Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology

Description:

Fully revised and updated throughout, the fourth edition of the Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology now includes free access to the ophthalmic online media bank, a selection of high-quality clinical images and videos for a wide breadth of key ophthalmic diseases. Clear, concise, and practical, this handbook provides immediate access to the detailed clinical information you need, in casualty, clinic, theatre, and on the wards. The core of the book comprises a systematic synopsis of ophthalmic disease directed towards diagnosis, interim assessment, and ongoing management. Assessment boxes for common clinical conditions and algorithms for important clinical presentations illustrate this practical approach. The information is easily accessible, presented in a clear format with areas of importance highlighted. Key sections for the trainee include: Clinical Skills, Aids to Diagnosis, Investigations and their Interpretation, Perioperative Care, Theatre Notes and Therapeutics. The wider practise of eye-care is supported by expanded chapters on Refractive Ophthalmology, Vision in Context, Evidence Based Ophthalmology and Resources for Ophthalmologists. Now including newer treatments across a range of specialities such as SMILE, gene-therapy and retinal prostheses, as well as greater emphasis on the evidence underlying current clinical practice and guidelines, this handbook has never been more essential for all those working in eye-care. Whether you want to learn about patient-reported outcomes, identify a surgical instrument, interpret a statistical test, or diagnose and treat ophthalmic emergencies, you will find it here. Whatever your role in caring for patients with eye disease: ophthalmologist, optometrist, orthoptist, ophthalmic nurse, or other health profession - discover for yourself why this handbook has become the 'go-to' resource for tens of thousands of eye-care professionals around the world.

 

Table of Contents:

 

Orthoptic abbreviations

1. Clinical skills

Taking an ophthalmic history

Assessment of vision: acuity

Assessment of vision: clinical tests in children and tests of binocular status

Assessment of vision: contrast and colour

Biomicroscopy: slit-lamp overview

Biomicroscopy: use of the slit-lamp

Anterior segment examination (1)

Techniques for anterior segment examination

Anterior segment examination (2)

Gonioscopy

Posterior segment examination

Pupil examination

Ocular motility examination

Visual field (VF) examination

Lids/ptosis examination

Orbital examination

Nasolacrimal system examination

Refraction: outline (1)

Refraction: outline (2)

Focimetry

2. Investigations and their interpretation

Visual field testing: general

Static automated perimetry: performance and interpretation

Automated perimetry: protocols

Glaucoma progression analysis

Goldmann perimetry

Goldmann perimetry (2)

Anterior segment imaging (1)

Anterior segment imaging (2)

Posterior segment imaging

Fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA)

Indocyanine green (ICG) angiography and other vascular assessments

Imaging the retinal nerve fibre layer

Adaptive optics

Optical coherence tomography

OCT angiography (OCTA)

Ophthalmic ultrasonography (1)

Ophthalmic ultrasonography (2)

Electrodiagnostic tests (1)

Electrodiagnostic tests (2)

Electrodiagnostic tests (3)

Ophthalmic radiology: X-ray, dacryocystography (DCG), and dacryoscintigraphy (DSG)

Ophthalmic radiology: CT and CT angiography (CTA)

Ophthalmic radiology: MRI and MR angiography (MRA)/MR venography (MRV)

3. Ocular trauma

Ocular trauma: assessment

Tetanus status and prophylaxis

Chemical injury: assessment

Chemical injury: treatment

Thermal injury/burns: assessment

Thermal injury/burns: management

Orbital fractures: assessment

Orbital fractures: treatment

Lid lacerations

Blunt trauma: assessment

Blunt trauma: treatment

Penetrating trauma/intraocular foreign bodies: assessment

Penetrating trauma/intraocular foreign bodies: treatment

Corneal foreign bodies and abrasions

Hyphaema

Laser trauma

4. Lids

Anatomy and physiology (1)

Anatomy and physiology (2)

Eyelash disorders

Blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) (1)

Blepharitis and meibomian gland dysfunction (2)

Lid lumps: cysts and abscesses

Lid lumps: benign and premalignant tumours

Lid lumps: malignant tumours (1)

Lid lumps: malignant tumours (2)

Repair of eyelid defects

Ectropion

Entropion

Ptosis: acquired

Ptosis: congenital, p. 180).

