Temporomandibular Disorders

 

Description:

A valuable resource on how to diagnose and treat temporomandibular disorders (TMD)

The newly and thoroughly revised 2nd Edition of Temporomandibular Disorders: A Problem-Based Approach delivers a systematic and logical approach to diagnosing and treating temporomandibular disorders.

Using a case-based approach to assist readers with understanding and retention, the book discusses the practical realities of managing patients and promoting effective treatment of temporomandibular disorders. Containing full colour clinical images and diagrams throughout, the chapters include practical guides on how to make splints and samples of patient information sheets which can be used as templates. Readers will get access to topics such as:

The clinical aspects of anatomy, function, pathology, and classification

Differential diagnosis of temporomandibular joint problems

Clicking joint problems and the use of preliminary investigation in disc displacement

Temporomandibular joint locking diagnosis and treatment, including final treatment plans

Facial pain examinations, differential diagnosis, and questions to ask patients regarding pain in general

Headaches, worn teeth, dislocated jaws, and more issues that arise in the treatment of temporomandibular joint problems

Perfect for undergraduate dental students and general dental practitioners, the new edition of Temporomandibular Disorders is also useful to postgraduate dental students, academics, and researchers.

 

 

Table of Contents:

 

1: About the Book

About temporomandibular disorders: what is a ‘TMD’?

About the book

Chapter 2: Clinical aspects of anatomy, function, pathology, and classification

Chapter 3: Articulatory system examination

Chapter 4: I've got ‘TMJ’

Chapter 5: I've got a clicking joint

Chapter 6: I've got a locking joint

Chapter 7: I've got a grating joint

Chapter 8: You've changed my bite

Chapter 9: I've got pain in my face

Chapter 10: I've got a dislocated jaw

Chapter 11: My teeth are worn

Chapter 12: I've got a headache

Chapter 13: I've got whiplash

Chapter 14: What's of use to me in practice?

Chapter 15: You and the lawyer

Chapter 16: The referral letter

Chapter 17: How to make a splint

Chapter 18: Bruxism: Current knowledge of aetiology and management

Chapter 19: Splint therapy for the management of TMD patients: An evidence‐based approach

Chapter 20: Patient information

Appendix I: Flowcharts

Appendix II: Glossary of terms

Appendix III: Short answer questions

2 Clinical Aspects of Anatomy, Function, Pathology, and Classification

The joint anatomy, histology, structure, capsule, synovial membrane, and fluid, ligaments

Histology

The joint capsule

Synovial membrane

Ligaments

The temporomandibular ligament

The stylomandibular ligament

The sphenomandibular ligament

The intra‐articular disc (meniscus)

The bones of the temporomandibular joint

The mandibular condyle

The temporal bone

Innervation of the TMJ

Vascular supply to the TMJ

Mandibular (jaw/masticatory) muscles

Masseter muscle

Function

Parafunction

Examination

The temporalis muscle

Function

Parafunction

Examination

The lateral pterygoid muscle

Function

Parafunction

Examination

Medial pterygoid muscle

Function

Parafunction

Examination

Cervical muscles

Function

Parafunction

Examination

Sternocleidomastoid muscle

Classification and Pathology

Rare conditions

Condylar hyperplasia

Neoplasms

Uncommon conditions

Common conditions

Disc displacement

Myofascial pain

Diagnoses of TMDs

GROUP I: Muscle disorders

GROUP II: DDs

GROUP III: Other common joint disorders

Further Reading

3 Articulatory System Examination

1 Examination of the temporomandibular joints

Range of movement

Pathway of jaw opening

Maxillary and mandibular midlines

TMJ tenderness

Lateral palpation

Intra‐auricular palpation

Examination by manipulation of the mandible

Mandibular (masticatory) muscle tenderness

Masseter muscle

Temporalis muscle

Lateral pterygoid muscle

Joint sounds

Clicking

Crepitus

Signs of bruxism

Occlusal examination

Centric occlusion and centric jaw relation

Anterior guidance

Posterior interferences

Freedom in centric occlusion

Record‐keeping

Further Reading

4 I've Got ‘TMJ’!

History

Medical history

Examination

Range of movement

Joint sounds

Signs of bruxism

Temporomandibular joint tenderness

Mandibular muscle tenderness

Occlusion

Intraoral examination

Special tests

Differential diagnosis

Final diagnosis for Mrs Davies

Management

Explanation and reassurance

Physiotherapy

Soft laser

Acupuncture

Drug therapy

Splint therapy

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

5 I've Got a Clicking Joint

History

Examination

Radiographs

Other special tests

Why do TMJs click?

When do TMJs click?

Why does the mouth deviate when opening?

What preliminary investigations may you use?

Radiographs

MRI, arthography

What is the most likely diagnosis for Mrs Smith?

Is disc displacement painful?

