Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, 2-Volume Set, 9th Edition

Description:

Through nine outstanding editions, Rutherford's Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy has been the gold standard text in this fast-changing, complex field. Published in association with the Society for Vascular Surgery, this state-of-the-art reference by Drs. Anton N. Sidawy and Bruce A. Perler is a must-have for vascular surgeons, interventionalists, vascular medicine specialists, and trainees, as well as general surgeons, interventional radiologists, and cardiologists that depend upon "Rutherford’s" in their practice. It offers authoritative guidance from the most respected and innovative global thought leaders and clinical and basic science experts in the diagnosis and treatment of circulatory disease.

Incorporates medical, endovascular, and surgical treatment, as well as diagnostic techniques, decision making, and fundamental vascular biology.

Features all vascular imaging techniques, offering a non-invasive evaluation of both the morphology and hemodynamics of the vascular system.

Provides unparalleled insight from multidisciplinary leaders worldwide, who share their expertise on the most appropriate contemporary and future treatment of circulatory disease.

Employs a full-color layout and images so you can view clinical and physical findings and operative techniques more vividly.

Includes 40 new chapters incorporating a shorter, more focused format with a summary for each chapter that provides a quick access to key information – ideal for consultation situations as well as daily practice.

Some of these chapters are organized in new sections dedicated to open operative exposure and vessel dissection techniques, diabetic foot, Pediatric Vascular Disease, and practice management issues; areas in the specialty that clinicians frequently face but seldom detailed in other vascular texts nor in earlier Rutherford editions.

Covers hot topics such as endovascular therapy of aortic arch and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm disease, including the evolving management of aortic dissections.

 

Table of Contents:

 

Volume 1

Section 1 Basic Science

Chapter 1 Epidemiology and Research Methodology

Abstract

Epidemiology

Clinical Research Methods

Outcomes Analysis

Outcomes Translational Research

References

Chapter 2 Embryology and Developmental Anatomy

Abstract

Formation of Embryonic Blood Vessels

Development of the Descending (Thoracic and Abdominal) Aorta

Development of the Limbs

Development of the Venous System

References

Chapter 3 Vessel Wall Biology

Abstract

Arterial Wall Anatomy

Arterial Wall System

Hemodynamics and Vascular Wall Biology

Vein Wall Anatomy

Vein Wall System

Lymphatic Wall Anatomy

Lymphatic Wall System

References

Chapter 4 Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerotic Lesions

Theories of Pathogenesis

Atherosclerosis as a Chronic Inflammatory Disease

Localization of Atherosclerosis

Progression/Regression of Plaques

Thrombotic Complications of Atherosclerosis

Identification of Vulnerable Lesions

References

Chapter 5 Intimal Hyperplasia

Response of the Artery to Injury

Response of Vein to Injury

Healing Response of the Prosthetic Graft

Intimal Hyperplasia and Dialysis Access

Conclusion

References

Chapter 6 Ischemia-Reperfusion

Abstract

Pathophysiology of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Clinical Manifestations of Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

Future Directions in Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury

References

Chapter 7 Arteriogenesis and Angiogenesis

Neovascularization

Arteriogenesis

Angiogenesis

Role of Micrornas in Neovascularization

Clinical Trials

References

Chapter 8 Arterial Hemodynamics

Basic Concepts

Arterial Stenosis

References

Chapter 9 Venous Pathophysiology

Introduction

Basic Considerations

Thrombophlebitis

Conclusion

References

Chapter 10 Lymphatic Pathophysiology

Anatomy

Physiology

Molecular Lymphology

Pathophysiology

Clinical Overview

References

Section 2 Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Chapter 11 Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Abstract

Epidemiology

Biologic Effects of Smoking on the Vasculature

Nonvascular Clinical Effects

Vascular Clinical Effects

Smoking Cessation

References

Chapter 12 Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Epidemiology

Classification of Diabetes

Diabetes and Vascular Disease

Pathophysiology of Vascular Disease in Diabetes

Vascular Evaluation of Patients With Diabetes

Treatment of Patients With Diabetes and Peripheral Artery Disease

Summary and Future Directions

References

Chapter 13 Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Abstract

Historical Perspective

Physiology and Metabolism of Lipids

Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis

Diagnosis of Atherogenic Lipid Disorders

Evolution of the Guidelines for Management and Therapeutic Goals for Lipoprotein Disorders

Clinical Trials of the Management of Dyslipidemia in Peripheral Arterial Disease

Nonpharmacologic Therapy for Dyslipidemia

Pharmacologic Therapy for Dyslipidemia

References

Chapter 14 Atherosclerotic Risk Factors

Epidemiology

Diagnosis

Pathologic Mechanisms of Hypertension and Atherosclerosis

Management

References

Chapter 15 Atherosclerosis Risk Factors

Abstract

Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Familial Hypertension

Familial Diabetes

Familial Obesity

Genetics of Peripheral Artery Disease

Influence of Nongenetic Factors

Risk Assessment and Diagnosis

Risk Management

References

Chapter 16 Less Commonly Considered Causes of Atherosclerosis

Abstract

The Atherosclerotic Lesion

Hyperlipidemia

Diet

Infection

Environmental Toxins

Summary

References

Chapter 17 International and Ethnic Trends in Vascular Disease

Abstract

International Trends

Ethnic Trends

References

Section 3 Clinical and Vascular Laboratory Evaluation

Chapter 18 Clinical Evaluation of the Arterial System

Abstract

Overview of the Clinical Evaluation

History in Patients With Arterial Disease

Physical Examination in Patients With Arterial Disease

The Ulcerated Leg

References

Chapter 19 Clinical Evaluation of the Venous and Lymphatic Systems

Introduction

Anatomic Considerations

The Clinical Evaluation

References

Chapter 20 Vascular Laboratory

Doppler Ultrasonography

Pressure Measurements

Plethysmography

Other Methods

References

Chapter 21 Vascular Laboratory

Instrumentation and Basic Concepts

Duplex Surveillance

References

Chapter 22 Vascular Laboratory

Ambulatory Venous Pressure

Plethysmography

Selective Use of Venous Physiologic Testing

References

Chapter 23 Vascular Laboratory

Abstract

Normal B-Mode Imaging Findings

Normal Flow Patterns in Veins

Diagnosis of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Calf Vein Thrombosis