Miscellaneous lid disorders

5. Lacrimal

Anatomy and physiology

The watery eye: assessment

The watery eye: treatment

Dacryocystorhinostomy

Lacrimal system infections

6. Conjunctiva

Anatomy and physiology, pp. 196–7.

Conjunctival signs

Conjunctival diagrams

Bacterial conjunctivitis (1)

Bacterial conjunctivitis (2)

Viral conjunctivitis

Chlamydial conjunctivitxis

Allergic conjunctivitis (1)

Allergic conjunctivitis (2)

Cicatricial conjunctivitis (1)

Cicatricial conjunctivitis (2)

Cicatricial conjunctivitis (3)

Cicatricial conjunctivitis (4)

Dry eyes: clinical features (1)

Dry eyes: clinical features (2)

Dry eyes: clinical features (3)

Dry eyes: treatment (1)

Dry eyes: treatment (2)

Ocular neuropathic pain

Miscellaneous conjunctivitis and conjunctival degenerations

Pigmented conjunctival lesions

Non-pigmented conjunctival lesions (1)

Non-pigmented conjunctival lesions (2)

7. Cornea

Anatomy and physiology

Corneal signs

Corneal diagrams

Microbial keratitis: assessment

Microbial keratitis: treatment (1)

Microbial keratitis: treatment (2)

Microbial keratitis: treatment of corneal perforation

Acanthamoeba keratitis

Fungal keratitis: treatment

Fungal keratitis: treatment

Herpes simplex keratitis (1)

Herpes simplex keratitis (2)

Herpes zoster ophthalmicus

Thygeson’s superficial punctate keratopathy

Recurrent corneal erosion syndrome (RCES)

Persistent epithelial defects, p. 272).

Limbal epithelial stem cell deficiency

Corneal degenerative disease (1)

Corneal degenerative disease (2)

Corneal dystrophies: anterior

Corneal dystrophies: stromal (1)

Corneal dystrophies: stromal (2)

Corneal dystrophies: posterior

Keratoconus

Other corneal ectasias

Peripheral ulcerative keratitis (PUK)

Other peripheral corneal diseases

Neurotrophic keratopathy

Exposure keratopathy

Deposition keratopathies

Keratoplasty: penetrating keratoplasty

Keratoplasty: lamellar and endothelial keratoplasty

Keratoplasty: complications

Corneal collagen cross-linking

Amniotic membrane transplantation

Donor eye retrieval and eye banks

8. Sclera

Anatomy and physiology

Episcleritis

Anterior scleritis: outline

Anterior scleritis: non-necrotizing

Anterior scleritis: necrotizing

Posterior scleritis

9. Lens

Anatomy and physiology

Cataract: introduction

Cataract: types

Cataract surgery: assessment

Cataract surgery: consent and planning

Cataract surgery: perioperative, p. 346).

Phacoemulsification (1)

Phacoemulsification (2)

Phacoemulsification (3)

Femtosecond laser (FSL) cataract surgery

Extracapsular, manual small incision, and intracapsular cataract extraction

Intraocular lenses (1)

Intraocular lenses (2)

Intraocular lenses (3)

Cataract surgery: post-operative

Cataract surgery and concurrent eye disease

Cataract surgery: complications

Post-operative endophthalmitis

Toxic anterior segment syndrome

Post-operative cystoid macular oedema

Refractive surprise

Abnormalities of lens size, shape, and position

10. Glaucoma

Anatomy and physiology

Glaucoma: assessment

Ocular hypertension

Primary open-angle glaucoma

Normal-tension glaucoma

Primary angle-closure glaucoma

Acute primary angle closure

Pseudoexfoliation syndrome

Pigment dispersion syndrome

Neovascular glaucoma

Inflammatory glaucoma: general

Inflammatory glaucoma: syndromes

Lens-related glaucoma

Other secondary open-angle glaucoma

Other secondary closed-angle glaucoma

Iatrogenic glaucoma

Pharmacology of IOP-lowering agents

Laser procedures in glaucoma

Surgery for glaucoma

Filtration surgery: trabeculectomy

Filtration surgery: antifibrotics

Filtration surgery: complications of penetrating procedures (1)

