Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography

 

Description:

Focused content, an easy-to-read writing style, and abundant illustrations make Introduction to Vascular Ultrasonography the definitive reference on arterial and venous ultrasound. Trusted by radiologists, interventional radiologists, vascular and interventional fellows, residents, and sonographers through six outstanding editions, the revised 7th Edition covers all aspects of ultrasound vascular diagnosis, including peripheral veins and arteries, carotid and vertebral arteries, abdominal vessels, and transcranial Doppler. Step-by-step explanations, all highly illustrated, walk you through the full spectrum of ultrasound sonography practice, including all that’s new in this quickly evolving field.

Organizes sections with quick reference in mind: clinical rationale, anatomy, examination technique, findings, and interpretation.

Includes 2,100 clinical ultrasound images and anatomic line drawings, including over 1,000 in full color.

Features new coverage of noninvasive image-guided procedures, robotic embolization, laser therapy, new Doppler ultrasound and color images, and guidance on promoting patient relationships.

Takes a clear, readable, and practical approach to interventions and underlying rationales for a variety of complex IR principles, such as the physics of Doppler ultrasound and hemodynamics of blood flow.

Contains extensive tables, charts, and graphs that clearly explain examination protocols, normal values, diagnostic parameters, and ultrasound findings.

 

Table of Contents:

 

Section 1 Basics

1 The Hemodynamics of Vascular Disease

Abstract

Overview

Introduction

Physiologic Factors Governing Blood Flow and Its Characteristics

Effects of Arterial Obstruction

Venous Hemodynamics

Summary

References

2 Principles and Instruments of Ultrasonography

Introduction

Ultrasound Principles

Transducers

Sonographic Instruments

Advanced Features

Doppler Principles

References

3 Doppler Flow Imaging and Spectral Analysis

Introduction

Blood Flow Patterns

Listening to the Auditory Frequency Spectrum

What You Need to Know About Waveform Analysis

Diagnosis of Arterial Obstruction

Color Flow Ultrasound Imaging

Three-Dimensional Vascular Imaging

B-Mode Flow Imaging

References

Section 2 Cerebral Vessels

4 Anatomy of the Cerebral Structure

Abstract

Introduction

Vascular Anatomy

Cerebral Hemodynamics

Collateralization

Summary

References

5 Carotid Sonography

Abstract

B-Mode Ultrasound of the Normal Carotid Artery Wall

Normal Blood Flow Characteristics

Vessel Identity

Examination Protocol

The Examination Sequence

References

6 Evaluating Carotid Plaque and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness

Abstract

Introduction

Pathogenesis of Carotid Atherosclerosis

Imaging Protocol: IMT and Plaque

Plaque Characterization

Plaque Classification Schemes

Plaque Surface Features

Plaque Neovascularity

Perspective on Plaque Characterization

Paradigm Shift: Intima-Media Thickness

Carotid Plaques: Extent, Severity, and Follow-Up

References

7 Ultrasound Assessment of Carotid Stenosis

Abstract

Introduction

Clinical Background

Imaging of Stenosis

Diagnostic Criteria

Plaque Characterization

Technical Considerations and Pitfalls

The Common Carotid Artery

The External Carotid Artery

The Innominate Artery

Summary

References

8 How to Assess Difficult and Uncommon Carotid Cases

Introduction

Carotid Occlusion

Carotid Artery Dissection

Carotid Pseudoaneurysm

Carotid Arteriovenous Fistula

Fibromuscular Dysplasia

Carotid Body Tumor (Glomus Tumor)

Difficult Carotid Cases

References

9 Ultrasound Assessment of the Vertebral Arteries

Abstract

Introduction

Examination Technique

Vertebral Artery Hemodynamics: Qualitative Assessment

Vertebral Artery Hemodynamics: Quantitative Assessment

Correlative Imaging With Magnetic Resonance Angiography and Computed Tomographic Angiography