Iliac Vein and Inferior Vena Cava

Diagnosis of Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis

Limited or Point-of-Care Ultrasound Examinations

Determination of Thrombus Age

Novel Ultrasound Techniques: Elastography

Determining the Duration of Therapy for Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis

Diagnosis of Recurrent Thrombosis

Superficial Veins

Evaluation for Chronic Venous Disease: Venous Insufficiency

Perforating Veins

References

Section 4 Vascular Imaging

Chapter 24 Radiation Safety

Abstract

Types of Radiation

Measurement

Biologic Effects of Radiation

Exposure and Recommended Limits

Principles of Radiation Protection

Radiation Safety: Diagnostic Procedures

Radiation Safety: Endovascular Procedures

Radiation and the Endovascular Surgeon

Radiation and Pregnancy

References

Chapter 25 Arteriography

Abstract

Equipment

Techniques

Clinical Applications

Limitations and Risks

Future Advances

References

Chapter 26 Venography

Basic Principles

Clinical Applications

Iliac Vein Assessment and Inferior Venacavography

Venography During Treatment of Iliocaval Stenosis

Diagnostic Venography of Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

Venography for Varicoceles

Renal Venography

Diagnostic Angiography of Mesenteric or Portal Venous Thrombosis

Diagnostic Venography of Budd-Chiari Syndrome

Upper Extremity Venography

Central Thoracic Venography

Pulmonary Arteriography

General Limitations and Risks of Venography

Future Advances

References

Chapter 27 Computed Tomography

Basic Principles

Clinical Application

Limitations and Risks

Common Artifacts

Special Pediatric Considerations

Future Advances

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 28 Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Arteriography

Abstract

Basic Principles

Clinical Applications of Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Limitations and Risks

Recent Advances

References

Chapter 29 Vascular PET/CT and SPECT/CT

Abstract

Basic Principles

Clinical Applications

Limitations and Risks

Future Advances

References

Chapter 30 Intravascular Ultrasound

Abstract

Introduction

Basic Principles

Clinical Applications

Limitations and Risks

Future Advances

References

Chapter 31 The Future of Imaging for Endovascular and Open Surgery

Background

X-Ray Imaging and Hybrid Operating Rooms

Endovascular Navigation and Catheter Robotics

The Future Hybrid Operating Suites

References

Section 5 Perioperative Care

Chapter 32 Preoperative Evaluation and Management

Abstract

General Preoperative Risk Assessment

Preoperative Medical Versus Interventional Therapy for Cardiac Disease

Ethical and Legal Concerns/Frailty Assessment

References

Chapter 33 Intraoperative Management

Anesthesia

Intraoperative Monitoring

Neurologic Monitoring

Infection Control and Maintenance of Homeostasis

Anticoagulation/Antiplatelet Therapy

Control of Blood Loss/Transfusion

Transfusion Strategies

Venous Thromboembolic Prophylaxis

Intraoperative Safety

References

Chapter 34 Postoperative Management

Postoperative Triage

Hemodynamics and Pressure Monitoring

Cardiovascular Complications

Pulmonary Management

Bleeding

Fluids

Renal Failure

General Issues

References

Chapter 35 Hospital Readmissions in Vascular Surgery

Abstract

Introduction

History

Readmission in Vascular Patients

Interventions to Decrease Readmissions in Vascular Surgery

Limitations of 30-Day Readmissions

Conclusions

References

Section 6 Bleeding and Clotting

Chapter 36 Normal Coagulation

Abstract

Introduction

Procoagulant, Anticoagulant, and Fibrinolytic Proteins, Inhibitors, and Receptors

Connectivity and Dynamics of Blood Coagulation

Blood Coagulation Monitoring

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 37 Coagulopathy and Hemorrhage

Abstract

Diagnosis and Preoperative Screening for Bleeding Disorders

Inherited Coagulopathies

Acquired Coagulopathies

Drug-Induced Coagulopathies

Hypothermia

Acidosis

Dilution

Treatment

Intraoperative Bleeding

Postoperative Bleeding

References

Chapter 38 Hypercoagulable States

Pathophysiology

Congenital Hypercoagulability

Acquired Hypercoagulability

Evaluation of the Patient With Suspected Thrombophilia

References

Chapter 39 Anticoagulant Drugs

Introduction

References

Chapter 40 Antiplatelet Agents

Introduction

Normal Platelet Function and Platelet Activation

Clinical Use of Antiplatelet Agents in Vascular Disease

References

Chapter 41 Thrombolytic Agents

Abstract

History

Thrombolytic Drug Administration

Thrombolytic Agents

Clinical Applications

References

Section 7 Complications

Chapter 42 Systemic Complications

Abstract

Epidemiology

The Pathophysiology of Perioperative Myocardial Infarction

Preoperative Cardiac Evaluation

Class I

Class III: No Benefit

Medical Prophylaxis

Treatment

References

Chapter 43 Respiratory Complications

Preoperative Risk Stratification

Perioperative Risk Reduction

Clinical Manifestations

Management Strategies

References

Chapter 44 Systemic Complications

Abstract

Renal Anatomy

Renal Function

Acute Kidney Injury After Vascular and Endovascular Procedures

Ischemic Injury to the Kidney

Altered Renal Function During Aortic Surgery

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 45 Neurologic Complications

Structure of a Peripheral Nerve

Causes of Nerve Damage

Diagnostic Evaluation

General Principles of Treatment

Trauma

Specific Nerve Injuries

Spinal Cord and Lumbosacral Plexus Injury

Femoral Nerve Injury

Saphenous Nerve and Sural Nerve Injury

Tibial and Peroneal Nerve Injury

Other Nerves

References

Chapter 46 Graft Thrombosis

Abstract

Prevention: Intraoperative Graft Assessment

Graft Thrombosis: Pathogenesis

Graft Thrombosis: Therapeutic Approach

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 47 Graft Infection

Abstract

Incidence

Classification

Pathogenesis

Diagnosis

Surgical Treatment and Outcomes

References

Chapter 48 Anastomotic Aneurysms

Incidence and Anatomic Location

Pathogenesis

Clinical Diagnosis

History and Physical Examination

Surgical Treatment

Outcomes

References

Chapter 49 Local Complications

Primary Aortoenteric Fistula

Secondary Aortoenteric Fistula

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Results and Conclusions

References

Chapter 50 Local Endovascular Complications and Their Management

Abstract:

Introduction

Groin Hematoma

Retroperitoneal Hematoma

Arteriovenous Fistula

Pseudoaneurysm

Axillary and Brachial Access Complications

Percutaneous Closure Device Complications

Bleeding Complications

Ischemic Complications

Procedure-Specific Complications

Other Complications of Endovascular Procedures

References

Chapter 51 Venous Complications

Abstract

Incidence of Venous Complications

Conclusions

References

Chapter 52 Local Complications

Abstract

Post-Bypass Edema

Lymphatic Fistula

Lymphocele

Chylous Ascites

Thoracic Duct Fistula

Chylothorax

References

Section 8 Technique

Chapter 53 Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Vascular Exposure

Abstract

Exposure of the Ascending Aorta and Aortic Arch

Exposure of the Distal Aortic Arch and Descending Thoracic Aorta

Exposure of the Thoracoabdominal Aorta

Exposure of the Distal Descending Thoracic Aorta and Visceral Aorta

References

Chapter 54 Abdominal Vascular Exposures

Abstract

Anatomic Considerations

Exposure of Major Abdominal Veins

References

Chapter 55 Cerebrovascular Exposure

Abstract

General

Exposure of the Carotid Artery for Endarterectomy

Retrojugular Approach

Posterior Approach for Carotid Endarterectomy

Proximal Exposure for Carotid Endarterectomy

Reoperative Exposure for Carotid Stenosis

Exposure for Subclavian Carotid Interventions

Vertebral Artery Exposure

Exposure of the V2 Segment of the Vertebral Artery

Posterior Exposure of the Suboccipital Vertebral Artery (V4) Segment

Tips

Chapter 56 Lower Extremity Arterial Exposure

Abstract

Introduction

Femoral Artery Exposure

Popliteal Artery Exposure

Suprageniculate Popliteal

Midpopliteal

Infrageniculate Popliteal

Exposure of the Tibial and Peroneal Arteries

Exposure of the Arteries of the Foot

Exposure for Obturator Bypass

Exposure of the Lower Extremity Veins

Small Saphenous Vein

Femoral Vein of the Thigh

References

Chapter 57 Upper Extremity Vascular Exposure

Abstract

Introduction

Exposure of Arteries Within the Thorax

Exposure of Veins Within the Thorax

Exposure of Vessels Within the Thoracic Outlet

Exposure of the Arm Vessels

References

Chapter 58 Spinal Operative Exposure

Abstract

Clinical Presentation, Diagnostic Evaluation, and Risk Assessment

Surgical Treatment

Surgical Results and Complications

Postoperative Management and Follow-up

References

Chapter 59 Technique

Basic Principles

Basic Vascular Techniques

Thrombectomy and Thromboembolectomy

Endarterectomy

Arteriotomy Closure

Replacement and Bypass Procedures

References

Appendix e59.1

Appendix e59.2

Chapter 60 Endovascular Diagnostic Technique

Introduction

Vascular Access

Technique for Catheterization

Complications

Conclusion

References

Chapter 61 Endovascular Therapeutic Technique

Introduction

Balloon Angioplasty

Stents

Atherectomy Devices (Debulking Technologies)

Thromboembolectomy

Intraluminal Devices to Cross Chronic Total Occlusions

Re-Entry Devices

Embolization Devices and Agents

Vascular Closure Devices

Endovascular Therapeutic Techniques

Stenting

Hybrid Therapies

Embolization

References

Chapter 62 Laparoscopic and Robotic Aortic Surgery

Abstract

Introduction

Total Laparoscopic Aortic Surgery

Hand-Assisted Laparoscopic Aortic Surgery

Totally Robotic Aortic and Robot-Assisted Procedures

Published Series

Perioperative Outcomes

Summary

Conclusions

References

Section 9 Grafts and Devices

Chapter 63 Autogenous Grafts

Abstract

Histology

Anatomy

Vein Graft Preparation

Autogenous Vein Graft Configurations

Etiology of Vein Graft Failure

Prevention of Vein Graft Failure

References

Chapter 64 Prosthetic Grafts (Heparin-Bonded and Spiral Grafts)

Abstract

Introduction

Basic Principles

Clinical Applications

Limitations and Risks

Future Advances

References

Chapter 65 Biologic Grafts

Abstract

Graft Properties

Clinical Use in Peripheral Vascular Surgery

Clinical Outcomes

References

Chapter 66 Bioengineered Vascular Grafts

Abstract

Basic Principles

Clinical Experience

Limitations and Risks

Future Advances

References

Chapter 67 Nonaortic Stents and Stent Grafts

Abstract

Historical Background

Stent-Vessel Interaction

Stent Types and Characteristics

Selection of Stent

Failure Modes

New Developments

Future Developments

References

Chapter 68 Novel and Evolving Aortic Endovascular Devices

Introduction

Thoracic Aorta

Abdominal Aorta

Future Directions

Conclusion

References

Section 10 Abdominal Aortic And Iliac Aneurysms

Chapter 69 Arterial Aneurysms

Abstract

General Considerations

Historical Perspective

Aneurysm Classification

Multiple Aneurysms

References

Chapter 70 Aortoiliac Aneurysms

History

Definitions

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Diagnosis

Screening and Surveillance Recommendations

Medical Therapy

Indications for Intervention

Future Directions

References

Chapter 71 Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Indication for Open Repair

Preoperative Assessment and Planning

Operative Technique

Transperitoneal Repair

Retroperitoneal Repair

Anatomic Considerations

Intraoperative Management

Postoperative Complications

Outcomes

Special Circumstances

References

Chapter 72 Aortoiliac Aneurysms

Abstract

Graft Types

Randomized Trials of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Versus Open Repair

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Compared With Medical Management

Endovascular Aneurysm Repair in Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Comparison of Different Stent Grafts

