of the Potential Kidney Transplant Candidates

·  KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION VERSUS DIALYSIS

·  KIDNEY TRANSPLANT EVALUATION PROCESS AND GENERAL ASSESSMENT

·  EVALUATION BY ORGAN SYSTEM

·  PATIENTS WITH SPECIFIC CONDITIONS

·  SPECIFIC KIDNEY DISEASE

·  END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE ASSOCIATED WITH HEMATOLOGIC MALIGNANCY

·  HIGHLY SENSITIZED CANDIDATES

·  EVALUATION OF PATIENTS FOR A REPEAT TRANSPLANT

·  REFERENCES

·  5. Living Donor Evaluation

·  GENERAL EVALUATION

·  EVALUATION FOR SPECIFIC CONDITIONS

·  HEREDITARY RENAL DISEASE

·  INFECTIOUS DISEASE SCREENING

·  CANCER SCREENING

·  PREGNANCY

·  MEDICAL CLEARANCE FOR DONOR NEPHRECTOMY

·  SURGICAL EVALUATION

·  DONOR SAFETY AND LONG-TERM RENAL FUNCTION

·  REFERENCES

·  6. Deceased Donor Kidney Allocation, Strategies to Expand the Living Donor Pool, and Waitlist Management

·  UNITED NETWORK FOR ORGAN SHARING LISTING CRITERIA

·  DECEASED DONOR KIDNEY ALLOCATION SYSTEM IN THE UNITED STATES

·  STRATEGIES TO EXPAND THE LIVING DONOR POOL

·  Laws, ethics, and financial aspects of living kidney donation

·  Patient education

·  Living donor options

·  Kidney paired donation registries and organ import/export exchange coordination of care

·  WAITLIST MANAGEMENT

·  Factors affecting waiting time

·  Kidney donor options to reduce waiting time

·  Waitlist management dynamics

·  United Network for Organ Sharing listing status

·  ONGOING HEALTH MAINTENANCE AND SCREENING

·  Cancer screening

·  Acquired cystic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma screening

·  Cardiovascular screening

·  Infectious disease screening

·  REFERENCES

·  7. Early and Late Posttransplant Graft Dysfunction

·  GENERAL ASSESSMENT

·  GRAFT DYSFUNCTION IN THE PERIOPERATIVE PERIOD (FIRST POSTOPERATIVE WEEK)

·  GRAFT DYSFUNCTION IN THE EARLY POSTTRANSPLANT PERIOD (1 WEEK TO 3 MONTHS POSTTRANSPLANT)

·  GRAFT DYSFUNCTION IN THE LATE POSTTRANSPLANT PERIOD (>3 MONTHS)

·  REFERENCES

·  8. Glomerular Disease Recurrence After Transplantation

·  BACKGROUND

·  IMMUNOGLOBULIN A NEPHROPATHY

·  Pathophysiology of immunoglobulin A nephropathy in native kidneys

·  Recurrence of Immunoglobulin A nephropathy

·  Treatment

·  FOCAL SEGMENTAL GLOMERULOSCLEROSIS

·  Pathophysiology of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in native kidneys

·  Recurrence of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

·  Clinical presentation

·  Treatment

·  MEMBRANOUS NEPHROPATHY

·  Pathophysiology of membranous nephropathy in native kidneys

·  Recurrence of membranous nephropathy

·  Clinical manifestations

·  Treatment

·  MEMBRANOPROLIFERATIVE GLOMERULONEPHRITIS

·  Pathogenesis of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis in native kidneys

·  Recurrence of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

·  Treatment

·  ATYPICAL HEMOLYTIC UREMIC SYNDROME

·  Recurrence of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome

·  Clinical presentation

·  Treatment

·  LUPUS NEPHRITIS

·  Pathophysiology of lupus nephritis in native kidneys

·  Recurrence of lupus nephritis

·  Treatment

·  ANTI–GLOMERULAR BASEMENT MEMBRANE DISEASE

·  Pathophysiology of anti–glomerular basement membrane disease in native kidneys

·  Recurrence of anti–glomerular basement membrane disease

·  Treatment

·  ANTINEUTROPHIL CYTOPLASMIC AUTOANTIBODY–ASSOCIATED VASCULITIS

·  Pathophysiology of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody–associated vasculitis

·  Recurrence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody–associated vasculitis

·  Clinical presentation

·  Treatment

·  REFERENCES

·  9. Kidney Allograft Biopsy: Banff Classification and Other Transplant Histopathology

·  GENERAL OVERVIEW

·  BANFF CLASSIFICATION CATEGORIES

·  OTHERS (NOT CLASSIFIED UNDER BANFF CATEGORIES)

·  REFERENCES

·  10. Common Posttransplant Abnormal Laboratory Findings

·  POSTTRANSPLANT ANEMIA

·  LEUKOPENIA AND THROMBOCYTOPENIA

·  POSTTRANSPLANT ERYTHROCYTOSIS

·  COMMON ELECTROLYTE, ACID-BASE, AND CALCIUM AND PHOSPHOROUS ABNORMALITIES

·  Hyponatremia

·  Hyperkalemia

·  Hypokalemia

·  Hypocalcemia

·  Hypercalcemia

·  Hypomagnesemia

·  Hypophosphatemia

·  Acid-base disorders

·  ABNORMAL LIVER FUNCTION TESTS

·  REFERENCES

·  11. Mineral and Bone Disorders After Kidney Transplantation

·  CALCIUM

·  PHOSPHORUS

·  PARATHYROID HORMONE

·  VITAMIN D

·  BONE DISEASE

·  Spectrum of bone disease

·  REFERENCES

·  12. Urologic Considerations in the Kidney Transplant Patient

·  PRETRANSPLANT UROLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS

·  THE IMMEDIATE POSTTRANSPLANT PERIOD

·  LONG-TERM UROLOGIC CONCERNS

·  OTHER UROLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS

·  REFERENCES

·  13. Posttransplantation Infectious Complications and Vaccinations

·  VACCINATIONS

·  INTERNATIONAL TRAVEL VACCINATION RECOMMENDATIONS/WEBSITE

·  RISK FACTORS FOR POSTTRANSPLANTATION INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS

·  TIMETABLE OF POSTTRANSPLANTATION INFECTIOUS COMPLICATIONS

·  RECURRENT URINARY TRACT INFECTION WORKUP AND MANAGEMENT

·  SCREENING AND MANAGEMENT OF COMMON POSTTRANSPLANTATION VIRAL INFECTIONS

·  Cytomegalovirus

·  BK polyomavirus

·  Commonly encountered viral infections

·  Posttransplantation diarrhea and common gastrointestinal infections

·  POTENTIAL EXPOSURE TO INFECTIOUS AGENTS: WHAT TO DO

·  REFERENCES

·  14. Posttransplantation Cardiovascular Disease

·  POSTTRANSPLANTATION HYPERTENSION

·  POSTTRANSPLANTATION DYSLIPIDEMIA

·  POSTTRANSPLANTATION DIABETES MELLITUS

·  General overview

·  Screening and management of posttransplantation diabetes mellitus

·  POSTTRANSPLANTATION OBESITY

·  CIGARETTE SMOKING

·  POSTTRANSPLANTATION PROTEINURIA

·  REFERENCES

·  15. Posttransplantation Malignancies

·  GENERAL OVERVIEW

·  SKIN CANCERS

·  POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER (PTLD)

·  KAPOSI SARCOMA

·  RENAL CELL CARCINOMA

·  COLORECTAL CANCER

·  GENERAL MANAGEMENT OF IMMUNOSUPPRESSION

·  REFERENCES

·  16. Kidney Transplantation in Dual Organ Transplantation

·  KIDNEY ALLOCATION IN DUAL ORGAN TRANSPLANTATION

·  SIMULTANEOUS LIVER-KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

·  TRANSPLANT OPTIONS FOR TYPE I DIABETICS WITH DIABETIC END-STAGE KIDNEY DISEASE

·  SIMULTANEOUS HEART-KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION

·  REFERENCES

·  17. Nutrition Care for Adult Kidney Transplant Candidates and Recipients

·  NUTRITION: GENERAL OVERVIEW

·  PRETRANSPLANT

·  Nutrition assessment pretransplant

·  Nutrition-related evaluation/waitlist concerns

·  Malnutrition

·  Metabolic Bone Disease

·  Adherence

·  POSTTRANSPLANT

·  Early concerns (first 6-8 weeks posttransplant period)

·  Nutrient needs

·  Postoperative feeding

·  Nutrient-drug interactions/side effects

·  Food safety

·  Long-term concerns

·  Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and hypertension

·  Weight management

·  Osteoporosis/posttransplant bone disease

·  Herbal supplements

·  Prebiotics/probiotics

·  Alcohol

·  Special considerations

·  Bariatric Surgery

·  REFERENCES

·  18. Management of Patients with a Failed Transplant

·  TIMING OF DIALYSIS REINITIATION

·  IMMUNOSUPPRESSION MANAGEMENT

·  GRAFT INTOLERANCE SYNDROME

·  INDICATIONS FOR ALLOGRAFT NEPHRECTOMY

·  THE IMPACT OF GRAFT NEPHRECTOMY ON A REPEAT TRANSPLANT

·  ALLOGRAFT NEPHRECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH GRAFT LOSS DUE TO BK NEPHROPATHY

·  REFERENCES

·  19. Modern Age Transplantation Issues

·  ORGAN TRAFFICKING AND TRANSPLANT TOURISM

·  MARIJUANA IN TRANSPLANTATION

·  Overview

·  Marijuana policy

·  “Medical marijuana”

