Rosen’s Diagnosis of Breast Pathology by Needle Core Biopsy

 

Description:

 

Packed with sensible and sound solutions to common and uncommon diagnostic dilemmas, Rosen’s Diagnosis of Breast Pathology by Needle Core Biopsy, Fifth Edition, helps pathologists in the detection of subtle features which lead to decisive diagnoses. In this award-winning text, Drs. Syed A. Hoda, Raza S. Hoda, and Elaine Zhong provide an entirely updated and sumptuously illustrated guide to correlating pathological, clinical and radiological findings- in the current demanding era of multidisciplinary management.

 

 

Table of Contents:

 

1 Embryology, Development, Histology, and Physiologic Morphology

EMBRYOLOGY AND DEVELOPMENT

HISTOLOGY

PHYSIOLOGIC MORPHOLOGY

METAPLASIA

2 Inflammatory and Reactive Lesions

FAT NECROSIS

Erdheim–Chester Disease

BREAST INFARCT

GALACTOCELE

DUCT ECTASIA

SO-CALLED PLASMA CELL MASTITIS

DIABETIC (LYMPHOCYTIC) MASTOPATHY

Lymphocytic Mastitis and Sclerosing Lymphocytic Mastitis

GRANULOMATOUS MASTITIS

Granulomatous Lobular Mastitis

Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis

SARCOIDOSIS

MASTITIS RELATED TO IMPLANT PLACEMENT

INFLAMMATORY PSEUDOTUMOR

IgG4-RELATED DISEASE

INFLAMMATORY MYOFIBROBLASTIC TUMOR

ALK (+) Histiocytosis

AMYLOID TUMOR (AMYLOIDOMA)

VASCULITIS

Giant Cell and Other Types of Arteritis

Lupus Mastitis

OTHER INFLAMMATORY AND REACTIVE LESIONS

3 Specific Infections and Infestations

INTRODUCTION

BACTERIAL INFECTION

Abscess

Mycobacterial Infections

Cystic Neutrophilic Granulomatous Mastitis

FUNGAL INFECTIONS

PARASITIC INFESTATION

VIRAL INFECTION

4 Benign Papillary Tumors

INTRADUCTAL PAPILLOMA

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Histologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Correlation Between Findings in Needle Core and Excision Specimens

Prognosis

Treatment

RADIAL SCLEROSING LESION

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Histologic Evaluation

Ductal Hyperplasia and Carcinoma in Radial Sclerosing Lesions

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Correlation With Excision Specimens

Treatment

Prognosis

SUBAREOLAR SCLEROSING DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA

Clinical Features

Histologic Evaluation

Treatment and Prognosis

CYSTIC APOCRINE METAPLASIA

Clinical Features

Histologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Prognosis

Treatment

FLORID PAPILLOMATOSIS AND SYRINGOMATOUS ADENOMA OF THE NIPPLE

Florid Papillomatosis

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Histologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

Syringomatous Adenoma of Nipple

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Microscopic Pathology

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prognosis

COLLAGENOUS SPHERULOSIS

Clinical Features

Histologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Prognosis and Treatment

5 Adenomyoepithelial and Myoepithelial Neoplasms

ADENOMYOEPITHELIOMA

Mixed Tumor (Pleomorphic Adenoma)

Atypical Adenomyoepithelioma

Carcinoma (Epithelial and/or Myoepithelial) Arising in AME

Prognosis and Management of Benign and Atypical Myoepithelial Lesions

Carcinoma (Epithelial and/or Myoepithelial) Arising in AME

Differential Diagnosis of Adenomyoepithelial and Myoepithelial Lesions

Molecular Pathology Aspects

6 Adenosis and Microglandular Adenosis

ADENOSIS

Age and Incidence

Symptoms

Imaging

Microscopic Pathology

Sclerosing Adenosis

Florid Adenosis

Tubular Adenosis

Blunt Duct Adenosis

Apocrine Adenosis and Atypical Apocrine Adenosis

Adenosis in Fibroepithelial Neoplasms

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prognosis

Risk of Subsequent Carcinoma

MICROGLANDULAR ADENOSIS

Clinical Presentation

Imaging

Microscopic Pathology

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis of Microglandular Adenosis at Needle Core Biopsy

