Pizzo & Poplack’s Pediatric Oncology, Eighth edition

 

Description:

Comprehensive, authoritative, and up to date, Pizzo and Poplack’s Pediatric Oncology, 8th Edition, remains your most trusted source of information on the care and research of children with cancer. This award-winning text is the single most comprehensive reference on the biology and genetics of childhood cancer, its diagnosis and multimodal treatment, and long-term management. In the tradition of excellence established by Drs. Philip A. Pizzo and David G. Poplack, this 8th Edition keeps you fully informed while helping you collaborate more effectively with others on the cancer care team to enhance quality-of-life issues for patients and families.

 

Table of contents:

 

Section 1 Biological Basis of Childhood Cancer

1 Epidemiology of Childhood Cancer

Cancer Surveillance and Descriptive Epidemiology

Analytic Epidemiology

Summary and Future Considerations

2 Heredity and Childhood Cancer

Constitutional Chromosomal Abnormalities

Structural Chromosomal Abnormalities

Overgrowth Disorders and Imprinting Errors

Autosomal Dominant Disorders

Autosomal Recessive Disorders

Issue in Genetic Testing for the Pediatric Oncology Patient

3 Molecular and Genetic Basis of Childhood Cancer

General Nature of Cancer-Associated Genetic Aberrations

Comprehensive Analysis of the Cancer Genome

Germline Mutations

Somatically Acquired Chromosomal Aberrations and Mutation

Gross Chromosomal Rearrangements

Oncogenic Consequences of Gross Chromosomal Rearrangements—General Themes

Chromosomal Translocations Lead to Activation of Proto-Oncogenes and Generation of Oncogenic Fusion Genes

Chromosomal Deletion Leads to Inactivation of Tumor Suppressor Genes

Gene Amplification

Point Mutations Leading to Gene Activation or Inactivation

Comprehensive Genomic Studies of Pediatric Tumors

Mechanisms of Malignant Cell Transformation, Growth, and Clonal Expansion

Outlook for Molecularly Targeted Therapies

Summary

4 Biology of Childhood Cancer

Gene Regulation

Protein Regulation

Signal Transduction

Cell Proliferation

Programmed Cell Death

Cancer Metabolism

Metastasis and the Tumor Microenvironment

5 Tumor Immunology of Childhood Cancer

Overview of the Immune System

Modern Concepts of Immune Surveillance

T-Cell Recognition of Cancer

Innate Immune Cells and the Tumor Microenvironment

Immune Function in Cancer Patients

Immunotherapy of Cancer

Summary and Future Directions

Section 2 Diagnosis and Evaluation of the Child with Cancer

6 Clinical Assessment and Differential Diagnosis of Suspected Childhood Cancer

Children at Risk

Time to Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis

Establishing the Diagnosis

Summary

7 Pathology and Molecular Diagnosis of Leukemias and Lymphomas

Introduction

Ancillary Studies

Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Myeloid Neoplasms

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Histiocytic Disorders

8 Diagnostic Pathology of Pediatric Solid and Central Nervous System Malignancies

Introduction

Brief Pathologic Classification of Pediatric Solid Tumors

Traditional Approaches to Childhood Solid Tumor Diagnosis

Molecular Genetic Evaluation of Childhood Cancer

Integrated Diagnostic Molecular Pathology of Pediatric Solid Tumors

The Holistic Cancer Genome

DNA

RNA

Emerging Technologies for Diagnosis

The Future of Pediatric Cancer Diagnosis

9 Imaging Studies in the Diagnosis of Childhood Cancer

Relative Merits of Available Imaging Procedures

General Concepts of Pediatric Tumor Imaging

Future Directions

Section 3 Principles of Multimodal Therapy

10 General Principles of Chemotherapy

Principles of Cancer Chemotherapy

Clinical Pharmacology of Anticancer Drugs

Alkylating Agents

Nonclassical Alkylating Agents

Antimetabolites

Purine Antimetabolites

Pyrimidine Antimetabolites

Topoisomerase Inhibitors

Tubulin Inhibitors

Miscellaneous Agents

Small-Molecule Pathway Inhibitors

Therapeutic Antibodies

Perspectives

11 General Principles of Cellular Immunotherapy

T Cells

Natural Killer Cells

γδ Thymus-Derived T Cells

Invariant Natural Killer T Cells

Strategies to Improve Adoptive Cellular Therapies

Conclusions

12 General Principles of Targeted Therapy

Introduction

Basic Principles for the Clinical Development of Molecularly Targeted Agents

Therapies Targeted to Apoptosis Pathways

Targeting Extracellular Survival Signaling Pathways

Targeting Development, Differentiation, and Other Intracellular Processes

Targeting Angiogenesis

Conclusions

13 General Principles of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Autologous Transplantation—High-Dose Chemotherapy with Hematopoietic Stem Cell (Hsc) Rescue