Complications of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

Follow-Up

Endovascular Repair of the Juxtarenal Aorta

Endovascular Repair of Common Iliac and Internal Iliac Artery Aneurysms

Cost of Endovascular Aneurysm Repair

References

Chapter 73 Endovascular Aneurysm Repair Techniques

Abstract

Characteristics of Abdominal Aortic Stent Grafts

Anesthesia, Access, and Imaging

Evar Deployment

EVAR Troubleshooting

Selected Key References

Chapter 74 Ruptured Aortoiliac Aneurysms and Their Management

Terminology and History

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology of Aortic Rupture

Clinical Features

Initial Management Strategies

Operative Strategies: Endovascular Repair

Operative Strategies: Open Surgical Repair

Complications of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Outcomes of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Quality of Life

References

Chapter 75 Isolated Iliac Artery Aneurysms and Their Management

Introduction

Pathogenesis

Natural History

Presentation

Diagnosis

Management

Conclusions

References

Section 11 Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Dissections

Chapter 76 Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Introduction

The Thoracic Aorta: Anatomy and Epidemiology of TAA and TAAA

Pathogenesis

Etiology

Anatomic Classification

Clinical Findings

Diagnostic Evaluation

Medical Therapy

Selection of Treatment

Preoperative Evaluation

Other Pathologies Associated With the Thoracic Aorta

References

Chapter 77 Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms

Abstract

Pathology

Degenerative

Inheritable

Trauma, Mycotic, Vasculitis

Anatomic Classification

Indications for Surgical Treatment

Patient Evaluation

Imaging

Informed Consent

Surgical Repair

Anesthesia

Patient Positioning

Surgical Exposure

Aneurysm Repair

Impact of Endovascular Treatment

Postoperative Care

Outcomes

Spinal Cord Ischemia

Pulmonary Complications

Mortality

Renal Function

Effect of Surgical Technique on Morbidity

Long-Term Survival and Quality of Life

References

Chapter 78 Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms

Abstract

Approved Devices for Thoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair

PlanningThoracic Endovascular Aortic Repair for Thoracic Aneurysms

Hybrid Endovascular Repair for Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms

Investigational Devices for Thoracoabdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Investigational Devices for Aortic Arch

References

Chapter 79 Thoracic and Thoracoabdominal Aneurysms

Abstract

Introduction

Indications

Devices

Technique

Complications

Neuroprotective Strategies

Imaging Surveillance

Outcomes

Ruptured Descending Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm

Connective Tissue Disorders

Methods for Failure to Rescue

References

Chapter 80 Fenestrated and Branched Endograft Treatment of Juxtarenal, Paravisceral, Thoracoabdominal, and Aortic Arch Aneurysms

Abstract

History of Fenestrated and Branched Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Definitions

Overview of Current Devices Based on Aneurysm Location and Extent

Case Planning and Sizing

Patient Selection and Preoperative Evaluation

Operative Technique

Outcomes of Fenestrated and Branched Repair

Surveillance Recommendations After Fenestrated and Branched Repair

Practice and Regulatory Issues

References

Chapter 81 Aortic Dissection

Classification

Epidemiology

Pathologic Anatomy of Acute Aortic Dissection

Pathogenesis of Malperfusion Syndromes

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment of Type B Dissection

Natural History and Follow-Up

References

Chapter 82 Penetrating Aortic Ulcers

Abstract

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Incidence

Clinical Presentation

Other Aortic Pathologies Associated With Penetrating Aortic Ulcer

Diagnostic Imaging

Treatment

Operative Repair

Endovascular Repair

Complications Associated With Repair

Summary

References

Section 12 Peripheral and Splanchnic Aneurysms

Chapter 83 Lower Extremity Aneurysms

Femoral Artery Aneurysms

Persistent Sciatic Artery Aneurysm

Popliteal Artery Aneurysms

Conclusion

Tibial Artery and Pedal Artery Aneurysms

References

Chapter 84 Upper Extremity Aneurysms

Abstract

Arch Vessel Aneurysms

Aneurysm of Aberrant Subclavian Artery and Kommerell Diverticulum

Axillary Artery Aneurysms

Brachial Artery Aneurysms

References

Chapter 85 Splanchnic Artery Aneurysms

Abstract

Incidence and Etiology

General Treatment Principles

Surgical and Endovascular Techniques

Specific Splanchnic Aneurysms

Other Rare Splanchnic Aneurysms

References

Section 13 Cerebrovascular Diseases

Chapter 86 Cerebrovascular Disease

Abstract

Background

Stroke—Background/Introduction

Stroke—Prevalence/Incidence

Declining Prevalence/Incidence of Stroke

Ischemic Stroke—Epidemiology

Ischemic Stroke—Natural History

Transient Ischemic Attack—Background/Introduction

Transient Ischemic Attack—Prevalence

Transient Ischemic Attack—Natural History

Extracranial Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis—Background

Extracranial Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis—Epidemiology

Extracranial Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis—Natural History

Additional Topics

References

Chapter 87 Cerebrovascular Disease

Abstract

Mechanism of Stroke in Carotid Atherosclerosis

Stable Versus Unstable Carotid Plaques

Histomorphology of the Unstable Carotid Plaque

Biomechanics of the Unstable Carotid Plaque

Noninvasive Identification of the Unstable Carotid Plaque

Two-Dimensional B-Mode Imaging

Ultrasonographic Virtual Histology

Three-Dimensional Ultrasonography

Contrast Enhanced Ultrasonography

Plaque Strain Measurement

Intravascular Ultrasound

Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Histomorphology

Combined Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Ultrasonography for Biomechanics

Summary

References

Chapter 88 Cerebrovascular Disease

Duplex Ultrasound

Magnetic Resonance Imaging/Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography (See Chapter 29)