Treatment of Disease

Summary

References

10 Ultrasound Assessment of the Intracranial Arteries

Introduction

Examination Techniques

Diagnostic Parameters for Specific Clinical Applications

Summary

References

Section 3 Extremity Arteries

11 Anatomy of the Upper and Lower Extremity Arteries

Abstract

Introduction

Upper Extremity

Lower Extremity

References

12 Physiologic Testing of Lower Extremity Arterial Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Instrumentation

Physiologic Testing Procedures

Diagnostic Algorithm

Clinical Applications

Summary

References

13 Assessment of Upper Extremity Arterial Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Basic Anatomy

Obstructive Arterial Disease

Thoracic Outlet Evaluation

Digital Artery Evaluation

Raynaud Disease/Phenomenon

Color Doppler Imaging and Duplex Ultrasound of Vasculitis

Ultrasound Imaging of Upper Extremity Arterial Aneurysms

Upper Extremity Arterial Access

Radial Artery Harvest

Summary

References

14 Ultrasound Evaluation Before and After Hemodialysis Access

Abstract

Introduction

Basic Concepts of Hemodialysis Access

Descriptive Terminology

Vascular Mapping Before Hemodialysis Access Placement

Arteriovenous Fistula Maturity Assessment

Graft Evaluation

Acknowledgments

References

15 Ultrasound Assessment of Lower Extremity Arteries

Abstract

Introduction

Instrumentation

Duplex Ultrasound Technique

Classification of Disease

Clinical Applications

Summary

References

16 Ultrasound Assessment During and After Carotid and Peripheral Interventions

Introduction

Intraprocedural Duplex Ultrasound Assessment

Surveillance After Carotid Intervention

Surveillance After Peripheral Intervention

Infrainguinal Bypass Assessment

Synthetic Grafts

Duplex-Monitored Peripheral Angioplasty/Stent Placement

Post-Procedural Follow-Up

Summary

References

17 Ultrasound in the Assessment and Management of Arterial Emergencies

Abstract

Introduction

Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Carotid Artery Stenosis/Thrombosis

Carotid Artery Dissection

Acute Lower Extremity Ischemia

Femoral Pseudoaneurysm

Traumatic Arteriovenous Fistula

Penetrating Arterial Trauma

Summary

References

Section 4 Extremity Veins

18 Extremity Venous Anatomy and Technique for Ultrasound Examination

Introduction

Anatomy of the Lower Extremity

Venous Duplex Imaging Examination Technique and Protocol

The Venous Anatomy and Examination Protocol

Anatomy of the Upper Extremity

Upper Extremity Examination Protocol

Characterization of Thrombus

Summary

References

19 Ultrasound Diagnosis of Lower Extremity Venous Thrombosis

Abstract

Introduction

Prevalence, Etiology, and Risk Factors

Venous Anatomy of the Lower Extremities

Technique

Ultrasound Findings

Pitfalls

May-Thurner Syndrome

Alternative Diagnoses/Incidental Findings

Summary

References

20 Risk Factors and the Role of Ultrasound in the Management of Extremity Venous Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis Etiology and Risk Factors