·  Cannabis use disorder

·  Marijuana harms

·  REFERENCES

·  20. Frequently Asked Questions

·  REFERENCES

This updated reference provides a contemporary perspective on pediatric Physical Therapy in a convenient outline format ideal for daily consultation. Consistent with APTA's "Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, 3.0," Handbook of Pediatric Physical Therapy , 3rd Edition helps both students and professionals quickly locate essential information necessary to effectively assess, diagnose, and plan interventions. This edition reflects the latest advances in the field as it presents each condition's etiology, assessment considerations, treatment, and all other information related to contemporary pediatric physical therapy practice. UPDATED! The latest information on growth and development, pediatric disorders, measurement, interventions, assistive technology, and administrative issues is presented in an outline format that allows readers to answer clinical questions quickly. NEW! Additional coverage on orthopedics, wellness, and autism spectrum disorder brings the book thoroughly up-to-date. NEW! Up-to-date material has been added on the latest interventions, including strategies that are implemented in the NICU. NEW! Use of current language and perspectives used across service systems and the field's latest assessments prepares readers to meet the need of clients in today's pediatric practice. NEW! Information from up-to-date fact sheets produced by the Academy of Pediatric Physical Therapy outline current best practices. UPDATED! A focus on a comprehensive, holistic intervention approach that leads to functional outcomes and active participation of the child is supplemented by coverage of today's available protocols. NEW! Coverage of standardized tests now appears in a separate Measurement Instrument Section at the end of Chapter 3. eBook available for purchase. Fast, smart, and convenient, today's eBooks can transform learning. These interactive, fully searchable tools offer 24/7 access on multiple devices, the ability to highlight and share notes, and more.

·  1. Growth and Development

·  Biomechanical Influences on Development

·  Motor Development

·  Development of Ambulation

·  Development of Postural Control

·  Development of Adaptive Skills

·  Cognitive Development

·  Speech and Language Development

·  Development of vision

·  Play

·  Psychosocial and Emotional Development

·  Physical Growth

·  2. Pediatric Conditions

·  Introduction

·  Disruptions to the Typical Process of Development

·  Genetic Disorders

·  Prematurity

·  Disorders of Growth

·  Infections

Practical, authoritative, and up-to-date, Speroff & Darney's Clinical Guide to Contraception, 6th Edition, provides concise coverage of all of today's available contraceptive options. Under the leadership of new editors Jeffrey T. Jensen, MD, MPH, and Mitchell Creinin, MD, this well-regarded clinical reference remains a thorough, evidence-based, and readable resource for OB/GYNs, family planning specialists, primary care providers, and other healthcare providers.

• Provides the essential information needed to choose the best contraceptive method for each patient's age and medical, social, and personal characteristics.
• Covers each contraceptive method in a single chapter that includes history of the contraceptive, method of action, pharmacology (when applicable), contraindications, and use.
• Features revised, expanded, and reorganized content to reflect the most current knowledge and use of today's contraceptive drugs and devices, their effectiveness, and limitations.

• ·  1. Contraception, Population, and the Environment

  ·  2. Reproduction and Hormonal Contraception

  ·  3. Interpreting Evidence and Creating Clinical Guidance on Contraception

  ·  4. Permanent Contraception

  ·  5. Implantable Contraception

  ·  6. Intrauterine Contraception

  ·  7. Combined Hormonal Contraception

  ·  8. Injectable Contraception

  ·  9. Shorter-Acting Progestin-Only Contraception

  ·  10. Barrier Methods of Contraception

  ·  11. Behavioral Methods of Contraception

  ·  12. Emergency Contraception

  ·  13. The History of ContraceptionLeon Speroff, MD and Philip D. Darney, MD, MSc

The newly updated 8th edition of this bestseller continues a 20-year tradition, with expert scientific research and clinical recommendations on the diagnosis and management of acute and chronic kidney disease. This comprehensive reference offers you solid, practical guidance on common renal problems—causes, symptoms, treatments and complications. Explore the free sample chapter now! Features: Topics covered include: electrolyte and acid-base disorders, UTI’s, kidney stones, glomerulonephritis and vasculitis, acute or chronic renal failure, hypertension, and renal disease in pregnancy and diabetes NEW content on kidney disease in diabetes. Time-saving outline format for easy quick-reference Practical guidelines on drug dosing in patients with impaired kidney function, with specific recommendations on more than 500 drugs Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to: Complete content with enhanced navigation A powerful search that pulls results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future

 

The Bethesda Handbook of Clinical Oncology is a comprehensive review of the management of numerous cancer types, emphasizing practical information that can be applied in everyday, fast-moving patient care situations. With contributions from experts and scholars at the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Cleveland Clinic, and other renowned institutions, this latest edition has been thoroughly revised with new content and continues to provide practical guidance on how to evaluate, diagnose, and treat cancer patients. Designed for quick and easy accessibility of clinically relevant information. Features a new comprehensive chapter on the principles and practice of immunotherapy. Disease-specific chapters now include information on relevant and appropriate immunotherapeutic drugs. Covers a range of solid-tumor, blood, and other cancers, as well as infection management, nutrition, and palliative care. Combines concise and clear information with tables, images, and algorithms; now with even more algorithms to help fine-tune clinical decision-making. Useful for oncologists, oncology nurses, oncology fellows, residents, and allied health professionals. Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience with Enhanced Video, Audio and Interactive Capabilities! Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone Customize for your language, including right-to-left reading, vertical writing, and enhanced annotation in over 30 languages Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech Adapt for unique reading needs, supporting learning disabilities, visual/auditory impairments, second-language or literacy challenges, and more.

 

 

·  Chapter 1 Head and Neck

·  Chapter 2 Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer

·  Chapter 3 Small Cell Lung Cancer

·  Chapter 4 Esophageal Cancer

·  Chapter 5 Gastric Cancers

·  Chapter 6 Biliary Tract Cancer

·  Chapter 7 Primary Cancers of the Liver

·  Chapter 8 Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors (GIST)

·  Chapter 9 Colorectal Cancer

·  Chapter 10 Pancreatic Cancer

·  Chapter 11 Anal Cancer

·  Chapter 12 Breast Cancer

·  Chapter 13 Renal Cell Cancer

·  Chapter 14 Prostate Cancer

·  Chapter 15 Bladder Cancer

·  Chapter 16 Testicular Carcinoma

·  Chapter 17 Ovarian Cancer

·  Chapter 18 Endometrial Cancer

·  Chapter 19 Cervical Cancer

·  Chapter 20 Vulvar Cancer

·  Chapter 21 Sarcomas and Malignancies of the Bone

·  Chapter 22 Skin Cancers and Melanoma

·  Chapter 23 Acute Leukemia

·  Chapter 24 Chronic Lymphoid Leukemias

·  Chapter 25 Chronic Myeloid Leukemias

·  Chapter 26 Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

·  Chapter 27 Multiple Myeloma

·  Chapter 28 Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

·  Chapter 29 Hodgkin Lymphoma

·  Chapter 30 Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation

·  Chapter 31 Carcinoma of Unknown Primary

·  Chapter 32 Central Nervous System Tumors

·  Chapter 33 Endocrine Tumors

·  Chapter 34 Hematopoietic Growth Factors

·  Chapter 35 Infectious Complications in Oncology

·  Chapter 36 Oncologic Emergencies and Paraneoplastic Syndromes

·  Chapter 37 Psychopharmacologic Management in Oncology

·  Chapter 38 Management of Emesis

·  Chapter 39 Nutrition

·  Chapter 40 Pain and Palliative Care

·  Chapter 41 Central Venous Access Device

·  Chapter 42 Procedures in Medical Oncology

·  Chapter 43 Basic Principles of Radiation Oncology

·  Chapter 44 Clinical Genetics

·  Chapter 45 Basic Principles of Immuno-Oncology

·  Chapter 46 Anticancer Agents

·  Appendix: Performance Status Scales/Scores: Performance Status Criteria

 

Description:

Publisher's Note: Products purchased from 3rd Party sellers are not guaranteed by the Publisher for quality, authenticity, or access to any online entitlements included with the product. Now in full color for the first time, the third edition of the Handbook of Pediatric Urology helps you better understand the diagnosis and treatment of all major urologic disorders and conditions in infants, children, and adolescents. A new third editor, Dr. Jeffery A. Stock—Director of Pediatric Urology at Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York—and over 25 contributors provide thorough, concise coverage of the entire field, making this quick-reference ideal for bedside use as well as deep-dive research.

 

Table of contents:

·  Contents

·  1: Circumcision

·  2: Hypospadias

·  3: Undescended Testes—Cryptorchidism

·  4: Abnormalities of Sex Differentiation

·  5: Hydrocele, Hernia, Neonatal Torsion, and Scrotal Masses

·  6: Urinary Tract Infections in Children

·  7: Vesicoureteral Reflux

·  8: Daytime Urinary Incontinence/Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction (in the Otherwise Healthy Child)

·  9: Nocturnal Enuresis

·  10: Constipation and Urologic Conditions

·  11: Spina Bifida/Neurogenic Bladder

·  12: Prenatal Urologic Diagnosis and Maternal Counseling

·  13: Neonatal Hydronephrosis

·  14: Hydroureteronephrosis: Ureteroceles, Duplications, Ureteral Ectopy

·  15: Posterior Urethral Valves

·  16: Congenital Anomalies: Urachal Anomalies, Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex, Imperforate Anus, Cloaca, and Prune Belly Syndrome

·  17: Adolescent Urology: Acute Scrotum, Varicoceles, and Delayed Puberty

·  18: Genitourinary Trauma and Priapism

·  19: Hematuria

·  20: Nephrolithiasis in Children: Medical Management

·  21: Urolithiasis in Children: Surgical Management

·  22: Acute Kidney Injury

·  23: Chronic Kidney Disease

·  24: Pediatric Renal Transplantation

·  25: Pediatric Urologic Oncology

·  26: Robotic and Laparoscopic Surgery in Pediatric Urology

·  27: Anesthesia for Pediatric Urologic Procedures

·  28: Sports Recommendations for Children with a Solitary Kidney or Other Genitourinary Abnormalities