Computed Tomography Angiography

Digital Subtraction Angiography

Transcranial Doppler

References

Chapter 89 Cerebrovascular Disease

Introduction

Treatment Options When Carotid Bifurcation Stenosis Is Identified

Best Medical Therapy

Estimating the Stroke Risk in A Particular Clinical Scenario

Patient-Specific Factors That Influence the Choice of Therapy

Evidence-Based Selection of Therapy

Societal Guidelines Regarding Carotid Revascularization and Stroke Prevention

Selecting the Appropriate Therapy for the Appropriate Patient

References

Chapter 90 Nonatherosclerotic Carotid Artery Disease and Its Management

Abstract

Carotid Stenosis After Radiotherapy

Recurrent Carotid Stenosis

References

Chapter 91 Carotid Endarterectomy

Abstract

Epidemiology

Indications for Carotid Endarterectomy

Preoperative Imaging

Perioperative Medical Management

Operative Technique

Exposure for High Lesions

Cerebral Protection and Monitoring

Arteriotomy Closure

Completion Studies

Perioperative Stroke Management

Surgical Results

Complications

Special Considerations

References

Chapter 92 Cerebrovascular Disease

Abstract

Background

Landmark Clinical Trials

Current Guidelines

Patient Selection

Anatomic Considerations

Preoperative Considerations

Technique

Perioperative Medications

Complications

Postoperative Surveillance

Long-Term Outcomes

Conclusions

References

Chapter 93 Cerebrovascular Disease

Abstract

Carotid Artery Dissection

References

Chapter 94 Carotid Artery Aneurysms

Abstract

Definition

Historical Review

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Clinical Findings

Diagnostic Evaluation

Natural History

Treatment

Treatment Outcome

Medical Management

Special Considerations

References

Chapter 95 Carotid Body Tumors

Abstract

Introduction

Epidemiology and Etiology

Anatomy and Physiology

Pathology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Preoperative Preparation

Surgical Technique

Positioning and Exposure

Resection of Tumor

Postoperative Care

Results

Conclusions

Selected Key References

Chapter 96 Unusual Carotid Artery Conditions

Abstract

Background

Carotid Sinus Syndrome/Carotid Sinus Hypersensitivity

Moyamoya Disease

Carotid Artery Kinks and Coils

Intracranial Vascular Stenosis

Intracranial Aneurysm With Extracranial Carotid Stenosis

Cerebral Vasculitis

Lacunar Infarcts

References

Chapter 97 Vertebral Artery Dissection and Other Conditions

Abstract

Pathogenesis and Anatomy

Disease Distribution

Patient Selection for Vertebral Artery Reconstruction

Vertebral Artery Reconstructive Procedures

Operative Results

Endovascular Therapy

Conclusion

References

Chapter 98 Brachiocephalic Artery Disease and Its Surgical Treatment

Abstract

Introduction

Anatomic Variants

Indications for Intervention in Occlusive Disease

Other Indications for Intervention

Diagnostic Evaluation

Revascularization

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 99 Brachiocephalic Artery Disease and Its Endovascular Management

Procedure Planning

Imaging Studies

Options for Endovascular Therapy

Perioperative Medical Management

Results

References

Volume 2

Section 14 Acute Limb Ischemia

Chapter 100 Acute Limb Ischemia

Etiology and Pathology

Clinical Presentation

Clinical Assessment

Classification of Acute Limb Ischemia

Diagnosis

Investigation

Initial Management

Treatment

Prognosis

Upper Limb Ischemia

References

Chapter 101 Acute Ischemia

Abstract

Initial Management

Treatment Selection

Endovascular Treatment

Surgical Revascularization

Special Considerations

Upper Limb Ischemia

References

Chapter 102 Compartment Syndrome and Its Management

Abstract

Introduction

Pathogenesis of Compartment Syndrome

Clinical Etiologies

Clinical Presentation

Adjunctive Measures

Fasciotomy

Technique of Fasciotomy

Fasciotomy Wound Management

Outcomes

Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome

References

Chapter 103 Atheromatous Embolization and Its Management

Incidence

Pathogenesis

Risk Factors

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

Summary

References

Section 15 Lower Extremity Chronic Arterial Disease

Chapter 104 Lower Extremity Arterial Occlusive Disease

Abstract

Epidemiology of Peripheral Arterial Disease

Anatomic Distribution of Disease and Clinical Correlations

Clinical Syndromes of Peripheral Arterial Disease, Staging and Natural History

References

Chapter 105 Lower Extremity Arterial Disease

Abstract

Medical Management

Decision Making for Revascularization

Treatment Guidelines According to Presentation

Risk Prediction Models

Angiogenesis for Peripheral Arterial Disease

References

Chapter 106 Aortoiliac Disease

Abstract

Pathology and Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Indications for Surgical Intervention

Surgical Treatment

Results

Isolated Profundaplasty

References

Chapter 107 Aortoiliac Disease

Femorofemoral Bypass

Axillofemoral Bypass

Obturator Bypass

Summary

References

Chapter 108 Aortoiliac Disease

Abstract

Background

Indications

Contraindications

Relevant Anatomy: Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus Classification

Patient Evaluation and Operative Planning

Technique

Results

Complications

Postoperative Management

References

Chapter 109 Infrainguinal Disease

Abstract

Indications

Preoperative Assessment

Preoperative Imaging

Operative Planning

Operative Exposures

Choice of Conduit

Bypass Technique

Intraoperative Completion Studies

Results

Postoperative Management

Complications

Graft Surveillance

Treatment of Graft and Anastomotic Stenoses

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 110 Infrainguinal Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Intermittent Claudication

Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia

Factors Affecting Outcomes

Inflow Considerations

Outflow Considerations

Conclusions

References

Chapter 111 Lower Extremity Amputations

Abstract

Epidemiology

Indications for Amputation

Primary Amputation Versus Revascularization

Perioperative Evaluation

Amputation Level Selection

Rehabilitation Considerations

Functional Outcome

References

Chapter 112 Lower Extremity Amputations

Abstract

General Principles

Amputation Types

Midfoot and Hindfoot Amputations

Transtibial (Below-Knee) Amputation

Through-Knee Amputation

Transfemoral (Above-Knee) Amputation

Hip Disarticulation

Principles of Postoperative Care

Long-Term Survival

Functional Outcome

Reamputation

Complications

References

Section 16 Diabetic Foot and Its Management

Chapter 113 General Considerations of Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Abstract

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Presentation and Diagnosis

Management

Soft Tissue Surgery for the Diabetic Foot

Amputation

Peripheral Arterial Disease and the Diabetic Foot

Surgical Bypass in the Diabetic Patient

Multidisciplinary Limb Preservation Programs

References

Chapter 114 Diabetic Foot Abnormalities and Their Management

Abstract

Introduction

Peripheral Neuropathy

Biomechanics

Ischemia

Infection

The Diabetic Foot Ulcer

Charcot Neuroarthropathy

Other Important Considerations

Conclusions

References

Chapter 115 Wound Care

Abstract

Normal Wound Healing

Mechanisms of Abnormal Wound Healing in Chronic Wounds

Etiology of Ulceration

Clinical Presentation and Initial Evaluation

Properties and Categories of Wound Dressings

Venous Leg Ulcers

Diabetic Foot Ulcers

Ulcers Associated With Arterial Insufficiency

Specialized Techniques

References

Chapter 116 Podiatric Care

Abstract

The Specialty of Podiatry

Diabetes-Related Amputations

Summary

References

Section 17 Upper Extremity Arterial Disease

Chapter 117 Upper Extremity Arterial Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Epidemiology

