The Equine Acute Abdomen 3e

 

Description:

Written and edited by leading experts on equine digestive diseases, The Equine Acute Abdomen, Third Editionis the preeminent text on diagnosing and treating acute abdominal diseases in horses, donkeys, and mules. 

The definitive guide to acute abdominal disorders in equine patients, fully updated and revised to reflect the latest developments in the field

Lavishly illustrated with more than 450 color illustrations, photographs, line drawings, and figures

A companion website features video clips and images from the book available for download

Provides an invaluable resource to equine surgery and internal medicine specialists, researchers, practitioners, and students

 

Table of Contents:

 

Part I: Normal Anatomy and Physiology

1 Gross and Microscopic Anatomy of the Equine Gastrointestinal Tract

Introduction

Esophagus

Esophagus–Stomach Junction

Stomach

Small Intestine

Large Intestine

Liver

Spleen

Pancreas

2 Intestinal Epithelial Stem Cells

References

3 Gastric Secretory Function

Stomach Anatomy and Physiology

Gastric Secretory Function

References

4 Small Intestinal Function

Digestive Physiology: Anatomy

Intraluminal Digestion

Absorption of Ions and Water

Carbohydrate Absorption

Protein Absorption

Fat Absorption

Iron Absorption

Calcium and Magnesium Absorption

Intestinal Secretion

Function of the Ileum

References

5 Large Intestine Function

Motility Patterns and Transit of Contents

Microbial Activity and Fermentation

Secretion and Absorption

Acknowledgments

References

6 Liver Function

Bile Acid Metabolism and Excretion of Bile

Protein Metabolism

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Lipid Metabolism

Detoxification and Drug Metabolism

Storage

References

7 The Equine Intestinal Microbiota

Introduction

The “Normal” Intestinal Microbiota

Intestinal Microbiota of Healthy Horses

Intestinal Microbiota and Disease in Horses

Effects of Antimicrobials on the Gut Microbiota

Modification of the Microbiota to Prevent or Treat Disease

Clinical Screening of Equine Fecal Microbiota

Conclusion

References

8 Effects of Feeding on Equine Gastrointestinal Function or Physiology

Introduction

Feeding Grain

Feeding Grass

Replacing Grain with Fat

Feeding Mature Grass and Poor Quality Hay

Feeding Large Meals Intermittently and Fasting

Acknowledgments

References

9 Intestinal Motility and Transit

Physiology of Normal Motility

References

Part II: Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Diseases

10 Pathophysiology of Gastric Ulcer Disease

References

11 Pathophysiology of Gastrointestinal Obstruction and Strangulation

Simple Obstruction

Strangulating Obstruction

Intestinal Reparative Mechanisms

References

12 Pathophysiology of Pain

Introduction

Why Does Pain Exist? Is Pain Good or bad?

Manifestations of Abdominal Pain

General Anatomy and Function of the Nociceptive System

Visceral Pain

Sensitization of the Nociceptive System

Central Sensitization

Convergence – Referred Pain

Consequences of Pain

Implications of Pain Physiology for the Principles and Goals of Treatment of Abdominal Pain

Conclusion

References

13 Pathophysiology and Treatment of Postoperative Ileus

Neurogenic Theory

Inflammatory Model

Diagnosis and Treatment of Postoperative Ileus in the Horse

Conclusion

References

14 Pathophysiology, Prevention, and Treatment of Adhesions

Pathophysiology of Intra‐abdominal Adhesions

Prevention and Treatment of Intra‐abdominal Adhesions

Treatment of Intra‐abdominal Adhesions

Adhesion Prevention Strategies

Conclusions

References

15 Pathophysiology of Enteritis and Colitis

Inflammation

Pain

Ileus

Hypermotility

Hypersecretion

Osmotic Diarrhea

Decreased Absorption

Endothelial Dysfunction

Mucosal Barrier Function

Specific Diseases

References

16 Pathophysiology of Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Introduction

Responses to Pathogen‐Associated Molecular Patterns (PAMPs)

