Smith and Aitkenhead’s Textbook of Anaesthesia, 7e: Expert Consult - Online & Print

 

Description:

This highly successful textbook is internationally renowned as a core text for trainee anaesthetists and is essential reading for candidates for the Fellowship of Royal College of Anaesthetists and similar examinations. The previous 6^th edition was awarded First Prize at the BMJ Medical Book awards.

The book provides full coverage of the sciences underpinning practice in anaesthesia, critical care and pain management together with details of clinical anaesthesia and perioperative care. In combining these aspects, anaesthetists new to the specialty have found the textbook particularly useful during the first few years of training as well as when preparing for professional examinations. It has also proved a valuable day-to-day reference for allied professionals such as operating department practitioners and physician assistants who need an understanding of clinical practice in anaesthesia and related specialties.

The goal for this Seventh Edition has remained to equip the reader with the basic knowledge and practical considerations required to administer anaesthesia and perioperative care for a whole range of surgical conditions in patients with all common medical comorbidities. Reflecting the expanding role of anaesthesia beyond the operating theatre it also includes essential material related to safety and quality assurance, consent, resuscitation, intensive care medicine, pre-hospital care and chronic pain management.

• This book’s scope includes the full range of clinical practice, from anaesthetic equipment and pre-operative assessment through to post-operative care, local anaesthesia, anaesthesia for individual specialties and the management of chronic pain.
• The text covers the principles of pharmacology, anaesthetic agents and physics for the anaesthetist.

• Thirty new contributors provide a new perspective or contribute new chapters to this edition
• This edition has been restructured into four sections: Basic Sciences; Physics and Apparatus; Fundamentals of Anaesthesia and Perioperative Medicine; and Clinical Anaesthesia.
• Four new chapters have been added, both to reflect the UK postgraduate anaesthetic examination syllabus and changes in clinical practice. There are: The older patient; Anaesthesia in low and middle-income areas; Management of critical incidents; and Data analysis, clinical trials and statistics.
• This edition makes extensive use of new line drawings and diagrams and, for the first time, many of these are available in colour.
• Chapters have been extensively cross-referenced to aid the reader and avoid repetition to include substantially more information without increasing the overall size of the book.

 

Table of Contents:

 