Etiology and Pathogenesis

Summary

References

Chapter 118 Upper Extremity Arterial Disease

Abstract

Clinical Findings

Treatment

Surgical Treatment

Alternative Therapy

Trauma

References

Chapter 119 Upper Extremity Arterial Disease

Epidemiology

General Operative Considerations

Specific Amputations

Postoperative Management and Complications

Long-Term Outcomes

References

Section 18 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Chapter 120 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Introduction

Relevant Anatomy

Venous Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Arterial Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

References

Chapter 121 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Anatomy

Etiology

Clinical Findings

Conservative Management

Surgical Treatment

Surgical Complications

Results of Surgery

References

Chapter 122 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Pathophysiology

Epidemiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Chapter 123 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Abstract

Epidemiology and Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment

References

Chapter 124 Thoracic Outlet Syndrome

Indications

Preoperative Planning

Surgical Techniques

Postoperative Care and Rehabilitation

Pitfalls and Complications

References

Section 19 Renovascular Disease

Chapter 125 Renovascular Disease

Historical Perspective

Pathogenesis of Renovascular Disease

Epidemiology

Clinical Presentation

Treatment of Renovascular Hypertension

References

Chapter 126 Renovascular Disease

Indications for Surgical Repair

Management Options

Direct Surgical Techniques

Indirect Surgical Techniques

Intraoperative Assessment

Results of Open Operative Management

References

Chapter 127 Renovascular Disease

Indications and Contraindications

Results

Description of Technique

Complications

References

Chapter 128 Renovascular Disease

Abstract

Renal Artery Aneurysms

Renal Arteriovenous Malformations and Fistulae

References

Chapter 129 Renovascular Disease

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Renal Artery Embolism

Renal Artery Thrombosis

Renovascular Trauma

Renal Vein Thrombosis

References

Chapter 130 Renovascular and Aortic Developmental Disorders

Abstract

Developmental Abdominal Aortic Coarctation and Hypoplasia

Developmental Renal and Splanchnic Arterial Stenoses

Clinical Manifestations

Diagnostic Evaluation

Medical Management

Surgical Treatment

Endovascular Treatment

References

Section 20 Mesenteric Vascular Disease

Chapter 131 Mesenteric Arterial Disease

Abstract

Anatomy of the Visceral Arteries

Physiology of Splanchnic Blood Flow

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment of Acute and Chronic Mesenteric Ischemia

Treatment of Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia

Treatment of Mesenteric Venous Thrombosis

References

Chapter 132 Chronic Mesenteric Arterial Disease

Background

Pathophysiology

Etiology

Natural History

Diagnostic Evaluation

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Imaging

Treatment Strategies

Preprocedure Evaluation

Endovascular Revascularization

Open Revascularization

Results

References

Chapter 133 Acute Mesenteric Arterial Disease

Abstract

Incidence and Risk Factors

Pathophysiologic Classification

Final Common Pathway of Bowel Ischemia

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment

Other Considerations

References

Chapter 134 Mesenteric Arterial Dissection

Abstract

Incidence

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Classification System

Treatment

Other Considerations

Surveillance

Remodeling

Summary

References

Chapter 135 Median Arcuate Ligament Syndrome

Introduction

Diagnosis

Radiologic Studies

Management

Conclusion

References

Chapter 136 Mesenteric Vascular Disease

Abstract

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Natural History

Pathology and Manifestations

Diagnosis

Treatment and Results

References

Section 21 Nonatherosclerotic Arterial Diseases

Chapter 137 Vasculitis and Other Uncommon Arteriopathies

Vasculitis Presentation

Large-Vessel Vasculitis

Medium-Sized Vessel Vasculitis

Small-Vessel Vasculitis

Vasculitis Secondary to Connective Tissue Diseases

Vasculitis Mimics

References

Chapter 138 Thromboangiitis Obliterans (Buerger Disease)

Abstract

Introduction

Epidemiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 139 Takayasu Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Classification

Medical Treatment

Refractory Therapy

Indications for and Results of Revascularization Procedures

Special Considerations

Prognosis

References

Chapter 140 Aneurysms Caused by Connective Tissue Abnormalities

Abstract

Marfan Syndrome

Vascular-Type Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

Loeys-Dietz Syndrome

Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection

References

Chapter 141 Raynaud Phenomenon

Epidemiology

Normal Arterial Flow to the Hand

Regulation of Blood Flow in the Digits

Pathogenesis

Clinical Findings

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Chapter 142 Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Abstract

Introduction

Pathogenesis of Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Renal Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Natural History

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment Selection

Medical Treatment

Endovascular Treatment in Adults

Surgical Management

Fibromuscular Dysplasia and Aneurysm

Pediatric Renal Artery Stenosis and Arterial Dysplasia

Extracranial Cerebrovascular Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Fibromuscular Dysplasia in Other Arterial Beds

References

Chapter 143 Nonatheromatous Popliteal Artery Disease

Introduction

Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome

Adventitial Cystic Disease

References

Chapter 144 Infected Arterial Aneurysms

History and Epidemiology

Pathogenesis and Etiology

Microorganisms

Diagnosis

Management

Aorta

Femoral Artery

Popliteal Artery

Carotid Artery

Upper Extremity Arteries

Visceral Arteries

References

Section 22 Acute Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Chapter 145 Acute Deep Venous Thrombosis

Abstract

Epidemiology

Natural History

References

Chapter 146 Venous Thromboembolic Disease

Abstract

Rationale for Risk Stratification and Prophylaxis

Methods of Prophylaxis

Specific Surgical Groups

Evidence-Based Guidelines Versus Real Clinical Practice

Summary of Recommendations for Venous Thromboembolism Prophylaxis in Surgical Patients

References

Chapter 147 Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Clinical Assessment