How should disc displacement with reduction be managed? Does it always need treatment?

Treatment

Explanation and reassurance

Physiotherapy

Drug therapy

Anterior repositioning splint

The patient journey

History and examination

Special tests

Diagnosis

Treatment

Advice and reassurance

Splint treatment

Result

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

6 I've Got a Locking Joint

History

Examination 1

Radiographs/Imaging

Diagnosis

Treatment

TMJ locking

How important is measuring the range of movement?

Conclusion

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

7 I've Got a Grating Joint

Examination

Radiographic examination

Diagnosis

Treatment

Explanation and reassurance

Physiotherapy

Medication

Reduction of contributory predisposing factors

Final treatment plan

What is crepitation?

Is osteoarthrosis always associated with pain and crepitus?

Radiographic changes

Treatment of pathological sequelae

Invasive treatment

Arthrocentesis

Intra‐articular injection of a steroid

Hyaluronate

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

8 You've Changed My Bite

History

Examination

Special tests

Treatment

Discussion

How can this conformative approach be adopted practically?

Conclusion

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

9 I've Got Pain in My Face

History

Examination

Radiographic examination

Differential diagnosis

Neuralgic pain

Treatment

Questions to ask patients regarding pain in general

Site

Character

Severity

Duration and frequency

Onset and time

Further Reading

10 I've Got a Dislocated Jaw

Examination

Radiographs

Other special tests

Likely diagnoses

Management

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

11 My Teeth Are Worn

History

Examination

Radiographic examination (Bitewings)

Diagnosis

Treatment

Important considerations in tooth surface loss

Abrasion

Attrition

Parafunction

Management of attrition

Clinical photographs

Dated reference casts (study models)

Silicone index

Determine the cause

Prevent and treat the sensitivity

Treatment options

Categories of tooth surface loss

Category 1

Category 2

Category 3

Further reading

12 I've Got a Headache

Examination

Radiographs

Articulatory system exam

Which muscles are tender?

Why do joints click?

Likely diagnosis

Headache

Management

Patient journey

Further Reading

13 I've Got Whiplash

Examination

Radiographic examination

Record‐keeping

Are TMD and whiplash related?

Trauma

Physiological

Psychological

Cultural

Likely diagnosis

Management

Drug therapy

Physiotherapy

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

14 What's of Use to Me in Practice?

Counselling and reassurance

Drug therapy

Physiotherapy

Splint therapy

Mouth prop

Occlusal adjustments

Does orthodontic treatment cause TMD?

Restorative treatment, the dentist, and TMD

The use of a facebow and semi‐adjustable articulators

Radiographs

Further referral

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

15 You and the Lawyer

Case scenario 1: note and record‐keeping

Case scenario 2: a medical report request

Do you get enough information? Have you got the necessary experience?

What will you receive?

You will receive a quantity of notes

Doctor's records

Dentist's records

Walk‐in centre records

Royal Infirmary records

Dental hospital records

Your report

Case scenario 3: a disgruntled patient

Particulars of claim

Particulars of negligence

Particulars of injury

Further Reading

16 The Referral Letter

Details

History

Medical and social history

Request

Further Reading

17 How to Make a Splint

How do you make a stabilisation splint?

Facebow registration

Armamentarium (Figure 17.2)

Reference plane locator

Locating and marking a reference point on the patient's face

Taking the facebow registration (assembling the earbow on the patient)

Centric relation record

Fitting a stabilisation splint

How do you make an anterior repositioning splint?

Bite registration

Fitting the ARPS

Further reading

18 Bruxism: Current Knowledge of Aetiology and Management

Aetiology of bruxism

Definition of bruxism

Bruxism and TMD

Why bruxism (parafunction) is potentially damaging?

How much evidence about the efficacy of botulinum toxins on bruxism?

How can bruxism be managed?

Further reading

Evidence‐based dentistry

19 Splint Therapy for the Management of TMD Patients: An Evidence‐Based Discussion

Stabilisation splint (SS)

Are occlusal splints effective for treating sleep bruxism?

Anterior repositioning splint (ARPS)

Do occlusal contacts change following splint therapy?

Mandibular advancement/snoring appliances

Further Reading

Evidence‐based Dentistry

20 Patient Information

Stabilisation splint

Anterior repositioning splint

Use and care of occlusal bite splint

General advice for patients with a TMD

Exercise programme for patients with TMD

Vertical movement

Lateral movement

Protrusive movement

Appendix I Flowcharts

Appendix II Glossary of Terms

Further Reading

Appendix III Short Answer Questions

Index

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An aparitie	3 Jun. 2021
Autor	Ziad Al–Ani, Robin J. M. Gray
Dimensiuni	17.78 x 1.83 x 25.4 cm
Editura	Wiley
Format	Paperback
ISBN	9781119618744
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	304