Prognosis and Treatment

Molecular Pathology of Microglandular Adenosis

7 Fibroepithelial Neoplasms

SCLEROSING LOBULAR HYPERPLASIA (FIBROADENOMATOID CHANGE)

FIBROADENOMA

Clinical Presentation

Imaging

Size

Histopathology

Fibroadenoma With ALH, LCIS, ADH, and DCIS

Immunohistochemistry

Treatment and Prognosis

Percutaneous Forms of Treatment

Excision

Follow-Up Without Excision

Relative Risk of Subsequent Carcinoma

“FIBROEPITHELIAL TUMOR” AND PHYLLODES TUMOR

Clinical Presentation

Size

Imaging

Histopathology

BENIGN PHYLLODES TUMOR

Borderline (Low-Grade Malignant) Phyllodes Tumor

Malignant Phyllodes Tumor

Epithelial Component in Phyllodes Tumors

Recurrent and Metastatic Phyllodes Tumor

Immunohistochemistry

Treatment and Prognosis

Local Recurrence

Distant Metastases

Survival

Role of Molecular Pathology in Diagnosis of Fibroepithelial Tumors

8 Ductal Hyperplasia, Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia, and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA AND ATYPICAL DUCTAL HYPERPLASIA

Clinical Features

Imaging

Histopathology of Ductal Hyperplasia

Usual Ductal Hyperplasia

Collagenous Spherulosis

Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia

Columnar Cell Lesions

Diagnosis of Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia by Needle Core Biopsy

Usual Ductal Hyperplasia/Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia and Breast Carcinoma Risk

Excision for Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia Diagnosed on Needle Core Biopsy

De-Escalation of Surgery in Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia

Chemoprevention of Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia

DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU

Frequency of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Imaging in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Intraoperative Consultation (Frozen Section) Diagnosis of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Histopathology of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Grading of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Extent of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Biomarkers in Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU AND INVASIVE CARCINOMA

Microinvasive Ductal Carcinoma

Epithelial Displacement of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Cells into Lymphovascular Spaces in Needle Core Biopsy

Reporting of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ on Needle Core Biopsy

Genetic Alterations

Principles of Management of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

The University of Southern California/Van Nuys Prognostic Index

Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center’s Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Nomogram

Oncotype Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Score

Declining Rate of Recurrence of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Clinical Trials of Nonsurgical Management of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

9 Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

NOMENCLATURE

FROZEN SECTION AND RAPID CYTOLOGIC EVALUATION

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

EXTENT/SIZE

EXTENT/SIZE AND NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY SAMPLES

MULTIFOCALITY/MULTICENTRICITY

GRADING

LYMPHOVASCULAR INVOLVEMENT

ANGIOGENESIS

PERINEURAL INVASION

Stromal Elastosis

ABSENCE OF MYOEPITHELIUM

DUCTAL CARCINOMA IN SITU

BIOMARKERS

NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY

TUMOR-INFILTRATING LYMPHOCYTES

CHANGES AFTER NEOADJUVANT ENDOCRINE AND CHEMOTHERAPY

MOLECULAR CLASSIFICATION

MANAGEMENT OF INVASIVE DUCTAL CARCINOMA

NOTE OF CAUTION

10 Tubular Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Imaging

Age, Ethnicity, and Gender

Family History

Size

Multifocality

Contralateral Carcinoma

Histopathology

Lesions Associated With Tubular Carcinoma

Immunohistochemistry

Biomarkers

Differential Diagnosis of Tubular Carcinoma

Well-differentiated Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

Tubulolobular Carcinoma

Microglandular Adenosis

Sclerosing and/or Tubular Adenosis

Radial Scar/Radial Sclerosing Lesion

Treatment and Prognosis

Molecular Pathology

11 Papillary Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

CLINICAL FEATURES

HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

Types of Cells

Nuclei

Apocrine Metaplasia

Glandular Pattern

Stroma

Epithelial Proliferations in Adjacent Ducts

Other Findings

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

PATTERNS OF PAPILLARY CARCINOMA

Papillary Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Encapsulated Papillary Carcinoma

