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Section I - Genetics and Embryology
Basic Genetic Principles
Prenatal Diagnosis
Basic Embryology
Regulation of Embryogenesis
The Extracellular Matrix in Development
Stem Cell Biology
Apoptotic Cell Death
Angiogenesis
Epigenetics
Section II - Placenta and Intrauterine Environment
Placental Development
Regulation of the Placental Circulation
Mechanisms of Transfer Across the Human Placenta
Endocrine and Paracrine Function of the Human Placenta
Fetal and Maternal Responses to Intrauterine Infection
Fetal Origins of Adult Disease: A Classic Hypothesis with New Relevance
Physiologic Effects of Multiple Pregnancy on Mother and Fetus
Placental function in intrauterine growth restriction
Section III - Developmental Pharmacology and Pharmacokinetics
Basic Pharmacologic Principles
Principles of Pharmacokinetics
Physicochemical and Structural Properties Regulating Placental Drug Transfer
Pharmacogenetics
Drug Distribution in Fetal Life
Drug Transfer During Breastfeeding
Section IV - Intrauterine and Postnatal Growth
Circulatory and Metabolic Changes Accompanying Fetal Growth Restriction
Endocrine Factors Affecting Neonatal Growth
Human Milk Composition and Function in the Infant
Physiology of Lactation
Section V - Perinatal Iron, Mineral, and Vitamin Metabolism
Fetal and Neonatal Iron Metabolism
Neonatal Calcium, Phosphorus, and Magnesium Homeostasis
Zinc in the Fetus and Neonate
Vitamin A Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate
Vitamin E Metabolism in the Fetus and Newborn Infant
Vitamin K Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate
Section VI - Lipid Metabolism
Maternal-Fetal Transfer of Lipid Metabolites
Brown Adipose Tissue: Development and Function
Lipids as an Energy Source for the Premature and Full-Term Neonate
Ketone Body Production and Metabolism in the Fetus and Neonate
Long-Chain Fatty Acids in the Developing Retina and Brain
Section VII - Carbohydrate Metabolism
Metabolism of Glucose and Methods of Investigation in the Fetus and Newborn
Carbohydrate Metabolism During Pregnancy
Oxygen Consumption and General Carbohydrate Metabolism of the Fetus
Role of Glucoregulatory Hormones in Hepatic Glucose Metabolism During the Perinatal Period
Cell Glucose Transport and Glucose Handling During Fetal and Neonatal Development
Section VIII - Protein Metabolism
General Concepts of Protein Metabolism
Fetal Requirements and Placental Transfer of Nitrogenous Compounds
Section IX - Thermoregulation
Temperature Control in Newborn Infants
Responses of the Fetus and Neonate to Hypothermia
Section X - Skin
Structure and Development of Skin and Cutaneous Appendages
Physiologic Development of the Skin
Section XI - Fetal and Neonatal Cardiovascular Physiology
Cardiovascular Development
Developmental Electrophysiology in the Fetus and Neonate
Developmental Biology of the Pulmonary Vasculature
Development of the Gastrointestinal Circulation in the Fetus and Newborn
Physiology of Congenital Heart Disease in the Neonate
Neural Regulation of Blood Pressure During Fetal and Newborn Life
Developmental Effects on Fetal Circulation
Mechanisms Regulating Closure of the Ductus Arteriosus
Umbilical Circulation
Fetal and Placental Circulation During Labor
Physiology of Resuscitation
Section XII - The Lung
Normal and Abnormal Structural Development of the Lung
Regulation of Alveolarization
Physiologic Mechanisms of Normal and Altered Lung Growth Before and After Birth
Molecular Mechanisms of Lung Development and Lung Branching Morphogenesis
Regulation of Liquid Secretion and Absorption by the Fetal and Neonatal Lung
Upper Airway Structure: Function, Regulation, and Development
Regulation of Lower Airway Function
Functional Development of Respiratory Muscles
Mechanics of Breathing
Pulmonary Gas Exchange in the Developing Lung
Oxygen Transport and Delivery
Control of Breathing in Fetal Life and Onset and Control of Breathing in the Neonate
Basic Mechanisms of Oxygen Sensing and Response to Hypoxia
Evaluation of Pulmonary Function in the Neonate
Mechanisms of Neonatal Lung Injury
Impaired Lung Growth After Injury in Premature Lung
Antenatal Factors That Influence Postnatal Lung Development and Injury
Regulation of Pulmonary Circulation
Section XIII - Surfactant
Historical Perspective
Composition of Pulmonary Surfactant Lipids and Proteins
Structure And Development of Alveolar Epithelial Cells
Regulation of Surfactant-Associated Phospholipid Synthesis and Secretion
Hormonal Therapy for Prevention of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Surfactant Treatment
Genetics and Physiology of Surfactant Protein Deficiencies
Section XIV - Physiology of Gastrointestinal Tract in the Fetus and Neonate
Trophic Factors and Regulation of Gastrointestinal Tract and Liver Development