·  29: Pediatric Urology and Child Sexual Abuse

·  30: Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology

·  31: Adolescent Urology: Sexually Transmitted Infections

·  32: Transitional Urology

·  33: Pediatric Urology Database

·  34: Online Pediatric Urology Recommendations

·  Index

 

 

 

LIR Fisiología 2ed, es la versión actualizada y mejorada de una de las herramientas predilectas de los estudiantes para aprender y comprender la fisiología del cuerpo humano. Mantiene la estructura clásica de la serie Lippincott Illustrated Reviews, con textos claros y precisos acompañados de cientos de ilustraciones para una revisión eficaz que permite asimilar información compleja con rapidez.
La estructura de su contenido permite identificar primero la función del órgano y luego mostrar cómo las células y los tejidos están diseñados para cumplir esa función, este recurso decodifica la fisiología como ningún otro texto o libro de revisión. El formato del esquema, las ilustraciones visionarias, las aplicaciones clínicas y las preguntas de revisión, diseñadas para facilitar el uso y la rápida absorción de contenido, ayudan a los estudiantes a dominar los conceptos más esenciales en fisiología, lo que lo hace perfecto para el aprendizaje en el aula y la preparación de exámenes.
Características destacadas

• Un nuevo capítulo sobre eritropoyesis y transporte de gases en sangre
• El nuevo contenido sobre el impacto del envejecimiento normal en la función del órgano hace que el libro esté completamente actualizado
• Las preguntas de repaso con explicaciones para cada sistema ayudan a preparar a los estudiantes para los exámenes
• Más de 600 ilustraciones a todo color
• Resúmenes al inicio de cada capítulo que establecen objetivos claros para el dominio de los temas y enfatizan los conceptos esenciales
• Banco de imágenes y preguntas en línea
• ·  I. GENERALIDADES

• ·  II. AMBIENTE CELULAR

  ·  III. COMPOSICIÓN DE LAS MEMBRANAS

  ·  IV. DIFUSIÓN

  ·  V. POROS, CANALES Y TRANSPORTADORES

  ·  VI. COMUNICACIÓN INTERCELULAR

  ·  VII. SEÑALIZACION INTRACELULAR

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 2: Excitabilidad de la membrana

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. POTENCIALES DE MEMBRANA

  ·  III. EXCITACIÓN

  ·  IV. CANALES IÓNICOS

  ·  V. ESTRUCTURA DE LOS CANALES

  ·  VI. TIPOS DE CANALES

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 3: Ósmosis y líquidos corporales

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ÓSMOSIS

  ·  III. COMPARTIMENTOS DE LOS LÍQUIDOS CORPORALES

  ·  IV. pH DEL FLUIDO CORPORAL

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 4: Tejido epitelial y conjuntivo

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. EPITELIO

  ·  III. EL MOVIMIENTO A TRAVÉS DE LOS EPITELIOS

  ·  IV. TEJIDO CONJUNTIVO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD II: Sistemas sensorial y motor

  ·  Capítulo 5: Organización del sistema nervioso

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. SISTEMA NERVIOSO

  ·  III. NEURONAS

  ·  IV. NEUROTRANSMISIÓN

  ·  V. NEUROGLÍA

  ·  VI. NERVIOS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 6: Sistema nervioso central

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. MÉDULA ESPINAL

  ·  III. TRONCO ENCEFÁLICO

  ·  IV. CEREBELO

  ·  V. DIENCÉFALO

  ·  VI. TELENCÉFALO

  ·  VII. LÍQUIDO CEFALORRAQUÍDEO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 7: Sistema nervioso autónomo

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. HOMEOSTASIS

  ·  III. ORGANIZACIÓN

  ·  IV. NEUROTRANSMISIÓN

  ·  V. ÓRGANOS EFECTORES

  ·  VI. TRONCO ENCEFÁLICO

  ·  VII. HIPOTÁLAMO

  ·  VIII. SISTEMA LÍMBICO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 8: Vista

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ESTRUCTURA DEL OJO

  ·  III. FOTORRECEPTORES

  ·  IV. FOTOSENSOR

  ·  V. TRANSDUCCIÓN FOTOSENSORIAL

  ·  VI. VISIÓN A COLOR

  ·  VII. PROCESAMIENTO VISUAL

  ·  VIII. VÍAS VISUALES

  ·  IX. PROPIEDADES ÓPTICAS DEL OJO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 9: Oído y equilibrio

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. SONIDO

  ·  III. SISTEMA AUDITIVO

  ·  IV. TRANSDUCCIÓN AUDITIVA

  ·  V. EQUILIBRIO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 10: El gusto y el olfato

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. GUSTO

  ·  III. OLFATO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 11: Sistemas de control motor

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. SISTEMAS SENSITIVOS MUSCULARES

  ·  III. REFLEJOS DE LA MÉDULA ESPINAL

  ·  IV. CENTROS DE CONTROL SUPERIORES

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD III: Fisiología musculoesquelética y tegumentaria

  ·  Capítulo 12: Músculo esquelético

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ESTRUCTURA

  ·  III. ACOPLAMIENTO DE EXCITACIÓN Y CONTRACCIÓN

  ·  IV. MECÁNICA

  ·  V. TIPOS

  ·  VI. PARÁLISIS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 13: Músculo liso

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ESTRUCTURA

  ·  III. EXCITACIÓN – ACOPLAMIENTO DE CONTRACCIÓN

  ·  IV. REMODELADO CITOESQUELÉTICO

  ·  V. TIPOS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 14: Hueso

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. FORMACIÓN

  ·  III. ANATOMÍA Y CRECIMIENTO

  ·  IV. REMODELACIÓN

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 15: Piel

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ANATOMÍA

  ·  III. EPIDERMIS

  ·  IV. DERMIS

  ·  V. HIPODERMIS

  ·  VI. ESTRUCTURAS CUTÁNEAS ESPECIALIZADAS

  ·  VII. NERVIOS CUTÁNEOS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD IV: Sistema cardiovascular

  ·  Capítulo 16: Estimulación cardiaca

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. SISTEMA DE CIRCUITOS CARDIOVASCULARES

  ·  III. MÚSCULO CARDIACO

  ·  IV. SECUENCIACIÓN DE LAS CONTRACCIONES

  ·  V. ELECTROFISIOLOGÍA

  ·  VI. ELECTROCARDIOGRAFÍA

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 17: Mecánica cardiaca

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. CICLO CARDIACO

  ·  III. ACOPLAMIENTO DE LA EXCITACIÓN – CONTRACCIÓN

  ·  IV. GASTO CARDIACO

  ·  V. FUENTE DE ENERGÍA

  ·  VI. TRABAJO CARDIACO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 18: Sangre y vasculatura

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. VASCULATURA

  ·  III. DETERMINANTES DEL FLUJO SANGUÍNEO

  ·  IV. LEY DE OHM HEMODINÁMICA

  ·  V. LÍMITES DE LA LEY DE POISEUILLE

  ·  VI. INTERCAMBIO ENTRE SANGRE Y TEJIDOS

  ·  VII. MOVIMIENTO DE LÍQUIDO

  ·  VIII. TRASTORNOS DEL EQUILIBRIO DE STARLING

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 19: Regulación cardiovascular

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. CONTROL VASCULAR

  ·  III. CONTROL DE LA PRESIÓN ARTERIAL

  ·  IV. VÍAS DE CONTROL A LARGO PLAZO

  ·  V. RETORNO VENOSO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 20: Circulación especial

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. CIRCULACIÓN CEREBRAL

  ·  III. CIRCULACIÓN CORONARIA

  ·  IV. CIRCULACIÓN ESPLÁCNICA

  ·  V. CIRCULACIÓN MUSCULAR ESQUELÉTICA

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD V: Sistema respiratorio

  ·  Capítulo 21: Mecánica pulmonar

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ANATOMÍA DE LAS VÍAS RESPIRATORIAS

  ·  III. IRRIGACIÓN

  ·  IV. TENSIÓN SUPERFICIAL Y SURFACTANTE

  ·  V. MECÁNICA DE LA RESPIRACIÓN

  ·  VI. MECÁNICA DEL PULMÓN ESTÁTICO

  ·  VII. ENFERMEDADES PULMONARES

  ·  VIII. MECÁNICA PULMONAR DINÁMICA

  ·  IX. VOLÚMENES Y CAPACIDADES PULMONARES

  ·  X. ESPACIO MUERTO Y VENTILACIÓN

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 22: Intercambio gaseoso

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. PRESIONES ARTERIALES

  ·  III. CIRCULACIÓN PULMONAR

  ·  IV. RELACIÓN VENTILACIÓN/PERFUSIÓN

  ·  V. INTERCAMBIO GASEOSO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 23: Transporte de sangre y gas

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. HEMATOPOYESIS

  ·  III. ERITROCITOS

  ·  IV. TRANSPORTE DE OXÍGENO

  ·  V. TRANSPORTE DE DIÓXIDO DE CARBONO

  ·  VI. CONSIDERACIONES ACIDOBÁSICAS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 24: Regulación respiratoria

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. CENTROS DE CONTROL NERVIOSO

  ·  III. CONTROL QUÍMICO DE LA VENTILACIÓN

  ·  IV. FUNCIÓN DE LOS RECEPTORES PULMONARES

  ·  V. ADAPTACIÓN RESPIRATORIA AL AMBIENTE

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD VI: Aparato urinario

  ·  Capítulo 25: Filtración y micción

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ANATOMÍA

  ·  III. FILTRACIÓN

  ·  IV. REGULACIÓN

  ·  V. VALORACIÓN DEL FUNCIONAMIENTO RENAL

  ·  VI. MICCIÓN

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 26: Reabsorción y secreción

