Advances in Surgery, An Issue of Critical Care Clinics, 1e: Volume 33-2

Description:

Guest editor Lena Napolitano has assembled and expert team of authors on the topic of Surgery in the ICU. Articles will focus on: Oxygen Support and Mechanical Ventilation Advances; Ventilator-associated Pneumonia – New Definitions;Optimal Strategies for Severe ARDS; Persistent Inflammation/Immunosuppression Syndrome; ABCDE Bundle in Critical Care;Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury: Consensus?; Transfusion Advances in Critical Care; Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock: ProCESS; ARISE: PROMISE – What is Optimal Resuscitation?; Nutritional Support in Critical Care: What is the Evidence?; Acute Kidney Injury and Outcomes; and Tracheostomy Update: When and How?

Table of Contents:

The ABCDEF Bundle in Critical Care

Key points

Assess, prevent, and manage pain

Both spontaneous awakening trials and spontaneous breathing trials

Choice of analgesia and sedation

Delirium—assess, prevent, and manage

Early mobility

Family engagement

Summary

Persistent Inflammation, Immunosuppression and Catabolism Syndrome

Key points

Introduction

Evolving epidemiology of multiple organ failure and emergence of persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome

The new paradigm of persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome

Pathophysiology of persistent inflammation, immunosuppression, and catabolism syndrome

Clinical implications

Summary

Optimal Strategies for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Key points

Introduction

Epidemiology of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome

Ventilator management

Advances in nonventilator management

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

Summary

Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: New Definitions

Key points

Introduction

New definition

Old versus new

What’s the point?

Summary of studies evaluating the practicality of the ventilator-associated events criteria

New definition, new focus

Future directions

Summary

Oxygen Therapeutics and Mechanical Ventilation Advances

Key points

Introduction

Outcomes of mechanical ventilation

Invasive mechanical ventilation advances

Summary

Tracheostomy Update: When and How

Key points

Introduction

Tracheostomy indications and rationale

Tracheostomy timing

Tracheostomy technique

Evidence-based approach to tracheostomy practice

Tracheostomy standardized protocols

Summary

Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Trials (ProCESS, ARISE, ProMISe): What is Optimal Resuscitation?

Key points

Introduction

Patient evaluation overview

Treatment options

Evaluation of outcome

Patient identification: what definition should be used?

Clinical

Revised sepsis bundle

Long-term recommendations

Summary

Anemia and Red Blood Cell Transfusion: Advances in Critical Care

Key points

Introduction

Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury: Controversies and Consensus

Key points

Introduction

Patient evaluation overview

Treatment options

Treatment complications

Evaluation of outcome and long-term recommendations

Summary

Perioperative Acute Kidney Injury: Risk Factors and Predictive Strategies

Key points

Introduction

Definitions and epidemiology

Outcomes

Risk factors

Predictive strategies

Clinical risk scores

Imaging techniques

Renal resistive index

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound

MRI

Use of urine and plasma biomarkers

A pragmatic approach

Preoperative pathway

Postoperative pathway

Summary

Critical Care Nutrition: Where’s the Evidence?

Key points

Introduction

The metabolic response to critical illness and the nutrition support

Enteral feeding as nutrition therapy

Enteral nutrition timing

Enteral nutrition dose

Nutritional risk

The role and timing of parenteral nutrition

Immunonutrition in critical illness

Summary and future insights

Index