Solid Papillary Carcinoma

Invasive Papillary Carcinoma

TALL CELL CARCINOMA WITH REVERSED POLARITY

OTHER PATTERNS

Carcinoma Involving a Papilloma

Infarction in Papillary Tumors

Epithelial Displacement

Metastatic Papillary Carcinoma in Breast

MOLECULAR STUDIES

PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

12 Medullary Carcinoma and Related Carcinomas

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

IMAGING STUDIES

GROSS PATHOLOGY

HISTOPATHOLOGY

DIAGNOSING MEDULLARY CARCINOMA ON NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY SAMPLING

DIFFERENTIATING MEDULLARY CARCINOMA WITH METASTASIS TO INTRAMAMMARY LYMPH NODE

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

BRCA MUTATIONS AND MEDULLARY CARCINOMA

PROGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

MOLECULAR ASPECTS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MEDULLARY, TRIPLE-NEGATIVE, AND BASAL-LIKE CARCINOMAS

13 Metaplastic Carcinomas, Including Low-Grade Adenosquamous Carcinoma

METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA

SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA

METAPLASTIC SPINDLE CELL CARCINOMA

Higher-Grade Metaplastic Spindle Cell Carcinoma

Differential Diagnosis at Needle Core Biopsy

Low-Grade (“Fibromatosis-Like”) Metaplastic Spindle Cell Carcinoma

Differential Diagnosis at Needle Core Biopsy

METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA WITH HETEROLOGOUS ELEMENTS

METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA WITH CHORIOCARCINOMATOUS MORPHOLOGY

METASTATIC METAPLASTIC BREAST CARCINOMA

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY OF METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA

TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS OF METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA

LOW-GRADE ADENOSQUAMOUS CARCINOMA

MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF METAPLASTIC CARCINOMA

14 Mucinous Carcinoma

CLINICAL PRESENTATION

Imaging

Size

Histopathology

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in Mucinous Carcinoma

Mucocele-Like Lesions

HISTOCHEMISTRY AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF MUCINOUS LESIONS

TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS

MOLECULAR PATHOLOGY OF MUCINOUS CARCINOMA

15 Apocrine Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

CLINICAL FEATURES

HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

Apocrine Metaplasia

Atypical Apocrine Proliferations

Apocrine Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Apocrine Lobular Carcinoma In Situ

Invasive Apocrine Carcinoma

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, Androgen Receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2

Gross Cystic Disease Fluid Protein 15, GATA3, Cytokeratins, and Other Antigens

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY MATERIAL

Metastasis From an Extramammary Site

Apocrine Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in Sclerosing Lesion Mimics Invasive Carcinoma

Radiation Changes

Oncocytic Neoplasms

Tall Cell Carcinoma With Reversed Polarity

Granular Cell Tumor

TREATMENT AND PROGNOSIS

Atypical Apocrine Adenosis

Apocrine Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Invasive Apocrine Carcinoma

16 Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma

CLINICAL FEATURES

IMAGING FEATURES

HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

Cribriform Morphology

Tubular Morphology

Reticular Morphology

Solid Basaloid Morphology

Metaplastic Alterations

Perineural and Lymphovascular Invasion

Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma In Situ

Other Associated Lesions

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

Glandular Cells

Basaloid Cells

Estrogen Receptor, Progesterone Receptor, Androgen Receptor, and Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2

SOX10

Ki67

CD117/KIT

MYB

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS IN NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY MATERIAL

Invasive Cribriform Carcinoma and Cribriform Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

Carcinoma With Neuroendocrine Features

Small Cell Carcinoma

High-Grade Carcinoma Arising in Microglandular Adenosis

Adenomyoepithelioma

Collagenous Spherulosis

Small Tubular Proliferations

Others

Metastasis

MOLECULAR TESTING

PROGNOSIS AND MANAGEMENT

17 Other Special Types of Invasive Breast Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

INVASIVE MICROPAPILLARY CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Ultrastructure and Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