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. PRINCIPIOS

  ·  III. SOLUTOS ORGÁNICOS: REABSORCIÓN

  ·  IV. SOLUTOS ORGÁNICOS: SECRECIÓN

  ·  V. UREA

  ·  VI. FOSFATO Y CALCIO

  ·  VII. MAGNESIO

  ·  VIII. POTASIO

  ·  IX. BICARBONATO E IONES HIDRÓGENO

  ·  X. SODIO, CLORO Y AGUA

  ·  Resumen de capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 27: Formación de orina

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ASA DE HENLE

  ·  III. TÚBULO DISTAL INICIAL

  ·  IV. SEGMENTOS DISTALES

  ·  V. CONDUCTOS COLECTORES

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 28: Equilibrio de agua y electrolitos

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. EQUILIBRIO DE AGUA

  ·  III. EQUILIBRIO DE SODIO

  ·  IV. EQUILIBRIO DE POTASIO

  ·  V. EQUILIBRIO DE pH

  ·  VI. TRASTORNOS ACIDOBÁSICOS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  PREGUNTAS DE ESTUDIO

  ·  UNIDAD VII: Aparato digestivo

  ·  Capítulo 29: Principios y señalización

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. CAPAS GASTROINTESTINALES

  ·  III. INERVACIÓN Y NEUROTRANSMISORES

  ·  IV. MOLÉCULAS SEÑALIZADORAS NO NEURALES

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 30: Boca, esófago y estómago

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. BOCA

  ·  III. ESÓFAGO

  ·  IV. ESTÓMAGO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 31: Intestino delgado e intestino grueso

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. INTESTINO DELGADO

  ·  III. INTESTINO GRUESO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 32: Páncreas e hígado exocrinos

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. PÁNCREAS EXOCRINO

  ·  III. SISTEMA HEPATOBILIAR

  ·  IV. FUNCIONES HEPÁTICAS NO BILIARES

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD VIII: Sistema endocrino

  ·  Capítulo 33: Páncreas e hígado endocrinos

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. HOMEOSTASIS DE LA GLUCOSA

  ·  III. PÁNCREAS ENDOCRINO

  ·  IV. HÍGADO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 34: Glándulas suprarrenales

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. CORTEZA SUPRARRENAL: CORTISOL

  ·  III. CORTEZA SUPRARRENAL: ANDRÓGENOS

  ·  IV. CORTEZA SUPRARRENAL: ALDOSTERONA

  ·  V. MÉDULA SUPRARRENAL: CATECOLAMINAS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 35: Hormonas tiroideas y paratiroideas

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. GLÁNDULA TIROIDEA: HORMONAS TIROIDEAS

  ·  III. GLÁNDULA TIROIDEA: CALCITONINA

  ·  IV. GLÁNDULA PARATIROIDEA: HORMONA PARATIROIDEA

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 36: Gónadas femeninas y masculinas

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. SEXO Y GÉNERO

  ·  III. GÓNADAS MASCULINAS

  ·  IV. GÓNADAS FEMENINAS

  ·  V. CICLO ENDOMETRIAL

  ·  VI. GLÁNDULAS MAMARIAS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  UNIDAD IX: Vivir y morir

  ·  Capítulo 37: Embarazo y parto

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. IMPLANTACIÓN

  ·  III. PLACENTA

  ·  IV. FISIOLOGÍA MATERNA

  ·  V. FISIOLOGÍA FETAL

  ·  VI. PARTO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 38: Estrés térmico y fiebre

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. TERMORREGULACIÓN

  ·  III. PRODUCCIÓN Y TRANSFERENCIA DE CALOR

  ·  IV. ASPECTOS CLÍNICOS

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 39: Ejercicio y reposo absoluto

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. DEFINICIONES

  ·  III. MÚSCULO ESQUELÉTICO

  ·  IV. CONTROL MOTOR Y AUTÓNOMO

  ·  V. SISTEMA CARDIOVASCULAR

  ·  VI. SISTEMA RESPIRATORIO

  ·  VII. SISTEMA ENDOCRINO

  ·  VIII. REPOSO ABSOLUTO

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Capítulo 40: Falla de sistemas

  ·  I. GENERALIDADES

  ·  II. ENVEJECIMIENTO Y MUERTE

  ·  III. CLASIFICACIONES DE CHOQUE

  ·  IV. ETAPAS DEL CHOQUE

  ·  V. INSUFICIENCIA CARDIACA

  ·  VI. INSUFICIENCIA RESPIRATORIA

  ·  VII. INSUFICIENCIA RENAL

  ·  VIII. SÍNDROME DE DISFUNCIÓN ORGÁNICA MÚLTIPLE

  ·  Resumen del capítulo

  ·  Preguntas de estudio

  ·  APÉNDICES

  ·  Apéndice A. Valores fisiológicos normales

  ·  Apéndice B. Ecuaciones de referencia

  ·  Créditos de figuras

  ·  Índice alfabético de materias

The Johns Hopkins High-Yield Review for Orthopaedic Surgery is a compact, concise study tool to help residents prepare for Part 1 of the American Board of Orthopaedic Surgery (ABOS) examination and the Orthopaedic In-Training Examination (OITE). The book is also ideal for seasoned clinicians studying for the ABOS recertification exams and motivated medical students preparing for orthopaedic surgery rotations. With its numerous illustrations, streamlined structure and heavily bulleted text, the book is designed as a 'memory-jogger' to supplement basic knowledge of fundamental orthopaedic surgery principles and procedures. Covers the most important, core exam material in a single, easy-to-use resource. Content is structured in a bulleted format throughout for rapid recall and effective absorption of information. Written by expert educators in the field of orthopaedic surgery. Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

·  Cover Page

·  Title Page

·  Copyright Page

·  CONTRIBUTORS

·  FOREWORD

·  PREFACE

·  CONTENTS

·  1 Basic Science

·  2 Adult Reconstruction

·  3 Pediatrics

·  4 Hand and Wrist

·  5 Trauma

·  6 Sports Medicine

·  7 Shoulder and Elbow

·  8 Foot and Ankle

·  9 Spine

·  10 Oncology and Pathology

·  Appendix: Test-Taking Strategies

·  Index

A concise yet exhaustive overview of today s treatment of HPB surgical conditions! Handbook of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery provides expert coverage of medical and surgical management of diseases of the liver, pancreas, and biliary tree. You ll find succinct overviews of contemporary approaches to malignant and non-malignant conditions, open and minimally invasive surgical techniques, and imaging of the pancreas and hepatobiliary system. "Key Features" Improve your decision-making skills for complex issues associated with pancreatic cancer and cysts, pancreatitis, complications of pancreatic surgery, ultrasound for liver disease, cirrhosis and portal hypertension, neuroendocrine and colorectal metastases to the liver, gallstones, cholesystitis, infections in biliary surgery, and more. Stay up to date with new developments in benign disease conditions such as acute and chronic pancreatitis, bile duct injury and benign bile duct stricture, primary sclerosing cholangitis, and benign liver lesions. Collaborate more effectively with multidisciplinary colleagues regarding diagnosis, evaluation, and operative and non-operative treatment of HPB patients. Easily visualize surgical procedures and concepts with more than 100 illustrations, many in full color. Benefit from the expertise of experts from around the world, all noted authorities in their areas of HPB surgery. Ideal for HPB surgery fellows, general surgeons who may not encounter these conditions in day-to-day practice, residents in training, and practitioners who are involved in interdisciplinary care of HPB patients. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, offering tablet, smartphone, or online access to: Complete content with enhanced navigation. Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web. Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation. Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text. Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues. Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use. "

For more than 30 years, Skeel’s Handbook of Cancer Therapy (formerly Handbook of Cancer Chemotherapy) has been the resource of choice for current, reliable information on cancer treatment for most adults. The 9th Edition reflects recent significant advances in the systemic treatment of cancer, including innovations in immunotherapy, oncology genomics, and molecular targeted therapy. An invaluable reference for all levels of physicians, nurses, and allied health professionals who provide care to cancer patients, this bestselling guide combines the most current rationale and the details necessary to safely administer pharmacologic therapy, offering a balanced synthesis between science and clinical practice. · A new chapter on the Biologic Basis of Molecular Targeted Therapy, as well as a state-of-the-art review of the current development and use of novel immunotherapeutics, bring you up to date with the rationale and use of these newer agents in cancer treatment. · Completely updated throughout to reflect current best practices, including primary indications, usual dosage and schedule, special precautions, and expected toxicities for dozens of new drugs and biologic agents. · New contributors provide a fresh perspective on timely topics in cancer treatment and care. · An updated section on supportive care reflects this essential aspect of the oncology team’s focus. · Regularly updated Inkling content keeps you current with drug profiles and new immunotherapy advances. Now with the print edition, enjoy the bundled interactive eBook edition, which can be downloaded to your tablet and smartphone or accessed online and includes features like: · Complete content with enhanced navigation · Powerful search tools and smart navigation cross-links that pull results from content in the book, your notes, and even the web · Cross-linked pages, references, and more for easy navigation · Highlighting tool for easier reference of key content throughout the text · Ability to take and share notes with friends and colleagues · Quick reference tabbing to save your favorite content for future use

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Prepare for the dissection lab and operating room with Anatomy: A Photographic Atlas, 8e. Featuring outstanding full-color photographs of actual cadaver dissections with accompanying schematic drawings and diagnostic images, this proven text depicts anatomic structures more realistically than illustrations in traditional atlases. Chapters are organized by region in the order of a typical dissection with each chapter presenting topographical anatomical structures in a systemic manner.
 