1.    Section 1 Basic sciences

2.    Chapter 1 General principles of pharmacology

3.    Basic principles

4.    How do drugs act?

5.    How does the body process drugs (pharmacokinetics)?

6.    Pharmacokinetic principles

7.    Pharmacological variability

8.    Pharmacogenetics

9.    Drug interactions and adverse drug effects

10.  Self-assessment questions and answers

11.  Answer 1

12.  Question 2

13.  Answer 2

14.  Question 3

15.  Answer 3

16.  Question 4

17.  Answer 4

18.  Chapter 2 Data, statistics and clinical trials

19.  Types of data

20.  Summarising data

21.  Sampling

22.  Probability

23.  Data distributions

24.  Bias

25.  Testing

26.  Predictive testing and scoring systems

27.  Types of error

28.  Bayesian statistics

29.  Clinical trials

30.  Specific aspects of trial conduct

31.  Evidence-based medicine

32.  Audit, research and service evaluation

33.  References/Further reading

34.  Self-assessment questions and answers

35.  Chapter 3 Inhalational anaesthetic agents and medical gases

36.  Kinetics of inhaled anaesthetic agents

37.  Mechanism of action

38.  Minimum alveolar concentration

39.  Pharmacokinetics of inhaled anaesthetic agents

40.  Individual anaesthetic agents

41.  Medical gases

42.  Self-assessment questions and answers

43.  Answer 1

44.  Question 2

45.  Answer 2

46.  Question 3

47.  Answer 3

48.  Chapter 4 Intravenous anaesthetic agents and sedatives

49.  Intravenous anaesthetic drugs

50.  Mechanism of action

51.  Pharmacokinetics

52.  Offset of hypnotic effect

53.  Precautions when using i.v. anaesthetics

54.  Pharmacology of individual intravenous anaesthetic drugs

55.  Maintenance of anaesthesia using i.v. agents

56.  Practical techniques for i.v. maintenance of anaesthesia

57.  Sedative and anxiolytic drugs

58.  Drugs used as sedatives

59.  Non-benzodiazepine hypnotics (Z-drugs)

60.  α2-Adrenoceptor agonists

61.  Opioids

62.  Antipsychotics

63.  Miscellaneous

64.  References/Further reading

65.  Self-assessment questions and answers

66.  Answer 1

67.  Question 2

68.  Answer 2

69.  Question 3

70.  Answer 3

71.  Question 4

72.  Answers 4

73.  Question 5

74.  Answers 5

75.  Chapter 5 Local anaesthetic agents

76.  Mechanism of action of local anaesthetics

77.  The voltage-activated Na+ channel

78.  Pain fibres

79.  Local anaesthetic structure

80.  Pharmacological properties of local anaesthetics

81.  Differential sensory and motor blockade

82.  Pharmacokinetics

83.  Clinical preparation of local anaesthetics

84.  Enantiomer pharmacology

85.  Pharmacology of individual local anaesthetics

86.  Local anaesthetic toxicity

87.  Management of severe local anaesthetic toxicity

88.  Self-assessment questions and answers

89.  Answer 1

90.  Question 2

91.  Answer 2

92.  Question 3

93.  Answer 3

94.  Question 4

95.  Answer 4

96.  Chapter 6 Physiology and pharmacology of pain

97.  Mechanisms of pain

98.  Pharmacology of analgesic drugs

99.  Opioids

100.               Mixed agonist–antagonist opioids

101.               Partial agonists

102.               Opioid antagonists

103.               New developments in opioid pharmacology

104.               Paracetamol

105.               Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

106.               COX-2–specific inhibitors

107.               Conclusion

108.               References/Further reading

109.               Self-assessment questions and answers

110.               Chapter 7 Postoperative nausea and vomiting

111.               Definitions

112.               Mechanisms of nausea and vomiting

113.               Adverse effects of PONV

114.               Identifying patients at risk

115.               Pharmacology

116.               Management

117.               References/Further reading

118.               Self-assessment questions and answers

119.               Chapter 8 Muscle function and neuromuscular blockade

120.               Physiology of neuromuscular transmission

121.               Pharmacology of neuromuscular transmission

122.               Depolarising neuromuscular blocking agents

123.               Reversal agents

124.               Neuromuscular monitoring

125.               References/Further reading

126.               Self-assessment questions and answers

127.               Chapter 9 Cardiovascular system

128.               Cardiovascular physiology

129.               Cardiovascular pharmacology

130.               References/Further reading

131.               Self-assessment questions and answers

132.               Chapter 10 Respiratory system

133.               Control of breathing

134.               Respiratory system mechanics

135.               Pulmonary circulation

136.               Regional ventilation and perfusion

137.               Oxygen and carbon dioxide transport

138.               Respiratory effects of general anaesthesia

139.               Positive pressure ventilation

140.               Respiratory physiology at high altitude

141.               Self-assessment questions and answers

142.               Chapter 11 Renal physiology

143.               Renal anatomy

144.               Glomerular anatomy, filtration and tubular feedback

145.               Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system and vasopressin