Organogenesis of the Gastrointestinal Tract
Development of the Enteric Nervous System
Development of Gastric Secretory Function
Development of Gastrointestinal Motility
Development of the Exocrine Pancreas
Digestive-Absorption Functions in Fetuses, Infants, and Children
Development of the Intestinal Microbiome
Section XV - Liver and Bilirubin Metabolism
Organogenesis and Histologic Development of the Liver
Bile Acid Metabolism During Development
Neonatal Bilirubin Metabolism
Hereditary Contribution to Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Mechanisms of Action of Phototherapy for Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia
Section XVI - The Kidney
Embryogenesis and Anatomic Development of the Kidney
Functional Development of the Kidney in Utero
Development and Regulation of Renal Blood flow in the Neonate
Development of the Renin-Angiotensin System
Postnatal Development of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Neonates
Renal Transport of Sodium During Early Development
Potassium Homeostasis in the Fetus and Neonate
Role of the Kidney in Calcium and Phosphorus Homeostasis
Transport of Amino Acids in the Fetus and Neonate
Developmental Aspects of Organic Acid Transport
Concentration and Dilution of the Urine
Development of Acidification Mechanisms in the Fetus and Neonate
Response to Nephron Loss in Early Development
Section XVII - Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism
Fluid Distribution in the Fetus and Neonate
Regulation of Acid-Base Balance in the Fetus and Neonate
Section XVIII - Developmental Hematopoiesis
Developmental Biology of Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Adult
Developmental Granulocytopoiesis
Developmental Erythropoiesis
Developmental Megakaryocytopoiesis
Section XIX - Hemostasis
Developmental Hemostasis
Platelet–Vessel Wall Interactions
Section XX - Developmental Immunobiology
Host Defense Mechanisms Against Bacteria
Host-Fungi Interactions Relevant to the Newborn Infant
Host Defense Mechanisms Against Viruses
T-Cell Development
B-Cell Development
Mononuclear Phagocyte System
Normal and Abnormal Neutrophil Physiology in the Newborn
The Complement System of the Fetus and Newborn
Cytokines and Inflammatory Response in the Fetus and Neonate
Immunology of Human Milk and Host Immunity
Neonatal Pulmonary Host Defense
Section XXI - Neurology
Development of the Nervous System
Development of the Blood-Brain Barrier
Trophic Factor and Nutritional and Hormonal Regulation of Brain Development
Intraventricular Hemorrhage in the Neonate
Cerebellar Development – an Impact of Preterm Birth and Co-Morbidities
Electroencephalography in the Premature and Full-Term Infant
Developmental Aspects of Pain
Section XXII - Special Sensory Systems in the Fetus and Neonate
Early Development of the Human Auditory System
Development of Taste and Smell in the Neonate
Section XXIII - Orthopedics
The Growth Plate: Embryologic Origin, Structure, and Function
Ontogenesis of Striated Muscle
Section XXIV - Endocrine Function
Hypothalamus: Neuroendometabolic Center
Growth Factor Regulation of Fetal Growth
Growth Hormone in the Fetus and Newborn
Luteinizing Hormone and Follicle-Stimulating Hormone Secretion in the Fetus and Newborn
Development of the Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone–Corticotropin System in the Mammalian Fetus
Fetal and Neonatal Adrenocortical Physiology
Fetal and Neonatal Thyroid Physiology
Section XXV - Ovary and Testis
Genetics of Sex Determination and Differentiation
Differentiation of the Ovary
Testicular Development and Descent
Section XXVI - Pathophysiology of Neonatal Diseases
Pathophysiology of Neonatal sepsis
Pathophysiology of Hypoglycemia in the Neonate
Pathophysiology of Cardiomyopathies
Pathophysiology of Persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn
Pathophysiology of Shock in the Fetus and Neonate
Pathophysiology of Apnea of Prematurity
Pathophysiology of Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Pathophysiology of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome
Pathophysiology of Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Pathophysiology of Ventilator Dependent Infants
Pathophysiology of Gastroesophageal Reflux
Pathophysiology of Neonatal Necrotizing Enterocolitis
Pathophysiology of Kernicterus
Pathophysiology of neonatal acute kidney injury
Pathophysiology of Edema
Pathophysiology of Retinopathy of Prematurity
Pathophysiology of Hypoxic-ischemic Brain Injury
Pathophysiology of Neonatal White Matter Injury
Pathophysiology of Meningitis
Pathophysiology of Neural Tube Defects
Pathophysiology of Preeclampsia
Pathophysiology of Preterm Birth
Pathophysiology of Chorioamnionitis
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