INVASIVE CRIBRIFORM CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

SECRETORY CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Differential Diagnosis

Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Studies

Prognosis and Treatment

CYSTIC HYPERSECRETORY CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

MAMMARY CARCINOMA WITH OSTEOCLAST-LIKE GIANT CELLS

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

SMALL CELL CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

GLYCOGEN-RICH CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Prognosis and Treatment

LIPID-RICH CARCINOMA

Clinical Features

Histopathologic Evaluation

Histochemistry and Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis

Treatment and Prognosis

OTHER RARE TYPES OF CARCINOMA

18 Lobular Carcinoma In Situ and Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia

TERMINOLOGY OF “LOBULAR” LESIONS

CLINICAL FEATURES

HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

Lobular Carcinoma In Situ With Collagenous Spherulosis

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

MOLECULAR STUDIES

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS

MICROINVASIVE LOBULAR CARCINOMA

PROGNOSIS

Predictors of Subsequent Invasion

ATYPICAL LOBULAR HYPERPLASIA

IS EXCISIONAL BIOPSY ALWAYS INDICATED AFTER THE NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY DIAGNOSIS OF LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU?

Upgrade Rate of Variant Lobular Carcinoma In Situ

Radiologic-Pathologic Concordance

IS EXCISIONAL BIOPSY INDICATED AFTER A NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY DIAGNOSIS OF ATYPICAL LOBULAR HYPERPLASIA?

TREATMENT SUMMARY

LOBULAR CARCINOMA IN SITU: PRECURSOR LESION OR MARKER OF INVASIVE CARCINOMA?

19 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

INTRODUCTION

CLINICAL FEATURES

Imaging

Bilaterality

HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY

MOLECULAR STUDIES

METASTATIC LOBULAR CARCINOMA

PROGNOSIS

TREATMENT

20 Mesenchymal Lesions

INTRODUCTION

(MYO)FIBROBLASTIC

Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia

Fibromatosis

Nodular Fasciitis

Myofibroblastoma

Solitary Fibrous Tumor

Dermatofibrosarcoma Protuberans

NEURAL

Schwannoma

Neurofibroma

Granular Cell Tumor

SMOOTH MUSCLE

Leiomyoma

Leiomyosarcoma

LIPOMATOUS

Lipoma

Liposarcoma

VASCULAR

Hemangioma

Angiomatosis

Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia

Atypical Vascular Lesion

Primary Angiosarcoma

Postirradiation Angiosarcoma

OTHER MESENCHYMAL TUMORS

Hamartoma

Myxoma and Angiomyxoma

Extraskeletal Osteosarcoma and Chondrosarcoma

Undifferentiated Pleomorphic Sarcoma

Other Sarcomas

21 Lymphoid and Hematopoietic Tumors

LYMPHOMAS OF THE BREAST

Clinical Features

Pathologic Features and Clinicopathologic Correlates

Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma

Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma of Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