Filtration surgery: complications of penetrating procedures (2)

Non-penetrating glaucoma surgery

Micro-invasive glaucoma surgery

11. Uveitis

Anatomy and physiology

Classification of uveitis (1)

Classification of uveitis (2)

Uveitis: assessment

Uveitis: systemic review

Uveitis: investigations (1)

Uveitis: investigations (2)

Uveitis: complications and treatment

Acute anterior uveitis

Uveitis with seronegative spondyloarthropathies

Anterior uveitis syndromes (1), p. 466)

Anterior uveitis syndromes (2)

Uveitis with juvenile idiopathic arthritis

Intermediate uveitis

Retinal vasculitis

Sarcoidosis (1)

Sarcoidosis (2)

Multiple sclerosis

Behçet’s disease

Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease

Sympathetic ophthalmia

Viral uveitis (1)

Viral uveitis (2)

Viral uveitis (3)

HIV-associated disease: anterior segment

HIV-associated disease: posterior segment

Mycobacterial disease (1)

Mycobacterial disease (2)

Spirochaetal and other bacterial uveitis

Protozoan uveitis

Nematodal uveitis

Fungal uveitis

White dot syndromes (1)

White dot syndromes (2)

White dot syndromes (3)

12. Vitreoretinal

Anatomy and physiology

Retinal detachment: assessment

Peripheral retinal degenerations

Retinal breaks

Posterior vitreous detachment

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (1)

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (2)

Tractional retinal detachment

Exudative retinal detachment

Retinoschisis

Hereditary vitreoretinal degenerations

Choroidal detachments and uveal effusion syndrome

Epiretinal membranes

Vitreomacular interface

Submacular (subfoveal) haemorrhage: Treatment, p. 554).

Laser retinopexy and cryopexy for retinal tears

Pneumatic retinopexy

Scleral buckling procedures

Vitrectomy: outline

Vitrectomy: heavy liquids and tamponade agents

Gene therapy for inherited retinal diseases

Retinal prosthesis

13. Medical retina

Anatomy and physiology (1), pp. 570–1.

Anatomy and physiology (2)

Age-related macular degeneration (1)

Age-related macular degeneration (2)

Age-related macular degeneration (3)

Age-related macular degeneration (4)

Age-related macular degeneration (5)

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy: outline

Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy: in practice

Photodynamic therapy

Diabetic eye disease: general

Diabetic eye disease: assessment

Diabetic eye disease: management

Diabetic eye disease: screening

Central serous chorioretinopathy

Cystoid macular oedema

Degenerative myopia

Angioid streaks

Choroidal folds

Retinal vein occlusion: CRVO (1)

Retinal vein occlusion: CRVO (2)

Retinal vein occlusion: BRVO, HRVO

Retinal artery occlusion (1)

Retinal artery occlusion (2)

Ocular ischaemic syndrome

Hypertensive retinopathy

Haematological disease

Retinal conditions associated with renal disease

Retinal telangiectasias

Other retinal vascular anomalies

Radiation retinopathy

Retinitis pigmentosa (1)

Retinitis pigmentosa (2)

Congenital stationary night blindness

Inherited disorders of cone function

Macular dystrophies (1)

Macular dystrophies (2)

Chorioretinal dystrophies

Albinism

Toxic retinopathies (1)

Toxic retinopathies (2)

Toxic retinopathies (3)

Miscellaneous disorders

14. Orbit

Anatomy and physiology

Orbital and preseptal cellulitis

Mucormycosis (phycomycosis)

Thyroid eye disease: general

Thyroid eye disease: assessment

Thyroid eye disease: management

Other orbital inflammations (1)

Other orbital inflammations (2)

Cystic lesions

Orbital tumours: lacrimal and neural

Orbital tumours: vascular

Orbital tumours: lymphoproliferative

Orbital tumours: other

Vascular lesions

Disorders of the anophthalmic socket

15. Intraocular tumours

Iris tumours

Ciliary body tumours

Choroidal melanoma

Choroidal naevus

Choroidal haemangiomas

Other choroidal tumours

Retinoblastoma (1)