146.               Pharmacology of drugs acting on the kidney

147.               Assessment of renal function

148.               Acute kidney injury and contrast nephropathy

149.               Intrinsic renal injury

150.               References/Further reading

151.               Self-assessment questions and answers

152.               Chapter 12 Fluid, electrolyte and acid–base balance

153.               Physiology of electrolytes and water balance

154.               Basic definitions

155.               Compartmental distribution of total body water

156.               Solute composition of body fluid compartments

157.               Water homeostasis

158.               Practical fluid balance

159.               Sodium, potassium, chloride, phosphate and magnesium

160.               Acid–base balance

161.               Self-assessment questions and answers

162.               Answer 1

163.               Chapter 13 Metabolism, the stress response to surgery and perioperative thermoregulation

164.               Metabolism

165.               Carbohydrates

166.               Proteins

167.               Lipids

168.               Basic nutritional requirements

169.               Starvation

170.               The effects of chronic malnutrition on anaesthesia

171.               The stress response to surgery

172.               Thermoregulation and anaesthesia

173.               References/Further reading

174.               Self-assessment questions and answers

175.               Answer 1

176.               Question 2

177.               Answer 2

178.               Question 3

179.               Answer 3

180.               Question 4

181.               Answer 4

182.               Question 5

183.               Answer 5

184.               Chapter 14 Blood, coagulation and transfusion

185.               The physiology of blood

186.               Interventional procedures and regional anaesthesia in coagulopathic patients

187.               Thrombosis and acute ischaemic events

188.               Blood products and blood transfusion

189.               Major haemorrhage and massive transfusion protocols

190.               References/Further reading

191.               Self-assessment questions and answers

192.               Answer 1

193.               Question 2

194.               Answer 2

195.               Question 3

196.               Answer 3

197.               Question 4

198.               Answer 4

199.               Section 2 Physics and apparatus

200.               Chapter 15 Basic physics for the anaesthetist

201.               Basic definitions

202.               Basic mathematical functions

203.               Fluids

204.               Gas regulators

205.               The Venturi, the injector and Bernoulli

206.               Heat

207.               Vaporisation

208.               Humidity and humidification

209.               Solubility of gases

210.               Electricity

211.               Electrical safety

212.               Radiation

213.               Magnetic resonance imaging

214.               Ultrasound

215.               Lasers

216.               Optical fibres

217.               Fires and explosions

218.               References/Further reading

219.               Self-assessment questions and answers

220.               Chapter 16 Anaesthetic apparatus

221.               Gas supplies

222.               Cylinders

223.               The anaesthetic machine

224.               Safety features of modern anaesthetic machines

225.               Breathing systems

226.               Ventilators

227.               Scavenging

228.               Reservoir bags

229.               Protecting the breathing system in anaesthesia

230.               Infusion pumps

231.               Perioperative warming devices

232.               Decontamination of anaesthetic equipment

233.               References/Further reading

234.               Self-assessment questions and answers

235.               Chapter 17 Clinical measurement and monitoring

236.               Process of clinical measurement

237.               Biological electrical signals

238.               Biological mechanical signals

239.               The cardiovascular system

240.               The respiratory system

241.               Gas and vapour analysis

242.               Blood gas analysis

243.               The nervous system

244.               Temperature

245.               Blood loss and transfusion

246.               Monitoring standards

247.               Alarms

248.               General guidelines for monitoring during anaesthesia

249.               Anaesthetic recordkeeping

250.               References/Further reading

251.               Self-assessment questions and answers

252.               Answer 1

253.               Question 2

254.               Answer 2

255.               Question 3

256.               Answer 3

257.               Section 3 Fundamentals of anaesthesia & perioperative medicine

258.               Chapter 18 Quality and safety in anaesthesia

259.               Culture of quality and safety

260.               Measuring safety and quality

261.               Designing problems out of the system

262.               Infection prevention and control

263.               References/Further reading

264.               Self-assessment questions and answers

265.               Chapter 19 Preoperative assessment and premedication

266.               The process of preoperative assessment

267.               Risk assessment and optimisation

268.               Optimisation