Allogeneic Transplantation

Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Preparative Regimens

Transplantation for Leukemia

Transplantation for Hodgkin Lymphoma (HL) and Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL)

Transplantation for Solid Tumors

Complications After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Late Effects After Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Future Directions

14 General Principles of Radiation Oncology

Biologic Basis of Radiation Therapy

Physical Basis of Radiation Therapy

Interactions of Radiation Therapy and Chemotherapy

Radiation Effects on Normal Tissues

15 General Principles of Surgery

Preoperative Considerations for the Oncologist

Perioperative Considerations for the Oncologist

Minimally Invasive Surgery

Section 4 Management of Common Cancers of Childhood

16 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Epidemiology

Genetic Risk Factors

Environmental Risk Factors

Pathogenesis

Classification of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Molecular Genomics of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Pharmacogenetics

Clinical Presentation

Assessing Treatment Response

Prognostic Factors

Treatment

Treatment of Relapse

Late Effects of Treatment

Future Challenges

17A Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Historical Background and Definitions

Epidemiology of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome

Biologic Basis of Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Myelodysplastic Syndrome: From Normal Progenitors to Leukemia

Methodologies for Classifying Myeloid Malignancies

Defining Subtypes: Evolution of Diagnostic Classification of Myeloid Malignancies

Clinical and Laboratory Presentation

Prognostic Factors and Implications of Risk Group Stratification on Treatment

Evolution of Risk Adapted Therapy

Unique Aml Subtypes and Settings

The Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Survivorship

17B Myeloproliferative Neoplasms of Childhood

Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

Juvenile Myelomonocytic Leukemia

Polycythemia Vera and Essential Thrombocythemia

18 Hodgkin Lymphoma

Biologic Considerations

Epidemiology, Pathogenesis & Pathology

Clinical Presentation

Treatment and Outcome

Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant Hodgkin Lymphoma

Approach to Patients with Primary Refractory Disease or Relapse of Hodgkin Lymphoma

Late Effects

Future Considerations

19 Malignant Non–Hodgkin Lymphomas in Children

Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma Overview

NHL Cellular Classifications: Specific Biologic and Clinical Considerations

Conclusions

Management Summary

20 Lymphoproliferative Disorders and Malignancies Related to Immunodeficiencies

Viral Pathogens and the Development of Malignancies

Epstein–Barr Virus and Malignancies

Human herpesvirus-8 and Malignancies in Immunodeficient Patients

Malignancies in Primary Immunodeficiencies

Secondary Immunodeficiency and Cancer

Malignancies in the Posttransplant Patient

Summary

21 Histiocytoses

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis

Sinus Histiocytosis with Massive Lymphadenopathy (Rosai–Dorfman Disease)

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma

Malignant Histiocytic Diseases

Summary

Management Summary

22A Gliomas, Ependymomas, and Other Nonembryonal Tumors of the Central Nervous System

Epidemiology

Inherited Syndromes Associated with Central Nervous System Tumors

Ionizing Radiation and Central Nervous System Tumors

Pathologic Classification of Central Nervous System Tumors

Clinical Presentation

Neuroimaging in Pediatric Central Nervous System Tumors: Current Status and Future Directions

Neurosurgery: Diagnosis and Treatment

Radiation Therapy

Principles of Chemotherapy

Ependymoma

Low-Grade Gliomas

Tumors of the Optic Pathway

Supratentorial High-Grade Gliomas

Brainstem Gliomas

Craniopharyngioma

Choroid Plexus Neoplasms

Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors

Sequelae of Treatment

22B Tumors of the Central Nervous System: Embryonal and Pineal Region Tumors

Embryonal Tumors

Medulloblastoma

Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor

Embryonal Tumors with Multilayered Rosettes

Other Rare Embryonal Tumors

Pineal Region Tumors

Germ Cell Tumors

23 Neuroblastoma

Epidemiology

Genetic Predisposition

Molecular Pathogenesis

Pathology

Clinical Presentation

Paraneoplastic Syndromes

Clinical and Laboratory Evaluation

Staging and Treatment Response

Prognostic Considerations

Principals of Initial Therapy

Late Effects

Future Considerations

24 Renal Tumors

Epidemiology

Genetics and Molecular Biology

Pathology

Clinical Presentation and Diagnostic Workup

Prognostic Factors

Treatment of Wilms Tumor

Clear Cell Sarcoma of the Kidney

Malignant Rhabdoid Tumor

Renal Cell Carcinoma

Congenital Mesoblastic Nephroma

25 Rhabdomyosarcoma

Epidemiology and Genetic Susceptibility

Molecular Biology

Animal Models

Pathology

Patterns of Spread and Clinical Presentation

Methods of Diagnosis

Staging

Prognostic Considerations

Treatment

Perspectives

26 Nonrhabdomyosarcoma Soft-Tissue Sarcomas

Epidemiology

Pathology

Clinical Presentation

Prognostic Factors

Staging

General Treatment Considerations

Radiation Therapy

Chemotherapy

Selected Specific Diseases (Grouped First by Biologic Potential and then in Alphabetical Order)