Retinoblastoma (2)

Retinoblastoma (3)

Retinal vascular tumours (1)

Retinal vascular tumours (2)

Other retinal tumours

Retinal pigment epithelium tumours

Lymphoma

16. Neuro-ophthalmology

Anatomy and physiology (1)

Anatomy and physiology (2)

Anatomy and physiology (3)

Optic neuropathy: assessment

Typical optic neuritis

Multiple sclerosis

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD)

Atypical optic neuritis

Anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, p. 743);

Arteritic AION and giant cell arteritis

Temporal artery biopsy

Non-arteritic AION

Posterior ischaemic optic neuropathy (PION)

Other optic neuropathies/atrophies

Papilloedema

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension

Pseudopapilloedema

Congenital optic disc anomalies

Chiasmal disorders

Retrochiasmal disorders

Migraine

Supranuclear eye movement disorders

Supranuclear eye movement disorders (2)

Third nerve disorders

Fourth nerve disorders

Sixth nerve disorders

Seventh nerve disorders

Anisocoria, pp. 794–5.

Anisocoria: sympathetic chain, pp. 796–7.

Anisocoria: parasympathetic chain

Argyll Robertson pupils

Nystagmus (1)

Nystagmus (2)

Nystagmus (3)

Saccadic oscillations and intrusions

Myasthenia gravis

Other disorders of the neuromuscular junction

Myopathies, pp. 812–13,

Blepharospasm and other dystonias

Functional visual loss

17. Strabismus

Anatomy and physiology (1)

Anatomy and physiology (2)

Binocular single vision

Strabismus: assessment

Strabismus diagrams

Hess and Lees charts

Strabismus: outline, p. 834.

Concomitant strabismus: esotropia (1)

Concomitant strabismus: esotropia (2)

Concomitant strabismus: exotropia

Incomitant strabismus

Restriction syndromes

Alphabet patterns

Strabismus surgery: general

Strabismus surgery: horizontal

18. Paediatric ophthalmology

Embryology (1)

Embryology (2)

Genetics

Ophthalmic assessment in a child (1)

Ophthalmic assessment in a child (2)

The child who does not see

➲Amblyopia

p

Common clinical presentations: red eye, watering, and photophobia

Common clinical presentations: proptosis and globe size

Common clinical presentations: cloudy cornea and leucocoria

Intrauterine infections (1)

Intrauterine infections (2)

Ophthalmia neonatorum, pp. 882–3.

➲Orbital and preseptal cellulitis (paediatric)

➲ Congenital cataract: assessment

➲ Congenital cataract: surgery

➲ Congenital cataract: complications

Uveitis in children

➲Glaucoma in children: assessment

➲Glaucoma in children: treatment

➲Retinopathy of prematurity (1)

Retinopathy of prematurity (2)

Other retinal disorders

Developmental abnormalities: craniofacial and globe

Developmental abnormalities: anterior segment

Developmental abnormalities: posterior segment

Chromosomal syndromes

Metabolic and storage diseases (1)

Metabolic and storage diseases (2)

Phakomatoses

Child abuse

19. Refractive ophthalmology

Refractive error: introduction

Myopia, hypermetropia, and astigmatism

Spectacles: types

Spectacles: materials

Spectacles: prescribing

Contact lenses: outline

Contact lenses: hard and RGP lenses

Contact lenses: hydrogel lenses

Contact lenses: fitting

Contact lenses: complications

Introduction to refractive surgery

Biophysics of refractive lasers (1)

Biophysics of refractive lasers (2)

Excimer laser refractive surgery: preoperative evaluation

Excimer laser refractive surgery: contraindications

Excimer laser refractive surgery: surface treatments

Excimer laser refractive surgery: LASIK

Femtosecond laser refractive surgery: SMILE

Complications of refractive laser: immediate and early

Complications of refractive laser: late

Incisional refractive surgery

Intracorneal ring segments

Collagen shrinkage procedures

➲ Lens-based techniques

20. Aids to diagnosis

Acute red eye

Sudden/recent loss of vision

Gradual loss of vision

The watery eye

Flashes and floaters

Headache

Diplopia

Anisocoria

Nystagmus

Ophthalmic signs: external

Ophthalmic signs: anterior segment (1)