Anticoagulation and Thrombolysis in the Management of Venous Thrombosis

Acute Deep Vein Thrombosis of Specific Extremity Veins

Lower Extremity Duplex Scanning in Suspected Pulmonary Embolism

Lower Extremity Superficial Thrombophlebitis

Upper Extremity Venous Thrombosis

Sequelae of Deep Vein Thrombosis

Primary Varicose Veins

Preprocedure Venous Mapping

Summary

References

21 Ultrasound Diagnosis of Venous Insufficiency

Abstract

Introduction

Lower Limb Venous Anatomy

Pathophysiology of Venous Insufficiency

Duplex Diagnosis of Venous Insufficiency

Quantitative Measurement of Venous Incompetence

The Role of Sonography in the Treatment of Chronic Venous Insufficiency

Summary

Acknowledgments

References

22 Nonvascular Findings Encountered During Venous Sonography

Introduction

Soft Tissue Edema

Lymphedema

Hematoma

Muscle Injury

Lymph Nodes

Popliteal (Baker) Cysts

Joint Effusion

Infection

Soft Tissue Tumors

References

Section 5 Abdomen and Pelvis

23 Anatomy and Normal Doppler Signatures of Abdominal Vessels

Abstract

Introduction

Abdominal Aorta

Celiac Artery

Splenic Artery

Hepatic Artery

Superior and Inferior Mesenteric Arteries

Renal Arteries

Portal Venous System

Hepatic Veins

Inferior Vena Cava

Renal Veins

References

24 Ultrasound Assessment of the Abdominal Aorta

Abstract

Introduction

Anatomy

Normal Sizes

Normal Doppler Velocity Profiles

Pathologic States

Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm

Ultrasound Examination

Definition of an Aneurysm: Size Thresholds

Growth Rate of Aneurysms

Common Iliac Artery Aneurysms

Aneurysm Complications

Varied Pathologies

Postsurgical Assessment

Summary

References

25 Ultrasound Assessment Following Endovascular Aortic Aneurysm Repair

Abstract

Introduction

Overview of EVAR

Ultrasound Examination

Endoleak Detection

Aneurysm Size

Endovascular Graft Deformity and Native Artery Complications

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Aneurysm Sac Pressure Measurement

Surveillance Intervals

Summary

References

26 Doppler Ultrasound of the Mesenteric Vasculature

Abstract

Introduction

Anatomy, Physiology, and Natural History of Bowel Ischemia

Technique

Examination Protocol

Diagnostic Criteria

Role of Duplex Ultrasound in Surveillance Following Mesenteric Revascularization (Stent Angioplasty and Bypass Graft Assessment)

Keys to a Successful Examination

Pitfalls

Other Mesenteric Artery Pathologies

Summary

Acknowledgments

References

27 Ultrasound Assessment of the Hepatic Vasculature

Abstract

Introduction

Technique and Normal Hemodynamics

Portal Hypertension

Portal Vein Thrombosis

Portal Vein Stenosis

Arterioportal Fistulas

Portal Vein Gas

Hepatic Vein Obstruction

Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts

Congenital Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunts

Hepatic Artery Stenosis/Occlusion

Hepatic Artery Pseudoaneurysm

References

28 Duplex Ultrasound of Native Renal Vasculature

Abstract

Introduction

Anatomy

Principles of Examination

Technique

Protocol

Vascular Disorders

Summary

Acknowledgments

References

29 Duplex Ultrasound Evaluation of the Uterus and Ovaries

Abstract

Introduction

Technical Issues

Normal Anatomy and Hemodynamics

Current Applications

Ectopic Pregnancy

Pseudogestation

Value of Doppler for Evaluation of Ectopic Pregnancy

Pitfalls

Summary

Acknowledgments

References

30 Duplex Ultrasound Evaluation of the Male Genitalia

Abstract

Introduction

The Scrotum

The Penis

Summary

References

31 Evaluation of Organ Transplants

Abstract

Introduction

Renal Transplantation

Hepatic Transplantation

References

Section 6 Trends in Ultrasound Vascular Imaging

32 Credentialing, Accreditation, and Quality in the Vascular Laboratory

Abstract

Introduction

Credentialing

Accreditation

Quality Improvement

Appropriateness of Vascular Testing

Efforts to Standardize Vascular Testing and Improve Quality at the National Level

Summary

References

33 Ultrasound Screening for Vascular Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Definition and Types of Screening

Screening for Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis

Abdominal Aneurysm Screening

Screening for Cardiovascular Disease: Risk and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease

Summary

References

34 Correlative Imaging

Abstract

Overview

Catheter-Based Arteriography

Magnetic Resonance Angiography

Computed Tomographic Angiography

Overview and Correlative Findings

Summary

References

35 Ultrasound Contrast Agents in Vascular Disease

Abstract

Introduction

Technical Aspects of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound

Safety of Ultrasound Contrast Agents

Clinical Applications of Ultrasound Contrast Agents

Trauma

Future Considerations

Summary

References

Index

 

An aparitie	4 Dec. 2019
Autor	John Pellerito MD , Joseph F Polak MD MPH
Dimensiuni	19.05 x 3.18 x 26.67 cm
Editura	Elsevier
Format	Hardcover
ISBN	9780323428828
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	882