Intermediate, Locally Aggressive Soft-Tissue Tumors

Intermediate, Rarely Metastasizing Soft-Tissue Tumors

Future Directions

27 Ewing Sarcoma

Nomenclature

Biology

Clinical Presentation and Staging

Pathology

Initial Treatment

Treatment

Management of Recurrent Disease

Late Effects

Summary and Conclusions

28 Osteosarcoma

Introduction

Clinical Presentation

Epidemiology

Pathology

Biology

Treatment

New Drugs

Follow-Up and Late Effects

29 Germ Cell Tumors

Nomenclature

Embryogenesis and Histogenesis of Gonadal Tumors

Genetics and Molecular Biology

Pathology

Tumor Markers

Clinical Presentation, Staging, and Risk Assignment

Treatment Overview

Surgical Approach: Ovarian Tumors

Salvage Strategies

Toxicity and Late Effects

Future Considerations

30 Endocrine Tumors

Pituitary Tumors

Parathyroid Tumors

Thyroid Tumors

Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors

Adrenal Tumors

Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

31 Liver Tumors

Approach to Children with a Liver Mass

Hepatoblastoma

Staging, Pretreatment Extent of Tumor (Pretext) and Current Risk Group Stratification of Hb

Surgery in HCC

Hepatocellular Benign and Premalignant Epithelial Tumors

Biliary Epithelial and Mixed Biliary-Hepatocellular Tumors

Mixed Epithelial/Mesenchymal or Uncertain Origin

Mesenchymal Tumors, Malignant

Metastatic and Other Malignant Tumors Involving the Liver

32 Retinoblastoma

Epidemiology

Anatomy

Genetics

Clinical Presentation

Diagnosis

Pathology

Metastasis and Recurrence

Trilateral Retinoblastoma and Other Tumors

Staging

Therapeutic Options

Immediate Future Directions

33 Rare Tumors

Head and Neck

Chest

Abdomen

Genitourinary System/Pelvis

Skin

Bone Tumors

Conclusion

Section 5 Supportive Care of Children with Cancer

34 Oncologic Emergencies

Cardiothoracic Emergencies

Gastrointestinal Emergencies

Genitourinary Emergencies

Metabolic and Endocrine Emergencies

Neurologic Emergencies

Therapy-Associated Emergencies

Summary

35 Hematologic Supportive Care

Anemia

Thrombocytopenia

Other Transfusion Products

Complications of Transfusion

Hematopoietic Colony-Stimulating Factors

36 Infectious Complications in Children with Underlying Malignancy

Host Defenses: Innate and Adaptive Immunity

Care of Febrile Cancer Patients

Empirical Antibacterial Treatment of Febrile Neutropenic Patients

Antifungal Agents

Antiviral Agents

Anti-Pneumocystis Pneumonia Agents

Management of Unexplained Fever in the Neutropenic Patient

Evaluation and Management of Documented Infections

Prevention of Infection in Children with Cancer

Prophylactic Antibiotics

Immunization

Granulocyte Transfusions

Recombinant Human Cytokines

Adoptive T-Cell Therapy

Future Directions

37 Nursing Support of the Child with Cancer

Direct Patient Care Nursing Roles

Advanced Practice Roles

Research Roles

Nursing Standards of Care

Providing Expert Clinical Nursing Care

Professional Development

38 Nutritional Supportive Care

Definition of Cancer Cachexia

Obesity and the Pediatric Patient with Cancer

The Population at Risk

Etiology and Pathophysiology

Clinical Assessment of Nutritional Status

Nutrition Intervention Techniques

Vitamins in Treating the Pediatric Patient with Cancer

Nutritional Concerns of Long-Term Survivors of Childhood Cancer

Conclusion

39 Rehabilitation of the Child with Cancer

Rehabilitation Problems

Specific Childhood Cancers: Rehabilitation Issues

Spinal Cord Tumors

Bone Tumors

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

40 Pain and Symptom Management

Introduction

Pain

Etiologies of Cancer Pain

Multimodal Management of Pain

Pharmaceutical Management of Cancer-Related Pain in Children

Interventional Procedures for Pain Management

Somnolence, Fatigue, Insomnia

Summary

41 Psychosocial Support for the Child and Family

Principles and Essential Knowledge for Health Professionals

The Initial Diagnostic Period: A Time of Crisis

Treatment: Reestablishing Equilibrium

Relapses: A Second Crisis

Survivorship

Family Considerations