Ophthalmic signs: anterior segment (2)

Ophthalmic signs: anterior segment (3)

Ophthalmic signs: posterior segment (1)

Ophthalmic signs: posterior segment (2)

Ophthalmic signs: visual fields

21. Vision in context

Low vision: taking a history

Low vision: assessing visual function

Low vision: doing something useful (1)

Low vision: doing something useful (2)

Visual impairment registration (1)

Visual impairment registration (2)

Driving standards (1)

(2), pp. 1024–

Pilot standards

NHS (UK), p. 1030).

22. Surgery: anaesthetics and perioperative care

Preoperative assessment

Preoperative preparation

Preoperative management: patients with diabetes

Preoperative management: other special patient groups

Ocular anaesthesia: topical and local

Ocular anaesthesia: sub-Tenon’s block

Ocular anaesthesia: peribulbar block

Ocular anaesthesia: general anaesthesia, p. 1046).

Treatment of anaphylaxis

Hypoglycaemia

Needle-stick injuries

Management of severe local anaesthetic toxicity

Basic and advanced life support

23. Surgery: theatre notes

Sterilization services

Hand hygiene

Suture materials and needle types

Surgical instruments (1)

Surgical instruments (2)

Surgical instruments (3)

24. Laser

Outline

Laser reactions

Clinical applications

Laser safety in the clinic

Laser procedures in retina

Laser procedures in glaucoma (1)

Laser procedures in glaucoma (2), p. 1086).

Laser procedures in lens/cataract

25. Therapeutics

Principles and delivery of ocular drugs

Intracameral injections

Sub-Tenon’s and peribulbar injections

Intravitreal injections

Topical antimicrobials

Topical anti-inflammatory agents

Topical glaucoma medications

Topical mydriatics

Topical anaesthetics

Topical tear replacement

Systemic medication: antimicrobials

Systemic medication: glaucoma

➲Systemic corticosteroids: general

➲Systemic corticosteroids: prophylaxis

➲Antimetabolites, calcineurin inhibitors, and cytotoxics

➲Biologics

26. Evidence-based ophthalmology

Evidence-based medicine

Study design (1)

Study design (2)

Critical appraisal

Clinical guidelines

NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) guidelines

Healthcare economics

Patient-reported outcomes (PROs)

Statistical terms

Statistical tests

Risks, odds, and number needed to treat (NNT)

Statistical issues relating to two eyes

Investigations, p. 1154).

Bayesian vs frequentist approaches

27. Resources

Eponymous syndromes

Web resources for ophthalmologists (1)

Web resources for ophthalmologists (2)

Web resources for ophthalmologists (3)

Web resources for patients

Reference intervals

Image Bank Introduction

Chapter 1 Clinical skills Image Bank

Chapter 2 Investigations and their interpretation Image Bank

Chapter 3 Ocular trauma Image Bank

Chapter 4 Lids Image Bank

Chapter 5 Lacrimal Image Bank

Chapter 6 Conjunctiva Image Bank

Chapter 7 Cornea Image Bank

Chapter 8 Sclera Image Bank

Chapter 9 Lens Image Bank

Chapter 10 Glaucoma Image Bank

Chapter 11 Uveitis Image Bank

Chapter 12 Vitreoretinal Image Bank

Chapter 13 Medical retina Image Bank

Chapter 14 Orbit Image Bank

Chapter 15 Intraocular tumours Image Bank

Chapter 16 Neuro-ophthalmology Image Bank

Chapter 17 Strabismus Image Bank

Chapter 18 Paediatric ophthalmology Image Bank

Chapter 19 Refractive ophthalmology Image Bank

Chapter 23 Surgery: theatre notes Image Bank

Index

 

 

An aparitie	2018
Autor	Alastair K. O. Denniston, Philip I. Murray
Dimensiuni	18.5 x 4.6 x 10.9 cm
Editura	Oxford
Format	Flexicover
ISBN	9780198804550
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	1248