• Authentic photographic reproduction of colors, structures, and spatial dimensions as seen in the dissection lab and on the operating table help you develop an understanding of the anatomy of the human body.
• Functional connections between single organs, the surrounding tissue, and organ systems are clarified to prepare you for the dissection lab and practical exams.
• Clinical cases and over 1,200 images enhance your understanding.
• Dissections illustrate the topographical anatomy in layers "from the outside in" to better prepare you for the lab and operating room.

This book covers high-resolution CT and sufficiently covers the fundamental concepts to interpret these examinations. Multiple figures depict examples of each topic and tables appear throughout each chapter, providing a list of differentials. The first edition was published in 2012.

The purpose is to outline four basic principles used in HRCT that are essential in helping to interpret these exams. These are worthy goals set out by the authors, and they accomplish them by providing an in-depth analysis that includes a constellation of HRCT findings, their clinical significance, and their relationship to differential diagnoses, as well as a basic knowledge of lung diseases and their associated findings.

The book meets the needs of the intended audience of radiology residents and attendings. The authors are both experts in their fields.

This book thoroughly covers lung diseases and their associated HRCT findings, effectively accomplishing this by providing an overabundance of highly detailed images depicting examples of each topic. Adjacent to each topic is a useful table of differential diagnoses to consider. The most useful aspect of this book is the use of classic denoted images that provide representative depictions of each disease. Along with this, at the beginning of the book, each chapter is outlined with key details and images that represent some of the important topics in the chapter. This outline is an extremely useful study guide/quick reference.

Overall, this is a useful, easy-to-read, thorough guide to HRCT. This updated edition justifies replacing the previous edition by providing the essential classic images of lung diseases in each chapter and by providing a useful and necessary detailed outline at the beginning of the book.

Principles of Rubin's Pathology, Seventh Edition distills the renowned coverage of Rubin's Pathology, Seventh Edition into a focused, approachable guide to the essentials of pathology. This resource introduces principles and mechanisms of pathology, followed by organ-specific information, extracting key information on pathogenesis, epidemiology, and clinical features of diseases. Detailed images clarify challenging content, and companion online resources enable students to learn on the go and confidently prepare for exams. This edition is optimized for students seeking only the most critical information, making it an ideal resource for international medical schools, PA, pharmacy, nursing, and allied health programs. Streamlined content emphasizes essential concepts, including the use of bold terms and bulleted lists to emphasize key points, for the most efficient study of pathology available. Illustrations, photomicrographs, and clinical photographs clarify challenging content and represent the pathogeneses of disease. Highlighted boxes and helpful graphic icons identify Pathogenesis, Pathology, Epidemiology, and Clinical Features sections. Globally sourced content reflects an international spectrum of current practices and approaches. Online resources including new slide-based histopathology lectures presented by Dr. Rubin, original animations, and fully searchable text make learning more engaging and efficient. eBook available for purchase. Fast, smart, and convenient, today's eBooks can transform learning. These interactive, fully searchable tools offer 24/7 access on multiple devices, the ability to highlight and share notes, and more.

·  Contents

·  1. Cell Adaptation, Injury, Death, and Aging David S. Strayer, Emanuel Rubin, David Lombard

·  2. Inflammation and Repair Hedwig S. Murphy, Kendra Iskander, David S. Strayer, Daniel G. Remick, Gregory C. Sephel, Jeffrey M. Davidson

·  3. Immunopathology Jeffrey S. Warren, David S. Strayer, Philip L. Cohen, Sergio A. Jimenez

·  4. Neoplasia David S. Strayer, Emanuel Rubin

·  5. Developmental and Genetic Diseases Linda A. Cannizzaro

·  6. Infectious and Parasitic Diseases David A. Schwartz

·  7. The Amyloidoses Philip Hawkins

·  8. Blood Vessels and Hemodynamic Disorders Avrum I. Gotlieb, Amber Chang Liu, Bruce M. McManus, Michael F. Allard, Robert Yanagawa

·  9. Heart Jeffrey E. Saffitz

·  10. The Respiratory System Mary Beth Beasley, William D. Travis

·  11. The Gastrointestinal Tract Leana Guerin, Frank Mitros

·  12. The Liver and Biliary System Arief A. Suriawinata, Swan N. Thung

·  13. The Exocrine Pancreas David S. Klimstra, Edward B. Stelow

·  14. The Kidney J. Charles Jennette

·  15. The Lower Urinary Tract and Male Reproductive System Ivan Damjanov, Peter A. McCue

·  16. The Female Reproductive Tract George L. Mutter, Jaime Prat, David A. Schwartz

·  17. The Breast Anna Marie Mulligan, Frances P. O’Malley

·  18. Hematopathology Riccardo Valdez, Mary M. Zutter, Shauying Li, Alina Dulau Florea, Bruce M. McManus, Michael F. Allard, Robert Yanagawa

·  19. Endocrine System, Diabetes, and Nutritional Diseases Maria J. Merino, David S. Klimstra, Edward B. Stelow, David S. Strayer, Emanuel Rubin, Kevin Jon Williams, Elias S. Siraj

·  20. The Skin Ronnie M. Abraham, Emily Y. Chu, David E. Elder

·  21. The Head and Neck Diane L. Carlson

·  22. Bones, Joints, and Soft Tissue Roberto A. Garcia, Elizabeth G. Dostco, Michael J. Klein, Alan L. Schiller

·  23. Skeletal Muscle Lawrence C. Kenyon, Thomas W. Bouldin

·  24. The Central Nervous System and Eye Gregory N. Fuller, J. Clay Goodman, Gordon K. Klintworth

·  25. Traumatic and Environmental Injury Marc S. Micozzi, David S. Strayer, Emanuel Rubin

 

 

 
Recent scientific advances have revolutionized cancer research and practice, creating a body of molecular biology information that is important to research scientists and clinical oncologists alike. Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology: Primer of the Molecular Biology of Cancer, 3rd Edition, keeps you up to date with all that’s new in this rapidly changing field.

Derived from DeVita, Hellman, and Rosenberg’s Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology – widely regarded as the definitive clinical reference in oncology – the third edition of this popular Primer provides a single-volume, highly focused reference on every important frontier in the molecular biology of cancer.

• Compiles the knowledge and experience of leading scientists and clinicians in the field.
• Provides separate chapters on each of the 18 most common cancer types, with state-of-the-art information on how molecular biology advances are impacting clinical practice.
• Includes a thorough chapter on genetic counseling and genetic testing to help you navigate the challenges and ethical dilemmas of cancer genetics.
• Covers key topics such as Hallmarks of Cancer, Precision Medicine in Oncology, Cancer Immunotherapy, Pharmacogenomics, and many more.

Enrich Your Ebook Reading Experience

• Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone.
• Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

Table of Contents:

1.    Contributors

2.    PART I: Principles of Molecular Oncology

3.    1. The Cancer Genome

4.    Yardena Samuels, Alberto Bardelli, Yochai Wolf, and Carlos López-Otin

5.    Introduction

6.    Cancer Genes and Their Mutations

7.    Identification of Cancer Genes

8.    Cancer Gene Discovery by Sequencing Candidate Gene Families

9.    Mutational Analysis of Exomes Using Sanger Sequencing

10.  Next-Generation Sequencing and Cancer Genome Analysis

11.  Whole-Genome Analysis Utilizing Second-Generation Sequencing

12.  Whole-Exome Analysis Utilizing Second-Generation Sequencing

13.  Somatic Alteration Classes Detected by Cancer Genome Analysis

14.  Pathway-Oriented Models of Cancer Genome Analysis

15.  Passenger and Driver Mutations

16.  Networks of Cancer Genome Projects

17.  The Genomic Landscape of Cancers

18.  Single-Cell Genomics

19.  Integrative Analysis of Cancer Genomics

20.  Immunogenomics

21.  The Cancer Genome and the New Taxonomy of Tumors

22.  Liquid Biopsies as a Diagnosis Tool

23.  Clinical Applications of Liquid Biopsies

24.  Cancer Genomics and Drug Resistance

25.  Perspectives of Cancer Genome Analysis

26.  Acknowledgments

27.  2. Molecular Methods in Cancer

28.  Larissa V. Furtado, Jay L. Hess, and Bryan L. Betz

29.  Applications of Molecular Diagnostics in Oncology

30.  Biomarker Genetics

31.  Use of Biomarkers in Diagnosis

32.  Use of Biomarkers in Prognosis

33.  Use of Biomarkers in Predicting Response to Therapy

34.  Use of Biomarkers in Therapeutic Disease Monitoring

35.  Use of Biomarkers in Risk Assessment and Cancer Prevention

36.  The Clinical Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory: Rules and Regulations

37.  Specimen Requirements for Molecular Diagnostics

38.  Molecular Diagnostics Testing Process

39.  Targeted Mutation Analysis Methods

40.  Polymerase Chain Reaction

41.  Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction

42.  Reverse-Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction

43.  Allele-Specific Polymerase Chain Reaction

44.  Fragment Analysis

45.  Sanger Sequencing

46.  Pyrosequencing

47.  Methylation Analysis

48.  Microsatellite Instability Analysis/Assessment of Mismatch Repair Deficiency

49.  Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

50.  Whole-Genome Analysis Methods

51.  Next-Generation Sequencing

52.  Genomic Microarrays

53.  Expression Panels

54.  Immunohistochemistry for Tumor Biomarkers

55.  PD-L1

56.  ALK and ROS1

57.  BRAFV600E

58.  Cell-Free DNA Technologies

59.  3. Hallmarks of Cancer: An Organizing Principle for Cancer Medicine

60.  Douglas Hanahan and Robert A. Weinberg

61.  Introduction

62.  Hallmark Capabilities, In Essence

63.  Sustaining Proliferative Signaling

64.  Somatic Mutations Activate Additional Downstream Pathways

65.  Disruptions of Negative-Feedback Mechanisms that Attenuate Proliferative Signaling

66.  Excessive Proliferative Signaling Can Trigger Cell Senescence

67.  Evading Growth Suppressors

68.  Mechanisms of Contact Inhibition and Its Evasion

69.  Corruption of the Transforming Growth Factor β Pathway Promotes Malignancy

70.  Resisting Cell Death

71.  Autophagy Mediates Both Tumor Cell Survival and Death

72.  Necrosis Has Proinflammatory and Tumor-Promoting Potential

73.  Enabling Replicative Immortality

74.  Reassessing Replicative Senescence

75.  Delayed Activation of Telomerase May Both Limit and Foster Neoplastic Progression

76.  Inducing Angiogenesis

77.  Gradations of the Angiogenic Switch

78.  Endogenous Angiogenesis Inhibitors Present Natural Barriers to Tumor Angiogenesis

79.  Pericytes Are Important Components of the Tumor Neovasculature

80.  A Variety of Bone Marrow–Derived Cells Contribute to Tumor Angiogenesis

81.  Activating Invasion and Metastasis

82.  The Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Program Broadly Regulates Invasion and Metastasis

83.  Heterotypic Contributions of Stromal Cells to Invasion and Metastasis

84.  Plasticity in the Invasive Growth Program

85.  Distinct Forms of Invasion May Underlie Different Cancer Types

86.  The Daunting Complexity of Metastatic Colonization

87.  Reprogramming Energy Metabolism

88.  Evading Immune Destruction

89.  Two Ubiquitous Characteristics Facilitate the Acquisition of Hallmark Capabilities

90.  An Enabling Characteristic: Genome Instability and Mutation

91.  An Enabling Characteristic: Tumor-Promoting Inflammation

92.  The Constituent Cell Types of the Tumor Microenvironment

93.  Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts

94.  Endothelial Cells

95.  Pericytes

96.  Immune Inflammatory Cells

97.  Stem and Progenitor Cells of the Tumor Stroma

98.  Heterotypic Signaling Orchestrates the Cells of the Tumor Microenvironment

99.  Coevolution of the Tumor Microenvironment During Carcinogenesis

100.               Cancer Cells, Cancer Stem Cells, and Intratumoral Heterogeneity

101.               Therapeutic Targeting of the Hallmarks of Cancer

102.               Conclusion and a Vision for the Future

103.               Acknowledgment

104.               4. Oncogenic Viruses

105.               Christopher B. Buck, Lee Ratner, and Giovanna Tosato

106.               Principles of Tumor Virology

107.               Papillomaviruses

108.               History

109.               Tissue Tropism and Gene Functions

110.               Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

111.               Oropharyngeal Cancer

112.               Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer

113.               Bladder Cancer

114.               Polyomaviruses

115.               History

116.               BK Polyomavirus

117.               Merkel Cell Polyomavirus

118.               Other Human Polyomaviruses

119.               Epstein-Barr Virus

120.               History

121.               Epstein-Barr Virus Life Cycle

122.               Lymphomas

123.               Carcinomas

124.               Prevention and Treatment

125.               Kaposi Sarcoma Herpesvirus

126.               History and Epidemiology

127.               Kaposi Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus in Kaposi Sarcoma

128.               Lymphoproliferative Disorders

129.               Animal and Human Retroviruses

130.               Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Epidemiology

131.               Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Molecular Biology

132.               Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1–Associated Malignancies

133.               Hepatitis Viruses

134.               Hepatitis B Virus

135.               Hepatitis C Virus

136.               Hepatitis Virus Pathogenesis

137.               Clinical Characteristics and Treatment of Hepatitis Virus–Associated Malignancies

138.               Conclusion

139.               5. DNA Repair in Normal and Cancer Cells

140.               Meredith A. Morgan and Theodore S. Lawrence

141.               Introduction

142.               Radiation-Induced DNA Damage

143.               Cellular Responses to Radiation-Induced DNA Damage

144.               Cell Cycle Checkpoint Pathways

145.               DNA Repair

146.               Metabolism

147.               Innate Immune Response

148.               Chromosome Aberrations Result from Faulty DNA Double-Strand Break Repair

149.               Membrane Signaling

150.               The Effect of Radiation on Cell Survival

151.               In Vivo Survival Determination of Normal Tissue Response to Radiation

152.               In Vivo Determination of Tumor Response to Radiation

153.               Factors That Affect Radiation Response

154.               The Fundamental Principles of Radiobiology

155.               Dose-Rate Effects

156.               Relative Biologic Effectiveness

157.               Stereotactic Radiosurgery and Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy

158.               Cell Cycle

159.               Tumor Oxygenation

160.               Immune Response

161.               Genetic Signatures

162.               Drugs That Affect Radiation Sensitivity

163.               Antimetabolites

164.               Platinums and Temozolomide

165.               Taxanes

166.               Molecularly Targeted Agents

167.               Immunotherapy

168.               Radiation Protection

169.               6. Microbiome and Cancer

170.               Giorgio Trinchieri

171.               Introduction

172.               Cancer as a Disease of the Metaorganism

173.               Bacteria as Cause of Cancer

174.               Helicobacter pylori and Stomach Cancer

175.               Colorectal Cancer

176.               Tumors in Tissues Not Directly Colonized by the Microbiota

177.               The Microbiota Modulates Cancer-Predisposing Conditions and Comorbidity

178.               Bacteria as Cancer Drugs

179.               Microbiota and Drug Metabolism

180.               Microbiota and Chemotherapy

181.               Microbiota and Immunotherapy

182.               Immune Checkpoint Blockers: Anti-CTLA-4

183.               Immune Checkpoint Blockers: Anti-PD-1/PD-L1

184.               Looking Forward

185.               7. Precision Medicine in Oncology

186.               James H. Doroshow

187.               Introduction

188.               Approach to Precision Medicine in Oncology

189.               Next-Generation DNA Sequencing for Precision Oncology

190.               Broadening the Spectrum of Molecular Characterization

191.               Preclinical Models to Inform Precision Oncology

192.               Role of Molecular Pharmacodynamics and Diagnostics in Precision Oncology

193.               Human Biospecimens for Molecular Characterization

194.               Molecular Pharmacodynamics in Precision Oncology

195.               Predictive Diagnostic Assays

196.               Precision Oncology Clinical Trials and Trial Designs

197.               Imaging and Precision Oncology

198.               Precision Prevention

199.               Future Prospects

200.               8. Cancer Immunotherapy

201.               Jeffrey Weber and Iulia Giuroiu

202.               Introduction

203.               Interferon-α

204.               Interleukin-2

205.               Talimogene Laherparepvec

206.               Granulocyte Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor

207.               Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes

208.               Checkpoint Inhibitors—Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 and Programmed Cell Death Protein 1

209.               Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen 4 Blockade

210.               Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 and Programmed Cell Death Protein Ligand 1 Blockade

211.               Melanoma

212.               Non–small-cell Lung Cancer

213.               Mismatch-Repair Deficient or Microsatellite Instability-High Cancers

214.               Renal Cell Carcinoma

215.               Hodgkin Lymphoma

216.               Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

217.               Urothelial Carcinoma

218.               Merkel Cell Carcinoma

219.               Hepatocellular Carcinoma

220.               Gastric Cancer

221.               Cervical Cancer

222.               Primary Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma

223.               Dosing

224.               Vaccines

225.               Sipuleucel-T

226.               Conclusion

227.               9. Immunotherapy Agents

228.               Jeffrey A. Sosman and Douglas B. Johnson

229.               Introduction

230.               Human Tumor Antigens

231.               Mutanome-Associated Neoantigens

232.               Tumor Vaccines

233.               Personalized Neoantigen Vaccination

234.               Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

235.               Other Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Development

236.               Anti-TIGIT

237.               TIM-3

238.               LAG-3

239.               KIR

240.               CD73

241.               VISTA

242.               B7-H3

243.               Immune Checkpoint Activators

244.               4-1BB (CD137)

245.               GITR

246.               ICOS

247.               CD40

248.               CD27-CD70

249.               OX40

250.               Oncolytic Viruses

251.               Talimogene Laherparepvec

252.               Other Oncolytic Viruses

253.               Factors to Activate Immune Effector Cells

254.               Cytokines

255.               IL-2 Variant Molecules

256.               Signaling Modulation

257.               STAT3 Inhibition

258.               PI3Kδ Inhibitors

259.               PI3Kγ Inhibitors

260.               Chemokine Inhibitors

261.               CXCR2 Inhibitors

262.               CCR2 Inhibitors

263.               CXCR4 Inhibitors

264.               CCR4 Antibodies

265.               CCR5 Inhibitors

266.               Soluble Factors

267.               IDO Inhibition

268.               Arginase Inhibitor

269.               TGF-β Kinase Inhibitors

270.               Adenosine A2α Receptor Axis

271.               Adenosine Receptor Inhibitors

272.               Innate Immune Modulation

273.               Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns, Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns, and Pattern Recognition Receptors

274.               Toll-Like Receptor Modulators

275.               STING Agonists

276.               Anti-CD47 Monoclonal Antibodies

277.               Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Inhibition