269.               Preparation for elective surgery

270.               Premedication and other prophylactic measures

271.               Self-assessment questions and answers

272.               Answer 1

273.               Question 2

274.               Answer 2

275.               Question 3

276.               Answer 3

277.               Question 4

278.               Answer 4

279.               Question 5

280.               Answer 5

281.               Chapter 20 Intercurrent disease and anaesthesia

282.               Cardiovascular disease

283.               Respiratory disease

284.               Haematological disorders

285.               Gastrointestinal disease

286.               Liver disease

287.               Renal disease

288.               Diabetes mellitus

289.               Other endocrine disorders

290.               Neurological disease

291.               Psychiatric disease

292.               Connective tissue disorders

293.               Human immunodeficiency virus

294.               Myeloma

295.               Porphyria

296.               References/Further reading

297.               Self-assessment questions and answers

298.               Answer 1

299.               Question 2

300.               Answer 2

301.               Question 3

302.               Answer 3

303.               Question 4

304.               Answer 4

305.               Question 5

306.               Answer 5

307.               Chapter 21 Consent and information for patients

308.               Capacity

309.               Voluntariness

310.               Types of consent

311.               Information

312.               Methods and timing of information provision

313.               The Mental Capacity Act and incapacity

314.               Obstetrics

315.               Teaching and learning

316.               Summary

317.               References/Further reading

318.               Self-assessment questions and answers

319.               Chapter 22 The practical conduct of anaesthesia

320.               Preparation for anaesthesia

321.               Monitoring the patient during anaesthesia

322.               Induction of anaesthesia

323.               Maintenance of anaesthesia

324.               Patient positioning for surgery

325.               Emergence and recovery

326.               References/Further reading

327.               Self-assessment questions and answers

328.               Answer 1

329.               Question 2

330.               Answer 2

331.               Question 3

332.               Answer 3

333.               Chapter 23 Airway management

334.               Section 1

335.               Section 2

336.               Self-assessment questions and answers

337.               Chapter 24 Pain

338.               Acute pain

339.               Chronic pain

340.               References/Further reading

341.               Self-assessment questions and answers

342.               Chapter 25 Regional anaesthetic techniques

343.               Features of regional anaesthesia

344.               Complications of regional anaesthetic techniques

345.               Patient assessment and selection

346.               Selection of technique

347.               Regional block equipment

348.               Intravenous regional anaesthesia

349.               Central nerve blocks

350.               Spinal anaesthesia

351.               Epidural block

352.               Peripheral blocks

353.               Special situations

354.               References/Further reading

355.               Self-assessment questions and answers

356.               Answer 2

357.               Question 3

358.               Answer 3

359.               Chapter 26 Complications arising from anaesthesia

360.               Causes of complications

361.               Avoidance of complications

362.               Management of complications

363.               Medicolegal aspects of complications

364.               Common complications

365.               References/Further reading

366.               Self-assessment questions and answers

367.               Chapter 27 Management of critical incidents

368.               References/Further reading

369.               Chapter 28 Resuscitation

370.               Science and guidelines

371.               Epidemiology

372.               Prevention

373.               Cardiopulmonary resuscitation

374.               Advanced life support

375.               Periarrest arrhythmias

376.               Post-resuscitation care

377.               Decisions relating to cardiopulmonary resuscitation

378.               National Cardiac Arrest Audit

379.               Acknowledgement

380.               References/Further reading

381.               Self-assessment questions and answers

382.               Answer 1

383.               Question 2

384.               Answer 2

385.               Question 3

386.               Answer 3

387.               Chapter 29 Postoperative and recovery room care

388.               Staff

389.               Facilities

390.               Monitoring

391.               Handover

392.               Postoperative planning

393.               Discharge from PACU

394.               Levels of postoperative care

395.               Common early postoperative complications

396.               Other complications

397.               References/Further reading

398.               Self-assessment questions and answers

399.               Section 4 Clinical anaesthesia

400.               Chapter 30 Managing the high-risk surgical patient

401.               What makes an operation high risk?