Receptors for Gram‐negative Bacteria and Bacterial Ligands

Receptors for Gram‐positive Bacteria and Bacterial Ligands

Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome

Inflammatory Mediators and their Source in the Horse

Summary

References

Part III: Intestinal Parasitism

17 Intestinal Parasitism

Principles of Intestinal Parasitism

Strongylus vulgaris

Cyathostomins

Tapeworms

Parascaris equorum

Other Intestinal Parasites

Prevention

References

Part IV: Epidemiology of Colic

18 Epidemiology of Colic

Introduction

Assessing the Accuracy of Clinical Studies of Colic

Interpreting Results of Colic Risk Factor Studies

Summary

References

19 Epidemiology of Colic

Introduction

Incidence of Colic

Factors that Predispose to Colic

Study of Colic Problems in Individuals and Herds

References

Part V: Diagnosis of Gastrointestinal Disease

20 Diagnostic Approach to Colic

Introduction

Signalment

History

Physical Examination

Hematology, Blood Gas, and Serum Biochemistry

References

21 Investigations of Chronic and Recurrent Colic

References

22 Alternative Diagnostic Techniques

Fecal Examination

Transit Time

Exploratory Laparotomy

Endoscopy

Laparoscopy

References

23 Imaging of the Abdomen

Ultrasonography

Radiography

References

24 Decision for Surgery and Referral

References

25 Prognosticating Equine Colic

Prognosis for Survival

Prognosis for Specific Intestinal Diseases

Prognosis for Use

References

26 Biosecurity in the Management of Equine Gastrointestinal Disease

Biosecurity

Identifying Patients of Concern

Management Protocols

Specific Conditions

Nonspecific Conditions

References

Part VI: Medical Management

27 Medical Management of Gastrointestinal Diseases

Analgesia

Choice of Analgesics in Colic

Treatment of Intestinal Spasm and Spasmodic Colic

Treatment of Obstruction

Treatment of Ileus

References

28 Treatment of Shock

Support of the Cardiovascular System

Fluid Therapy

References

29 Diagnosis and Treatment of Peritonitis and Hemoperitoneum

Pathophysiology

Peritonitis

Hemoperitoneum

References

30 Diagnosis of Enteritis and Colitis in the Horse

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Part VII: Colic in the Foal

31 Diagnosis of Colic in the Foal

Signalment and History

Physical Examination

Ancillary Examination Techniques

References

32 Imaging of the Foal with Colic and Abdominal Distention

Abdominal Radiography

Ultrasonography

References

33 Medical Management of Colic in the Foal

References

34 Surgical Management of Colic in the Foal

Introduction

Indications for Emergency Abdominal Exploration in the Foal

Techniques for Exploratory Laparotomy in the Foal

Prognosis Following Colic Surgery in Foals

References

35 Anesthesia of Foals with Colic

Introduction

Specific Considerations

Anesthetic Management

Conclusion

References

36 Specific Diseases of the Foal

Stomach

Small Intestine

Large Intestine

Urinary Tract

Hernia

References

37 Liver Diseases in Foals

Portosystemic Shunts

Tyzzer Disease and Other Infectious Causes of Liver Disease

Equine Herpesvirus‐1 Hepatitis

Liver Failure in Foals After Neonatal Isoerythrolysis

Umbilical Vein Abscess Affecting the Liver

Portal Vein Thrombosis

Hyperammonemia Syndrome in Morgan Foals

Bile Duct Obstruction

Toxic Hepatopathy

References

Part VIII: Colic in the Donkey

38 Colic in the Donkey

Introduction

Anatomy of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Physiology of the Donkey

Epidemiology and Risk Factors

Behavioral Indicators of Colic in the Donkey

Clinical Examination

Pharmacology

The Role of Parasites

Disorders of the Stomach and Small Intestine

Disorders of the Cecum, Colon, and Rectum

Colic Due to Abdominal Neoplasia and Other Abdominal Organs

Colic in the Overseas Working Donkey

References

Part IX: Nutritional Management

39 Nutritional Management of the Colic Patient

Nutrition and Feeding Management as It Relates to Colic Development and Prevention