Diagnostic Tests

Diagnostic Strategies

Medical Treatment of Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

References

Chapter 148 Acute Lower Extremity Deep Venous Thrombosis

Abstract

Postthrombotic Syndrome

Rationale for Thrombus Removal

Randomized Trials of Catheter-Directed Thrombolysis

Strategies for Thrombus Removal

Choosing the Appropriate Treatment Option

Published Guidelines

References

Chapter 149 Acute Upper Extremity and Catheter-Related Venous Thrombosis

Abstract

Introduction

Clinical Findings

Diagnostic Strategies

Risk Factors and Prevention

Treatment

Conclusion

References

Chapter 150 Superficial Thrombophlebitis and Its Management

Epidemiology and Pathogenesis

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Chapter 151 Pulmonary Embolism

Abstract

Introduction

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Risk Stratification

Treatment

Prognosis

References

Chapter 152 Vena Cava Interruption

Abstract

Filter Design

Clinical Indications

Inferior Vena Cava Filters

Superior Vena Cava Filters

References

Chapter 153 Compartment Syndrome and Venous Gangrene

Introduction

Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens

Venous Gangrene

Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia

Cancer-Associated Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation With Venous Limb Gangrene

Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

Symmetric Peripheral Gangrene (Purpura Fulminans)

Fasciotomy for Venous Disease

Fasciotomy for Acute Venous Thrombosis (Phlegmasia Cerulea Dolens)

References

Section 23 Chronic Venous Disorders

Chapter 154 Varicose Veins

Abstract

Decision Making

Surgical Techniques

Results

Multimodality and Individualized Care

Patient Management and Reimbursement Considerations

References

Chapter 155 Varicose Veins

Abstract

Background

Relevant Anatomy

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment Selection

References

Chapter 156 Chronic Venous Disorders

Abstract

Introduction

Postphlebitic (Thrombotic) Syndrome: Etiology and Epidemiology

Postphlebitic (Thrombotic) Syndrome: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms

Postphlebitic (Thrombotic) Syndrome: Natural History and Pathophysiology

Postphlebitic (Thrombotic) Syndrome: Clinical Summary Points of Natural History, Epidemiology, and Pathophysiology

References

Chapter 157 Chronic Venous Disorders

Abstract

Treatment of Chronic Venous Disorders

Conclusion

References

Chapter 158 Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Abstract

Pathophysiology

Anatomy

Diagnostic Evaluation

Indications for Interruption

Operative Planning Options

Open Surgery

Percutaneous Ablation of Perforating Veins

References

Chapter 159 Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Pathogenesis

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment Selection

Surgical Treatment

Venous Valve Substitutes (Neovalve)

References

Chapter 160 Iliocaval Venous Obstruction

Abstract

Surgical Treatment of Iliocaval Venous Obstruction

Etiology

Preoperative Evaluation

Indications for Surgical Treatment

Grafts in the Venous System

Surgical Procedures

Summary

Pelvic Congestion Syndrome

Incidence

Anatomy of the Pelvic Venous System

Pathophysiology

Clinical Findings

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Chapter 161 Iliocaval Venous Obstruction

Abstract

Introduction

Pathology

Indications and Patient Selection for Iliocaval Venous Stenting

Diagnosis

Treatment

Outcomes

References

Section 24 Miscellaneous Venous Conditions

Chapter 162 Superior Vena Cava Occlusion and Management

Abstract

Etiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Initial Treatments

Indications for Interventional Treatment

Endovenous Treatment

Surgical Treatment

Results

Conclusions

References

Chapter 163 Congenital Occlusion/Absence of Inferior Vena Cava

Abstract

Association With Deep Venous Thrombosis

Embryogenesis

Presentation

Management

Summary

References

Chapter 164 Portal Hypertension

Abstract

Introduction

Pathophysiology

Classification

Clinical Presentation

Complications of Portal Hypertension

Diagnosis

Nonsurgical Treatment of Portal Hypertension and Its Complications

Surgical Treatment of Portal Hypertension

References

Chapter 165 Nutcracker Syndrome

Abstract

Introduction

Background

Diagnosis

Management

Summary

References

Chapter 166 Venous Aneurysms and Their Management

Abstract

Introduction

Lower Extremity Venous Aneurysms

Abdominal Venous Aneurysms

Upper Extremity and Internal Jugular Venous Aneurysms

Conclusion

References

Chapter 167 Venous Reconstruction in Nonvascular Surgical Oncologic Procedures

Abstract

Introduction and Definitions

Portal and Superior Mesenteric Vein Reconstruction

Inferior Vena Cava Reconstruction

Summary and Conclusions

References

Section 25 Lymphedema

Chapter 168 Lymphedema

Pathophysiology

Classification and Staging

Clinical Presentation History

Diagnosis

Decision Making

Prospects for Molecular Therapy

References

Chapter 169 Lymphedema

Abstract

Introduction

Preventive Medicine

Mechanical Reduction of Limb Swelling

Other Treatment

Supporting Evidence

Complications

Insurance Role

Ideal Outpatient Lymphedema Clinic

Helpful Resources

References

Chapter 170 Lymphedema

Basis of Surgical Treatment

Historical Perspective

Preoperative Planning

Surgery

Primary Chylous Disorders

References

Section 26 Vascular Malformations

Chapter 171 Congenital Vascular Malformations

Abstract

Definitions

Nomenclature and Classification

Incidence

Etiology

Embryology

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Treatment

Specific Vascular Malformations and Conditions

Long-Term Follow-Up Assessment

References

Chapter 172 Congenital Vascular Malformations

Abstract

Introduction

Surgical Treatment of Low-Flow Malformations

Surgical Treatment of High-Flow Malformations

Surgical Treatment of Combined Vascular Malformations

References

Chapter 173 Congenital Vascular Malformations

Abstract:

Introduction

Diagnosis of Vascular Malformations

Treatment of Low-Flow Vascular Malformations

Treatment of High-Flow Vascular Malformations

Syndromes Associated With Vascular Malformations

Conclusion

References

Chapter 174 Acquired Arteriovenous Fistulas

Etiology and Incidence

Pathophysiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Principles of Management