402.               What makes a patient high risk?

403.               Reducing risk before surgery

404.               Identifying patients in need of post-operative critical care

405.               Perioperative management of the high-risk patient

406.               Postoperative management

407.               References/Further reading

408.               Self-assessment questions and answers

409.               Answer 1

410.               Question 2

411.               Answer 2

412.               Chapter 31 Surgery under anaesthesia for the older surgical patient

413.               Ageing: physiological decline

414.               Ageing: multimorbidity

415.               Ageing: geriatric syndromes

416.               Using Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment in the preoperative setting

417.               Intraoperative considerations

418.               Postoperative care in older surgical patients

419.               References/Further reading

420.               Self-assessment questions and answers

421.               Answer 1

422.               Question 2

423.               Answer 2

424.               Question 3

425.               Answer 3

426.               Chapter 32 Anaesthesia for the obese patient

427.               Measuring obesity

428.               Obesity and the metabolic syndrome

429.               Obesity pathophysiology, comorbidity and anaesthetic management

430.               Respiratory system

431.               Obstructive sleep apnoea

432.               Anaesthetic management points

433.               Cardiovascular system

434.               Vascular disease

435.               Gastrointestinal

436.               Pharmacology

437.               Approach to anaesthesia for obese patients

438.               Bariatric operations

439.               Postoperative care of the bariatric surgery patient

440.               References/Further reading

441.               Self-assessment questions and answers

442.               Answer 1

443.               Question 2

444.               Answer 2

445.               Question 3

446.               Answer 3

447.               Chapter 33 Paediatric anaesthesia

448.               Anatomy and physiology

449.               Conduct of anaesthesia

450.               Emergence, recovery and postoperative care

451.               Regional anaesthesia/analgesia

452.               Airway emergencies

453.               Neonatal emergency surgery

454.               Child protection and safeguarding

455.               References/Further reading

456.               Self-assessment questions and answers

457.               Chapter 34 Anaesthesia for day surgery

458.               Introduction

459.               Preoperative assessment

460.               Patient suitability for day surgery

461.               Anaesthetic techniques

462.               Postoperative nausea and vomiting

463.               Airway management

464.               Recovery in day surgery

465.               Management and organisation of the day surgery unit

466.               Audit

467.               Education and training

468.               Controversies in day surgery

469.               References/Further reading

470.               Self-assessment questions and answers

471.               Answer 1

472.               Question 2

473.               Answer 2

474.               Question 3

475.               Answer 3

476.               Chapter 35 Anaesthesia for general, gynaecological and genitourinary surgery

477.               Anaesthetic considerations

478.               Surgical techniques

479.               Patient factors

480.               Anaesthetic techniques

481.               Conduct of anaesthesia

482.               Anaesthetic implications of specific operations

483.               Self-assessment questions and answers

484.               Answer 1

485.               Question 2

486.               Answer 2

487.               Question 3

488.               Answer 3

489.               Question 4

490.               Answer 4

491.               Chapter 36 Anaesthesia for orthopaedic surgery

492.               The patient population

493.               Techniques of anaesthesia

494.               Postoperative analgesia

495.               Surgical considerations

496.               Specific surgical procedures

497.               References/Further reading

498.               Self-assessment questions and answers

499.               Chapter 37 Anaesthesia for ENT, maxillofacial and dental surgery

500.               Airway management for shared airway surgery

501.               ENT surgery

502.               Oral and maxillofacial surgery

503.               Anaesthesia for head and neck cancer surgery

504.               Dental anaesthesia

505.               References/Further reading

506.               Self-assessment questions and answers

507.               Answer 1

508.               Question 2

509.               Answer 2

510.               Question 3

511.               Answer 3

512.               Question 4

513.               Answer 4

514.               Chapter 38 Ophthalmic anaesthesia

515.               Anatomy and physiology of the eye

516.               Conditions for intraocular surgery

517.               Choice of anaesthesia

518.               Ophthalmic drugs relevant to the anaesthetist

519.               Ophthalmic regional blocks

520.               Ophthalmic procedures requiring general anaesthesia

521.               References/Further reading

522.               Self-assessment questions and answers