Feeding Management of the Colic Patient

Estimating Nutrient Requirements

Modes of Nutritional Therapy

Feeding Management of Specific Gastrointestinal Conditions

Conclusion

References

Part X: Anesthesia for Abdominal Surgery

40 Anesthesia for Horses with Colic

Preanesthetic Assessment

Anesthetic Agents

Preparation for Anesthesia

Induction of Anesthesia

Maintenance of Anesthesia

Monitoring During Anesthesia

Management of Abnormalities

Recovery from Anesthesia

Conclusion

References

Part XI: Surgery for Acute Abdominal Disease

41 Preparation of the Patient for Abdominal Surgery

Patient Preparation and Positioning

Preparation of the Surgical Field

Skin Cleaning and Disinfection

Draping

Common Pitfalls When Preparing the Surgical Field

References

42 Surgical Exploration and Manipulation

Ventral Midline Celiotomy

Ventral Paramedian Celiotomy

Comparisons of the Ventral Median and the Ventral Paramedian Approaches

Ventral Median Celiotomy in Foals

Inguinal and Parainguinal Celiotomy

Flank Laparotomy

Abdominal Exploration

Examination and Handling of the Small Intestine

Examination and Handling of the Large Intestine

Special Circumstances

Intestinal Placement

References

43 Intestinal Viability

Small Intestine

Large Colon and Cecum

Small Colon

References

44 Small Intestinal Resection and Anastomosis

Extent of Resection

Decompression

Ligation of Mesenteric Vessels

Suture Material for Anastomosis

Jejunojejunostomy

Jejunoileostomy

Ileoileostomy

Jejunocecostomy

Comparisons of Anastomosis Types

References

45 Large Colon Enterotomy, Resection, and Anastomosis

Large Colon Enterotomy

Large Colon Resection

References

46 Abdominal Closure

Peritoneum

Closure of the Body Wall

Conclusion

References

Part XII: Intensive Care and Postoperative Care

47 Monitoring Treatment for Abdominal Disease

Frequency of Examinations

Physical Examinations

Pain

Cardiovascular Status

Fever

Inflammatory Markers

Respiratory Rate

Gastrointestinal Function

Urine Production

Laminitis

Thrombophlebitis

Monitoring Clinical Pathology Parameters

Fluid Balance

Renal Function

Electrolyte Balance

Acid–Base Balance

References

48 Postoperative Complications

Postoperative Pain

Postoperative Ileus (POI)

Incisional Complications

Postoperative Fever

Septic Peritonitis

Coagulopathy and Associated Complications

References

49 Laminitis Associated with Acute Abdominal Disease

Pathogenesis: Physiologic Considerations

Pathogenesis: Structural Considerations of the Equine Digit

Laminitis in the Acute Abdomen Patient: Clinical Presentation and Treatment

Prognosis

References

Part XIII: Specific Diseases of Horses

50 Diseases of the Stomach

Gastric Ulcer Syndromes

Gastric Impaction

Gastric Dilation

Polypous Adenoma

Neoplasia

References

51 Diseases of the Liver and Liver Failure

Causes of Liver Disease

Diagnosis of Liver Disease

Hepatic Encephalopathy

Primary Hyperammonemia

Hyperlipemia and Hepatic Lipidosis

Theiler Disease (Serum Hepatitis)

Other Causes of Acute Hepatic Disease and Failure in Adult Horses

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloid Intoxication

Cholangiohepatitis and Choledocholithiasis

Etiopathogenesis

Other Biliary Conditions

Chronic Active Hepatitis

Klein Grass (Panicium coloratum) Toxicity

Alsike Clover Toxicity

Hepatic Neoplasia

Hepatic Amyloidosis

Iron Overload, Hemochromatosis

Right Hepatic Lobe Atrophy

References

52 Diseases of the Small Intestine

Introduction

Strangulating Lesions

Nonstrangulating Obstructions

Inflammatory and Infiltrative Disease

References

53 Diseases of the Cecum

Cecal Tympany

Cecal Impaction

Cecocecal and Cecocolic Intussusception

References

54 Specific Diseases of the Ascending Colon

Large Colon Tympany

Large Colon Impaction

Sand Impaction

Enterolithiasis

Large Colon Displacement

Large Colon Volvulus

Right Dorsal Colitis

Mural Infarction (Thromboembolic Colic)

Other Strangulating Lesions of the Large Colon

References

55 Diseases of the Descending Colon

Introduction

Surgical Considerations Affected by Anatomic Features of the Descending colon

Obstructive Lesions

Vascular and Strangulating Lesions

References

56 Equine Grass Sickness

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathogenesis and Pathology

Clinical Signs

Treatment

Prevention

References

57 Rectal Tears

Anatomy

Etiology and Prevention

Location and Classification of Rectal Tears

Clinical Signs and Diagnosis

Emergency Management

Medical Management

Surgical Management

Postoperative Management

References

58 Malabsorption Syndromes

Causes of Malabsorption Syndrome

Clinical Signs

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

59 Colic and Pregnant Mares

Colic During Pregnancy

Colic After Pregnancy

References

60 Colic from Alternative Systems: “False Colics”

Pain Associated with the Female Reproductive Tract

Pain Associated with the Male Reproductive Tract

Pain Associated with the Urinary Tract

Liver Diseases

The Pancreas

The Spleen

Pain Associated with the Respiratory Tract

Pain Associated with Cardiovascular Disease

Pain Associated with the Musculoskeletal System

References

61 Abdominal Trauma

Diagnostic Approach

Treatment

References

62 Abdominal Abscesses and Neoplasia

Introduction

Abdominal Abscessation

Abdominal Neoplasia

References

Index

End User License Agreement

 

An aparitie	9 Oct. 2017
Autor	Anthony T. Blikslager, Nathaniel A. White II , James N. Moore , Tim S. Mair
Dimensiuni	22.1 x 3.56 x 28.45 cm
Editura	Wiley
Format	Hardcover
ISBN	9781119063216
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	904