Treatment Outcomes

References

Section 27 Hemodialysis Access

Chapter 175 Hemodialysis Access

Abstract

Initiatives and Guidelines

Timing of Referral

Preoperative Evaluation

Selection of Access Location

Technique for Permanent Access

Postoperative Follow-Up

Long-Term Follow-Up

Results

References

Chapter 176 Hemodialysis Access

Abstract

General Principles

Autogenous Arteriovenous Access

Prosthetic Arteriovenous Access

Cryopreserved Vein Allografts

Unconventional Vascular Access Procedures

Pediatric Vascular Access

References

Chapter 177 Hemodialysis Access

Abstract

Indications

Types of Catheters

Preoperative Evaluation

Catheter Insertion

Perioperative Care and Complications

Long-Term Care and Complications

References

Chapter 178 Hemodialysis Access

Measuring Access Function

Causes of Access Failure

Interventions for Failing Access

Interventions for Thrombosed Access

Treatment Outcome

References

Chapter 179 Hemodialysis Access

Abstract

Bleeding

Infection

Pseudoaneurysm and Aneurysm

Seroma

Venous Hypertension

Neuropathy

Cardiopulmonary Complications

References

Section 28 Vascular Trauma

Chapter 180 Epidemiology and Natural History of Vascular Trauma

Introduction

Epidemiology and Natural History of Specific Vascular Injuries

Summary

References

Chapter 181 Vascular Trauma

Abstract

Carotid Arteries

Vertebral Arteries

Subclavian Artery

Cervical Venous Injuries

References

Chapter 182 Thoracic Vascular Trauma

Abstract

Introduction

Imaging

Management of Specific Thoracic Vascular Injuries

Conclusion

References

Chapter 183 Vascular Trauma

Abstract

Surgical Anatomy

Epidemiology

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Treatment

Specific Vascular Injuries

Advances in the Management of Abdominal Vascular Injuries

References

Chapter 184 Vascular Trauma

Abstract

Epidemiology and Pattern of Injury

Diagnosis and Workup

Treatment Principles

Specific Arterial Injuries

Other Considerations

References

Chapter 185 Conditions Arising From Repetitive Trauma and Occupational Vascular Problems

Abstract

Manual Labor Injuries

Exposure Injuries

Athletic Injuries

References

Section 29 Special Issues in Pediatric Vascular Surgery

Chapter 186 Special Techniques in Pediatric Vascular Surgery

Introduction

Historical Background

Basic Principles

Basic Vascular Techniques

References

Chapter 187 Aortic and Arterial Aneurysms in the Pediatric Population

Abstract

Aortic Aneurysms

Nonaortic Arterial Aneurysms

Summary

References

Chapter 188 Pediatric Vascular Tumors

Abstract

Introduction

Clinical Features

Diagnosis

Management

Secondary Tumors

References

Chapter 189 Vascular Trauma in the Pediatric Population

Introduction

Epidemiology

Anatomic and Physiologic Considerations

Diagnostic Evaluation

Management of Pediatric Vascular Injuries

Role of Endovascular Techniques in Pediatric Patients

Postoperative Management and Outcomes

Conclusions and Future Directions

References

Chapter 190 Placement of AV Dialysis Accesses and Central Catheters in the Pediatric Patient

Background

Incidence

Etiology

Morbidity and Mortality

Patient Selection

Treatment With Hemodialysis

Central Venous Catheters General Considerations

Central Venous Catheters Technical Considerations

AV Access General Considerations

AV Access Technical Considerations

Conclusion

References

Section 30 Miscellaneous Conditions

Chapter 191 Erectile Dysfunction

Abstract

Definition

Epidemiology

Physiology of Penile Erection

Pathophysiology of Erectile Dysfunction

Assessment of Erectile Dysfunction

Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction

Future Therapeutic Strategies

Erectile Dysfunction in Men Undergoing Vascular Surgery

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 192 Complex Regional Pain Syndrome

Abstract

Epidemiology/Etiology

Classification and Terminology

Pathogenesis

Clinical Presentation

Diagnostic Evaluation

Nonsurgical Treatment

Sympathectomy

Overall Results of Treatment

References

Chapter 193 Current Role of Sympathectomy (Upper and Lower)

Abstract

Anatomy

Physiology

Indications for Cervicothoracic Sympathectomy

Indications for Lumbar Sympathectomy

Surgical Techniques

Target Ganglia

Results

Complications of Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Sympathectomy

Causes of Failure

Reversal of Sympathectomy

References

Chapter 194 Vascular Tumors and Their Management

Abstract

Introduction

Tumor Types

Clinical Presentation and Evaluation

Treatment

Replacement of the Inferior Vena Cava

Outcomes

References

Chapter 195 Vascular Reconstruction in Oncologic Surgery

Abstract

Pancreatic Malignancies

Hepatic and Biliary Malignancies

Soft Tissue Sarcoma

References

Chapter 196 Chronic Exertional Compartment Syndrome

Abstract

History

Etiology

Epidemiology

Differential Diagnosis

Anatomy

Clinical Presentation and Diagnosis

Management

Postoperative Management and Complications

Outcomes

References

Section 31 The Business of Vascular Surgery

Chapter 197 Development and Operation of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers

Abstract

Introduction

Early Examples of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers

Forces Shaping the Evolution of Contemporary Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers

Development of a Multispecialty Cardiovascular Center

The Current State of Multispecialty Cardiovascular Centers

Future Directions

Conclusion

References

Chapter 198 Development and Successful Operation of an Outpatient Vascular Center

Abstract

Introduction

Regulations

Components for Success

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 199 Essentials and Value of a Vascular Registry to the Practice

Abstract

Introduction

What Is the Definition of a Medical Registry?

Why Do Registries Exist?

What Determines the Value of a Registry?

Where Do Registries Fit as Medical Evidence?

Role of Medical Registries in Quality Improvement

Public Reporting of Registry Data

The Future of Medical Registries

References

Chapter 200 Marketing a Vascular Surgery Practice

Abstract

Discovery

Strategy and Solutions

Internal Marketing

External Marketing

Implementation

Review

Summary

Selected Key References

Index

 

An aparitie	2018
Autor	Anton N Sidawy, Bruce A Perler
Dimensiuni	24.1 x 12.1 x 29.2 cm
Editura	Elsevier
Format	Hardback
ISBN	9780323427913
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	2832