278.               Bifunctional Fusion Proteins

279.               Immunocytokines

280.               Adoptive Cell Therapy

281.               Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy

282.               10. Monoclonal Antibodies

283.               Hossein Borghaei, Matthew K. Robinson, Gregory P. Adams, and Louis M. Weiner

284.               Introduction

285.               Immunoglobulin Structure

286.               Structural and Functional Domains

287.               Modified Antibody-Based Molecules

288.               Factors Regulating Antibody-Based Tumor Targeting

289.               Antibody Size

290.               Tumor Antigens

291.               Half-Life/Clearance Rate

292.               Glycosylation

293.               Unconjugated Antibodies

294.               Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity

295.               Complement-Dependent Cytotoxicity

296.               Altering Signal Transduction

297.               Immunoconjugates

298.               Antibody–Drug Conjugates

299.               Radioimmunoconjugates

300.               Antibodies Approved for Use in Solid Tumors

301.               Trastuzumab

302.               Pertuzumab

303.               Cetuximab

304.               Panitumumab

305.               Necitumumab

306.               Bevacizumab

307.               Ado-Trastuzumab Emtansine

308.               Ramucirumab

309.               Denosumab

310.               Antibodies Used in Hematologic Malignancies

311.               Rituximab

312.               ofatumumab

313.               Alemtuzumab

314.               Brentuximab Vedotin

315.               Inotuzumab Ozogamicin

316.               Obinutuzumab

317.               Blinatumomab

318.               Daratumumab

319.               Elotuzumab

320.               Dinutuximab

321.               Olaratumab

322.               Conclusion

323.               11. Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes

324.               Alice Hawley Berger and Pier Paolo Pandolfi

325.               Introduction

326.               Principles of Cancer Susceptibility

327.               The “Two-Hit” Paradigm

328.               What Is the Function of a Tumor Suppressor?

329.               Haploinsufficiency and Compound Haploinsufficiency

330.               Genetic Testing

331.               Cancer Susceptibility Syndromes

332.               Retinoblastoma

333.               Incidence

334.               Genetic Basis

335.               Molecular Mechanism

336.               Mouse Models

337.               Clinical Features and Therapeutic Intervention

338.               Most Prevalent Syndromes

339.               Lynch Syndrome

340.               Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer

341.               Neurofibromatosis Type 1

342.               Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

343.               Other Syndromes, by Function

344.               Genomic Integrity and Apoptosis

345.               Regulation of Protein Translation

346.               Proliferation

347.               Angiogenesis

348.               Principles of Cancer Chemoprevention

349.               Emerging Knowledge and New Lessons

350.               Germline Mutations in Sporadic Cancer

351.               Weak Modifiers

352.               Epigenetic Factors

353.               Role of Noncoding RNAs

354.               The Regulatory Genome

355.               High-Throughput Methods for Understanding Cancer Variants

356.               Conclusion

357.               12. Pharmacogenomics

358.               Christine M. Walko and Howard L. McLeod

359.               Introduction

360.               Pharmacogenomics of Tumor Response

361.               Pathway-Directed Anticancer Therapy

362.               Genetic-Guided Therapy: Practical Issues in Somatic Analysis

363.               Pharmacogenomics of Chemotherapy Drug Toxicity

364.               Thiopurine Methyltransferase

365.               Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase

366.               Conclusions and Future Directions

367.               13. Genetic Counseling

368.               Danielle C. Bonadies, Meagan B. Farmer, and Ellen T. Matloff

369.               Introduction

370.               Who is a Candidate for Cancer Genetic Counseling?

371.               Components of the Cancer Genetic Counseling Session

372.               Precounseling Information

373.               Family History

374.               Dysmorphology Screening

375.               Risk Assessment

376.               Genetic Testing

377.               Options for Surveillance, Risk Reduction, and Tailored Treatment

378.               Follow-up

379.               Issues in Cancer Genetic Counseling

380.               Genetic Test Selection and Approaches

381.               Management of the Patient with a Pathogenic Variant in a Moderate-Risk or Lesser Known Gene

382.               Genetic Testing in Children

383.               Reproductive Issues

384.               Potential Germline Implications of Tumor Genomic Profiling

385.               Changes in Delivery Models

386.               Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing

387.               Psychosocial Issues

388.               Confidentiality

389.               Insurance and Discrimination Issues

390.               Future Directions

391.               Whole-Genome Sequencing and Whole-Exome Sequencing

392.               General Population Testing

393.               CRISPR

394.               Conclusion

395.               PART II: Molecular Biology of Individual Cancers

396.               14. The Molecular Biology of Head and Neck Cancers

397.               Thomas E. Carey, Mark E. Prince, and J. Chad Brenner

398.               Incidence, Risk Factors, and Etiology

399.               Oral Tongue Cancer in Young Patients

400.               High-Risk Hpv in Oropharyngeal Cancer

401.               Molecular Mechanisms in Hnscc

402.               The Cancer Genome Atlas Project

403.               Inhibition of Hnscc Immune Escape

404.               Cancer Stem Cells

405.               15. The Molecular Biology of Lung Cancer

406.               Jill E. Larsen and John D. Minna

407.               Introduction

408.               Genomics: Tools for Identification, Prediction, and Prognosis

409.               Somatic Landscape of Lung Cancer

410.               Characterization of Aberrant Pathways

411.               Transcriptome Profiling

412.               Proteomic Approaches

413.               Lessons Learned and Future Directions

414.               Functional Genomics in Lung Cancer

415.               Genome-wide RNA-Based and shRNA-Based Screening

416.               CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing

417.               Preclinical Model Systems for Studying Lung Cancer

418.               Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations in Lung Cancer

419.               EGFR/HER2/MET Signaling

420.               EGFR

421.               ERBB2 (HER2)

422.               MET

423.               RAS/RAF/MAPK Pathway

424.               RAS

425.               RAF

426.               MEK (MAP2K1 or MEK1)

427.               MYC

428.               Pl3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway

429.               STK11 (LKB1)

430.               Insulin Growth Factor Pathway

431.               Fibroblast Growth Factor Pathway

432.               The p53 Pathway

433.               The p16INK4a-RB Pathway

434.               Fusion Proteins

435.               ALK

436.               ROS1

437.               RET

438.               NTRK

439.               BRAF

440.               EGFR

441.               Epigenetic Changes in Lung Carcinogenesis

442.               Methylation and Chromatin Remodeling

443.               Noncoding RNAs

444.               NFIB, a Metastasis-Inducing Transcription Factor

445.               KDM Lysine Demethylases (JumonjiC) as an Epigenomic Drug Resistance Mechanism

446.               Metastasis and the Tumor Microenvironment

447.               Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition

448.               Angiogenesis

449.               Immune Checkpoint Inhibition

450.               Exosomes as a Source of Information on Tumor Molecular Alterations

451.               Lung Cancers Stem Cells

452.               Telomerase-Mediated Cellular Immortality in Lung Cancer

453.               Clinical Translation of Molecular Data

454.               Current Translation of Rationale-based Targeted Therapy

455.               Potential for Future Clinical Translation

456.               16. Molecular Biology of the Esophagus and Stomach

457.               Anil K. Rustgi

458.               Introduction

459.               Molecular Biology of Esophageal Cancer

460.               Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor

461.               Cyclin D1 and p16INK4a

462.               TP53 Tumor Suppressor Genes

463.               Telomerase Activation

464.               Tumor Invasion and Metastasis

465.               Models of Esophageal Squamous Cell Cancer and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma

466.               Functional Genomics

467.               Molecular Biology of Gastric Cancer

468.               Inherited Susceptibility

469.               Role of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Other Host–Environmental Factors

470.               Molecular Genetic Alterations

471.               Models of Gastric Cancer

472.               17. The Molecular Biology of Pancreas Cancer

473.               Scott E. Kern and Ralph H. Hruban

474.               Introduction

475.               Common Genetic Changes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

476.               Less-Prevalent Genetic Changes in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

477.               Other Neoplastic Lesions

478.               18. Molecular Biology of Liver Cancer

479.               Jens U. Marquardt and Snorri S. Thorgeirsson

480.               Introduction

481.               Genetic Alterations in Liver Cancer

482.               Epigenetic Alterations in Liver Cancer

483.               Mutational Landscape of Genetic Alterations—The Next Generation

484.               The Microenvironment of Liver Cancer

485.               Classification and Prognostic Prediction of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

486.               Molecular Basis of Cholangiocarcinoma

487.               Conclusion and Perspective

488.               19. Molecular Biology of Colorectal Cancer

489.               Ramesh A. Shivdasani

490.               Introduction

491.               Multistep Models of Colorectal Cancer and Genetic Instability

492.               Mutational and Epigenetic Landscapes in Colorectal Cancer

493.               Insights from Mouse Intestinal Crypts and Human Colorectal Cancers Lead to a Coherent Model for Colorectal Cancer Initiation and Progression

494.               WNT Signaling

495.               Other Growth Factor Pathways

496.               Inherited Syndromes of Increased Cancer Risk Highlight Early Events and Critical Pathways in Colorectal Tumorigenesis

497.               Familial Adenomatous Polyposis and the Central Importance of WNT Signaling

498.               Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer and the Role of DNA Mismatch Repair

499.               Other Inherited Syndromes with Elevated Colorectal Cancer Risk

500.               Familial Juvenile Polyposis

501.               Insights from Mendelian Syndromes, Genome-Wide Association Studies, and the Microbiome

502.               Oncogene and Tumor Suppressor Gene Mutations in Colorectal Cancer Progression

503.               The KRAS, BRAF, and PIK3CA Oncogenes

504.               MYC, CDK8, and Control of Cell Growth and Metabolism

505.               TP53 and Other Tumor Suppressors

506.               Prognostic and Predictive Value of Tumor Genotypes and Molecular Properties

507.               20. Molecular Biology of Kidney Cancer

508.               W. Marston Linehan and Laura S. Schmidt

509.               Introduction

510.               Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

511.               von Hippel-Lindau Disease

512.               Genetics of von Hippel-Lindau Disease: VHL Gene

513.               Gene Mutated in Renal Cancer Families with Chromosome 3p Translocations

514.               Sporadic Clear Cell Kidney Cancer: VHL Gene Mutation

515.               Function of the von Hippel-Lindau Protein

516.               Additional Genes Mutated in Clear Cell Kidney Cancer

517.               Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

518.               Hereditary Papillary Renal Carcinoma: Type 1 Papillary

519.               Genetics of Hereditary Papillary Renal Carcinoma: MET Protooncogene

520.               Hereditary Papillary Renal Carcinoma: Functional Consequences of MET Mutations

521.               Sporadic Type 1 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

522.               Xp11.2 Translocation Renal Cell Cancer

523.               Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma: Type 2 Papillary