Follicular Lymphoma

Burkitt Lymphoma

Other Systemic B-Cell Lymphomas

T-Cell Lymphomas

Hodgkin Lymphoma

Lymphomas of the Breast in Association With Implants

Differential Diagnosis of Mammary Lymphoma

PLASMA CELL NEOPLASMS

MYELOID SARCOMA

HISTIOCYTIC PROLIFERATIONS OF THE BREAST

Rosai-Dorfman Disease

Erdheim-Chester Disease

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

INTRAMAMMARY LYMPH NODES

TISSUE PROCESSING AND ANCILLARY STUDIES

22 Metastases From Nonmammary Malignant Neoplasms

INTRODUCTION

CLINICAL FEATURES

IMAGING FEATURES

HISTOPATHOLOGIC EVALUATION

COMMON SOURCES OF NMMN INVOLVING THE BREAST

Carcinoma of the Lung and Mesothelioma

Malignant Melanoma

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms

Neoplasms of Gynecologic Organs

UNCOMMON SOURCES OF BREAST METASTASES

OCCULT PRIMARY NEOPLASMS

METASTATIC PROSTATIC CARCINOMA

LATE PRESENTATION OF METASTATIC NMMN IN THE BREAST

AXILLARY LYMPH NODE METASTASES FROM NMMN

“IMPLANTATION METASTASES” IN THE BREAST

USE OF IMMUNOSTAINS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF METASTASES IN THE BREAST

USE OF IMMUNOSTAINS TO SUPPORT PRIMARY BREAST CARCINOMA

MANAGEMENT

MOLECULAR TESTING

23 Pathologic Effects of Therapy

INTRODUCTION

IRRADIATION

Radiation and Breast-Conserving Therapy

Radiation and Hodgkin Lymphoma

CHEMOTHERAPY

ABLATION METHODS

24 Men and Children

BREAST LESIONS IN MALES

Gynecomastia

Etiology

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Microscopic Pathology

Immunohistochemistry

Treatment and Prognosis

Intraductal Papilloma

Fibroepithelial Lesions

Proliferative Fibrocystic Changes

Carcinoma of the Male Breast

Etiology

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Microscopic Pathology

Immunohistochemistry

Differential Diagnosis in Needle Core Biopsy Material

Molecular Characteristics

Treatment and Prognosis

BREAST LESIONS IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

Juvenile Papillomatosis

Clinical Features

Imaging Studies

Microscopic Pathology

Molecular Characteristics

Treatment and Prognosis

Papilloma

“Juvenile” Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia

Gynecomastia

Fibroepithelial Lesions

Fibroadenoma

Phyllodes Tumor

Pseudoangiomatous Stromal Hyperplasia

Carcinoma in Children and Adolescents

Nonepithelial Malignant Neoplasms

25 Pathologic Changes and Clinical Complications Associated With Needling Procedures

INTRODUCTION

RADIOLOGIC AND HISTOPATHOLOGIC CHANGES IN THE BREAST CAUSED BY NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY

Biopsy Clips

Wire/Seed Localization

Displaced Epithelium Within Breast Tissue

Displaced Epithelium Within Lymphovascular Spaces and Axillary Lymph Nodes

MAJOR CLINICAL COMPLICATIONS OF NEEDLE CORE BIOPSIES

NEEDLE CORE BIOPSIES AND RATE OF DISTANT METASTASES

26 Processing, Examining, and Reporting of Needle Core Biopsy Specimens

INTRODUCTION

BIOPSY TECHNIQUES AND SIZE OF NEEDLES

TISSUE FIXATION

REQUISITION FORM

GROSS EXAMINATION AND DESCRIPTION

SPECIMEN PROCESSING

IMAGING MODALITIES

CALCIFICATIONS

FROZEN SECTION EXAMINATION

TOUCH IMPRINT CYTOLOGY

THE PATHOLOGY REPORT

In Situ Carcinoma

Invasive Carcinoma

Nonneoplastic Tissue

STANDARDIZED REPORTING

ROLE OF THE NEEDLE CORE BIOPSY PATHOLOGY REPORT IN PATIENT CARE

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MANAGEMENT IN THE ERA OF DE-ESCALATION

27 Biomarker, Molecular, and Other Ancillary Testing

INTRODUCTION

TESTING FOR ESTROGEN, PROGESTERONE AND ANDROGEN RECEPTORS

TESTING FOR HUMAN EPIDERMAL GROWTH FACTOR RECEPTOR 2 (HER2)

DETERMINATION OF PROLIFERATION RATE

KEY MOLECULAR TESTS

PD-L1 AND OTHER EMERGING TESTS

Index

 

An aparitie	9 ian 2024
Autor	Syed A. Hoda MD, Raza S. Hoda, Elaine Zhong
Dimensiuni	213 x 276 mm
Editura	LWW
Format	Hardcover
ISBN	9781975198367
Limba	Engleza
Nr pag	544