523.               Chapter 39 Anaesthesia for vascular, endocrine and plastic surgery

524.               Major vascular surgery

525.               Surgery for tumours of the endocrine system

526.               Plastic surgery

527.               References/Further reading

528.               Self-assessment questions and answers

529.               Chapter 40 Neurosurgical anaesthesia

530.               Applied anatomy and physiology

531.               General principles of neurosurgical anaesthesia

532.               Anaesthesia for intracranial surgery

533.               Anaesthesia for surgery of the spine and spinal cord

534.               Anaesthesia for emergency intracranial surgery

535.               Management of the brain-injured patient

536.               Intensive care management of head-injured patients

537.               Anaesthesia for CT and MRI scanning

538.               Self-assessment questions and answers

539.               Chapter 41 Anaesthesia for thoracic surgery

540.               Anatomy

541.               Preoperative assessment

542.               Intraoperative considerations

543.               Hypoxaemia during one-lung ventilation

544.               Postoperative analgesia

545.               References/Further reading

546.               Self-assessment questions and answers

547.               Chapter 42 Anaesthesia for cardiac surgery

548.               Ischaemic heart disease

549.               Valvular disease

550.               Congenital heart disease

551.               Cardiopulmonary bypass

552.               Preoperative assessment

553.               Investigations

554.               Risk assessment

555.               Monitoring

556.               Pathophysiology

557.               Anaesthetic technique

558.               Haemodynamics after cardiopulmonary bypass

559.               Postoperative care

560.               References/Further reading

561.               Self-assessment questions and answers

562.               Chapter 43 Obstetric anaesthesia and analgesia

563.               Anatomy and physiology of pregnancy

564.               Pharmacology of relevant drugs

565.               Basic obstetrics

566.               Feeding and antacid prophylaxis in labour

567.               Pain and pain relief in labour

568.               Regional anaesthesia for the parturient

569.               General anaesthesia for the parturient

570.               Assessment of the pregnant woman presenting for anaesthesia and analgesia

571.               Emergencies in obstetric anaesthesia

572.               Anaesthesia for interventions other than delivery or extraction of retained products of conception

573.               References/Further reading

574.               Self-assessment questions and answers

575.               Answer 2

576.               Answer 3

577.               Answer 4

578.               Chapter 44 Emergency and trauma anaesthesia

579.               Preoperative assessment

580.               The full stomach

581.               Anaesthetic techniques

582.               National Emergency Laparotomy Audit

583.               Major trauma

584.               Trauma anaesthesia

585.               Anaesthetic considerations in the prehospital environment

586.               Management of major incidents

587.               References/Further reading

588.               Self-assessment questions and answers

589.               Chapter 45 Anaesthesia in resource-poor areas

590.               Background

591.               Challenges to the provision of anaesthesia

592.               Population and procedures

593.               Anaesthesia without electricity or pressurised gas supplies

594.               Conduct of anaesthesia

595.               Ketamine intravenous anaesthesia

596.               Inhalational anaesthesia using draw-over vaporisers

597.               Regional anaesthesia

598.               Perioperative blood loss

599.               Intensive care

600.               Education and training

601.               Self-assessment questions and answers

602.               Chapter 46 Anaesthesia outside the operating theatre

603.               Anaesthesia in remote locations within the hospital

604.               Self-assessment questions and answers

605.               Chapter 47 Anaesthesia and organ transplantation

606.               General considerations in organ transplantation

607.               Anaesthetic management: general principles

608.               Anaesthesia for organ transplantation and transplant recipients: organ-specific considerations

609.               References/Further reading

610.               Self-assessment questions and answers

611.               Answer 1

612.               Chapter 48 The intensive care unit

613.               Staffing an intensive care unit

614.               ICU admission and ethical decision-making

615.               Assessment of patients

616.               Monitoring in ICU

617.               Institution of intensive care

618.               Other aspects of intensive care

619.               Outcome after intensive care

620.               Death in intensive care

621.               Organ donation

622.               Discharge from intensive care

623.               References/Further reading

624.               Self-assessment questions and answers

625.               Index

 

An aparitie	2 April 2019
Autor	Jonathan Thompson , Iain Moppett , Matthew Wiles
Dimensiuni	19.3 x 3.56 x 23.62 cm
Editura	Elsevier
Format	Paperback
ISBN	9780702075001
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	1084