524.               Hereditary Leiomyomatosis and Renal Cell Carcinoma: Fumarate Hydratase Gene

525.               Functional Consequences of Fumarate Hydratase Mutations

526.               Sporadic Type 2 Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma

527.               Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

528.               Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome

529.               Birt-Hogg-Dubé Syndrome: FLCN Gene

530.               Function of the Birt-Hogg-Dubé Protein: Folliculin

531.               Sporadic Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma

532.               Additional Types of Renal Cell Carcinoma

533.               Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

534.               Succinate Dehydrogenase–Associated Renal Cancer

535.               Conclusion

536.               21. Molecular Biology of Bladder Cancer

537.               Carolyn D. Hurst and Margaret A. Knowles

538.               Introduction

539.               Mutational Landscape

540.               Mutation Rates, Mutational Signatures, and Mutational Processes

541.               FGFR3, PIK3CA, and RAS Genes

542.               Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase Promoter

543.               TP53, RB1, and CDKN2A

544.               Genes Involved in Chromatin Modification and Architecture

545.               STAG2

546.               Alterations in DNA Repair Pathways

547.               Structural Alterations to the Genome

548.               Heterogeneity and Clonal Evolution

549.               Molecular Subtypes

550.               DNA-Based Subtypes

551.               Transcriptome-Based Subtypes

552.               Therapeutic Opportunities and Future Outlook

553.               22. The Molecular Biology of Prostate Cancer

554.               Charles Dai and Nima Sharifi

555.               Introduction

556.               The Genomic Landscape of Prostate Cancer

557.               The Molecular Subtypes of Primary Prostate Cancer

558.               ETS Family Gene Fusions

559.               Speckle-Type POZ Protein Mutations

560.               Forkhead Box A1 Mutations

561.               Serine Peptidase Inhibitor, Kazal Type 1 Overexpression

562.               Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1 Mutations

563.               The Clonal Evolution of Lethal Metastatic Prostate Cancer

564.               Genetic Basis of Prostate Cancer Heritability

565.               Androgen Signaling in Prostate Cancer

566.               androgen Receptor Structure and Function

567.               androgen Receptor Action

568.               Intratumoral androgen Biosynthesis

569.               Glucocorticoid Signaling in Treatment Resistance

570.               Other Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer

571.               Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/AKT/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Pathway

572.               Other Signaling Pathways in Prostate Cancer

573.               Cell Cycle Aberrations

574.               Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer

575.               Areas of Ongoing Research and Emerging Therapeutic Approaches

576.               DNA Repair Pathway

577.               Epigenetic Alterations

578.               Conclusion

579.               23. Molecular Biology of Gynecologic Cancers

580.               Tanja Pejovic, Adam J. Krieg, and Kunle Odunsi

581.               Introduction

582.               Ovarian Cancer

583.               Origins of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

584.               Molecular Pathways to Ovarian Cancer

585.               Inherited Syndromes of Ovarian Cancers

586.               Targeting Homologous Recombination Defects in Gynecologic Cancer

587.               Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment, Metastases, and Angiogenesis

588.               Ovarian Cancer Microenvironment

589.               Angiogenesis and Tumor Hypoxia

590.               Influences of the Microenvironment on Tumor Metastasis

591.               Epigenetics

592.               Role of Specific Immune Responses and Immunotherapy

593.               Immune Inhibitory Network and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Ovarian Cancer

594.               Immunotherapy Clinical Trials in Ovarian Cancer

595.               Adoptive Cellular Transfer Therapy

596.               Endometrial Cancer

597.               Type I Cancers

598.               Type II Endometrial Cancer

599.               Microsatellite Instability

600.               PTEN

601.               KRAS Mutations

602.               β-Catenin

603.               Cervix, Vaginal, and Vulvar Cancers

604.               Role of Human Papillomavirus

605.               Immune Evasion by Human Papillomavirus

606.               Human Papillomavirus Vaccines

607.               Adoptive T-Cell Therapy

608.               24. Molecular Biology of Breast Cancer

609.               Ana T. Nunes, Tara Berman, and Lyndsay Harris

610.               Introduction

611.               Genetics of Breast Cancer

612.               Hereditary Breast Cancer

613.               High-Penetrance, Low-Frequency Genes

614.               Moderate-Penetrance, Low-Frequency Genes

615.               Low-Penetrance, High-Frequency Genes and Loci

616.               Microsatellite Instability in Breast Cancer

617.               Somatic Alterations in Breast Cancer

618.               Copy Number Alterations in Breast Cancer

619.               Transcriptional Profiles of Breast Cancer—Molecular Subtypes

620.               Luminal Subtypes

621.               HER2-Enriched Subtype

622.               Triple-Negative Subtypes

623.               Mutational Profiles in Breast Cancer by Molecular Subtype

624.               Transcriptional Profiles of Breast Cancer—Prognosis and Benefit of Therapy

625.               70-Gene Assay (Mammaprint)

626.               21-Gene Recurrence Score (Oncotype DX)

627.               Prediction Analysis of Microarray-50 (PAM50, PAM50 Risk of Recurrence Score, or Prosigna)

628.               12-Gene Risk Score (Endopredict)

629.               Two-Gene Ratio (Breast Cancer Index)

630.               Epigenetics of Breast Cancer

631.               Protein/Pathway Alterations

632.               Estrogen Receptor Pathway

633.               Growth Factor Receptor Pathways

634.               Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2

635.               RAS and Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Signaling Pathways

636.               Cyclin-Dependent Kinases

637.               25. Molecular Biology of Endocrine Tumors

638.               Zeyad T. Sahli, Brittany A. Avin, and Martha A. Zeiger

639.               Endocrine Syndromes

640.               Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1

641.               Clinical Features

642.               Molecular Genetics of MEN1

643.               Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2

644.               Clinical Features of MEN2A

645.               Clinical Features of MEN2B

646.               Molecular Genetics of MEN2

647.               Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 4

648.               Carney Complex

649.               Clinical Features

650.               Molecular Genetics of Carney Complex

651.               Adrenal Gland

652.               Cortisol-Producing Adenomas

653.               Aldosterone-Producing Adenomas

654.               Pheochromocytoma

655.               Adrenocortical Carcinoma

656.               Parathyroid Gland

657.               Hyperparathyroidism–Jaw Tumor Syndrome

658.               Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia

659.               Neonatal Severe Hyperparathyroidism

660.               Autosomal Dominant Hypoparathyroidism

661.               Familial Isolated Hyperparathyroidism

662.               Pituitary Gland

663.               Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenoma

664.               X-linked Acrogigantism

665.               McCune-Albright Syndrome

666.               Paraganglioma, Pheochromocytoma, and Pituitary Adenoma Association

667.               Dicer1 Syndrome

668.               Thyroid Gland

669.               Follicular Adenomas

670.               Noninvasive Follicular Thyroid Neoplasm with Papillary-Like Nuclear Features

671.               Papillary Thyroid Cancer

672.               Follicular Thyroid Cancer

673.               Hürthle Cell Carcinoma

674.               Medullary Thyroid Cancer

675.               Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

676.               Werner Syndrome

677.               Acknowledgments

678.               26. Molecular Biology of Sarcomas

679.               Samuel Singer and Cristina R. Antonescu

680.               Introduction

681.               Soft Tissue Sarcomas

682.               Translocation-Associated Soft Tissue Sarcomas

683.               Myxoid/Round Cell Liposarcoma

684.               Ewing Sarcoma

685.               Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor

686.               Synovial Sarcoma

687.               Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma

688.               Alveolar Soft Part Sarcoma

689.               Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans

690.               Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma

691.               Solitary Fibrous Tumor and Hemangiopericytoma

692.               Soft Tissue Sarcomas of Simple Karyotype Associated With Mutations

693.               Desmoid Fibromatosis

694.               Complex Soft Tissue Sarcoma Types

695.               Well-Differentiated and Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma

696.               Pleomorphic Liposarcoma

697.               Myxofibrosarcoma and Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma)

698.               Myxofibrosarcoma

699.               Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma (Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma)

700.               Leiomyosarcoma

701.               Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor

702.               Angiosarcoma

703.               Bone and Cartilaginous Tumors

704.               Cartilaginous Tumors

705.               Enchondroma

706.               Osteochondroma

707.               Chondrosarcoma

708.               Osteosarcoma

709.               Future Directions: Next-Generation Sequencing and Functional Screens

710.               27. Molecular Biology of Cutaneous Melanoma

711.               Michael A. Davies

712.               Introduction

713.               The Cancer Genome Atlas Effort in Cutaneous Melanoma

714.               The Ras-Raf-Mapk Pathway

715.               RAF Kinases

716.               RAS Family GTPases

717.               NF1

718.               Additional Oncogenic Pathways

719.               Cell Cycle Regulators

720.               The p53 Pathway

721.               The Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase Pathway

722.               Receptor Tyrosine Kinases

723.               RAC1

724.               Telomerase

725.               Triple Wild-Type Melanomas

726.               Melanin Synthesis Pathway

727.               MITF

728.               The MC1R Pathway

729.               Summary and Future Directions

730.               28. Molecular Biology of Central Nervous System Tumors

731.               Mark W. Youngblood, Jennifer Moliterno Günel, and Murat Günel

732.               Introduction

733.               Pediatric Brain Tumors

734.               Medulloblastoma

735.               Low-Grade Glioma

736.               High-Grade Glioma

737.               Ependymal Tumors

738.               Adult Brain Tumors