Psychosocial and Psychiatric Interventions

Final Word

42 Educational Issues for Children with Cancer

School Reentry: Considerations and Stakeholders

Evidence Base and Standards of Care

Components of School Reentry Programs

Special Education Services in Childhood Cancer Survivors

Conclusions and Future Directions

43 Palliative Care for the Child with Cancer

The Interdisciplinary Nature of Palliative Care

Palliative Care for Children with Cancer

Other Considerations at the End of Life

Section 6 Other Considerations in Childhood Cancer

44 Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer and Transitional Care to Adulthood

Cancer Incidence and Survival Trends

Treatment-Related Toxicity

Clinical Trial Enrollment

Psychosocial Issues

Cancer Survivorship

Conclusions

Management Summary

45 Late Effects of Childhood Cancer and its Treatment

Burden of Morbidity

Standardized Recommendations for Follow-Up of Childhood Cancer

Auditory Complications

Neurocognitive Sequelae

Cardiovascular Function

Pulmonary Function

Genitourinary Abnormalities

Gastrointestinal Function

Gonadal Function

Other Endocrinologic Outcomes

Growth Hormone Deficiency

Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome

Musculoskeletal and Related Tissues

Subsequent Malignant Neoplasms

Late Mortality Among Childhood Cancer Survivors

New Agents and New Potential Late Effects

Cancer Survivorship—Future Research Opportunities

46 Cancer Clinical Trials: Design, Conduct, Analysis, and Reporting

Planning a Clinical Trial

Feasibility Assessment

Protocol Writing

Regulatory Affairs

Conduct of the Clinical Trial

Analyzing Clinical Trial Data

Reporting Results of Clinical Trials

47 Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Oncology

Informed Consent and Decision-Making

Ethics of Research Involving Children with Cancer

Ethical Issues at the End of Life

Privacy and Confidentiality

Genetics and Genomics

Population Inequities in Childhood Cancer Care and Outcomes

Caring for Health Care Providers

Conclusion

48 The Other Side of the Bed: What Providers Can Learn from Listening to Patients and Their Families

General Issues of Communication and Trust

Major Events in the Care of Patients and Their Families

Conclusion

49 Complementary and Integrative Therapies in Pediatric Oncology

History

Definitions

Epidemiology

Patients’ and Families’ Reasons for Using Complementary and Integrative Therapies

Talking with Patients and Families

Integrative Therapy Modalities

Biochemical Therapies

Toxicities and Other Risks

Lifestyle Therapy: Diet, Exercise, Environment, and Mind–Body

Environment

Mind–Body

Biomechanical Therapies

Bioenergetic Therapies

Summary

50 Economic Issues in Pediatric Cancer

Patient–Physician Communication about Cost of Cancer Care

Methods of Economic Evaluation

Financing Care

Family Impact

Conclusion

51 Pediatric Cancer: Advocacy and Policy Issues for Patients, Families, and Survivors

Landscape of the Childhood Cancer Advocacy Community

Advocates’ Central Policy Priorities

Ongoing and Emerging Issues for Advocates

52 Maximizing Safety in Cancer Treatment

Background

Recognizing and Reporting of Problems

Event Reporting

Preventing Errors

53 Pediatric Oncology in Low- and Middle-Income Countries

Epidemiology and Burden of Pediatric Cancer in LMICs

Health Systems and Sociocultural Barriers to Pediatric Cancer Care in LMICs

Shortage of Multispecialty Expertise for Pediatric Cancer Care

Diagnosis and Risk-Stratification Modalities of Pediatric Cancer in LMICs

Access to Cancer Treatment Modalities: Drugs, Pediatric Surgery, and Radiotherapy

Supportive Care for Children on Cancer Treatment in LMICs

Palliative Care for Children with Cancer in LMICs

Survivorship Care for Children with Cancer in LMICs

Pediatric Oncology Research in LMICs

Index

 

An aparitie	2020
Autor	Susan M. Blaney, Lee J. Helman and Peter C. Adamson
Dimensiuni	21.59 x 2.54 x 25.4 cm
Editura	LWW
Format	Hardcover
ISBN	9781975124793
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	1352